Ontology & Epistemology

Question 1 of 31

1

Define ontology:

Select one of the following:

Whether reality does or does not exist separately from human practice
What counts as legitimate knowledge and which knowledge to trust
Demonstrates knowledge using unbiased and objective data collection
Reality depends on human interpretation

Explanation

Question 2 of 31

1

A realist ontological perspective assumes:

Select one of the following:

Reality independent from human knowledge as observations reflect reality, 1 true reality is out there to be discovered
Reality depends on human interpretation, with multiple, constructed realities which differ across time
Knowledge is socially influenced, whereby observations reflect a separate reality which can only be partially accessed
Questions objective knowledge, whereby observations reflect a constructed reality via, for example, discourse and systems

Explanation

Question 3 of 31

1

Who would typically take a realist ontological perspective?

Select one of the following:

Quantitative researchers
Qualitative researchers
Either quantitative or qualitative researchers
Neither

Explanation

Question 4 of 31

1

Who would typically take a relativist ontological perspective?

Select one of the following:

Qualitative researcher
Quantitate researcher
Either quantitative or qualitative researcher
Neither

Explanation

Question 5 of 31

1

Identify assumptions of the relativist ontological perspective:

Select one of the following:

Reality depends on human interpretation, with multiple, constructed realities which differ across time
Reality independent from human knowledge as observations reflect reality, 1 true reality is out there to be discovered
Knowledge is socially influenced, whereby observations reflect a separate reality which can only be partially accessed
Questions objective knowledge, whereby observations reflect a constructed reality via, for example, discourse and systems

Explanation

Question 6 of 31

1

Taking a relativist ontological perspective involves critiquing what features of research: (2)

Select one or more of the following:

Reliability: for ignoring individual differences and contextual differences
Objectivity: for ignoring the fact that the researcher inevitable influences research
Subjectivity: for allowing their subjective values and assumptions influence research
Positivism: demonstrating knowledge via unbiased and objective data collection

Explanation

Question 7 of 31

1

Which ontological perspective sits between realism and relativism?

Select one of the following:

Critical realism
Positivism
Constructionism
Contextualism

Explanation

Question 8 of 31

1

A critical realist ontological perspective assumes:

Select one of the following:

Knowledge is socially influenced, whereby observations reflect a separate reality which can only be partially accessed
There is no 1 reality, with knowledge emerging from context
Reality depends on human interpretation, with multiple, constructed realities which differ across time
Reality independent from human knowledge as observations reflect reality, 1 true reality is out there to be discovered

Explanation

Question 9 of 31

1

Define epistemology:

Select one of the following:

What counts as legitimate knowledge and which knowledge to trust
Whether reality does or does not exist separately from human practice
Demonstrating knowledge via unbiased and objective data collection
Acknowledges the researcher being influenced by the context

Explanation

Question 10 of 31

1

Identify features of the positivist epistemological approach: (3)

Select one or more of the following:

Demonstrates knowledge using unbiased and objective data collection methods
Is aligned with empiricism, meaning it separates the observer and observed
Uses the scientific method to gain valid knowledge
Questions objective knowledge
Reality is constructed via discourse systems which is ideological
There is no singular truth

Explanation

Question 11 of 31

1

A constructionist epistemological approach assumes:

Select one of the following:

Questions objective knowledge, whereby reality is constructed via discourse and systems thus having an ideological function, with no singular truth
Reality is independent from human knowledge as observations are assumed to reflect reality, with one singular truth 'out there' to be discovered
Reality depends on human interpretation with multiple, constructed realities which differ across time and context
Knowledge emerges from context and is therefore local, situated and provisional, but retains in interest in understanding the trust, but in context, with no singular truth

Explanation

Question 12 of 31

1

Which epistemological approach sites between positivism and constructionism?

Select one of the following:

Contextualism
Critical realism
Relativism
Realism

Explanation

Question 13 of 31

1

Identify features of the contextualist epistemological approach: (4)

Select one or more of the following:

Sits between positivism and constructionism
No singular reality
Knowledge emerges from context and is thus local, situated and provisional
Retains an interest in understanding the trust, but in context
Aligned with empiricism, meaning it separates the observer and observed
Questions objective knowledge, assuming reality is constructed via discourse and systems

Explanation

Question 14 of 31

1

Ontological and epistemological perspective help aid methodology decision-making

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 15 of 31

1

Define methodology:

Select one of the following:

Refers to frameworks within which research is conducted to aid decision-making, such as what participants to use
To explore/understanding meaning and ways people make meaning
Process of critically reflecting on the knowledge produced and our role in producing it
What counts as legitimate knowledge and which knowledge to trust

Explanation

Question 16 of 31

1

Data production refers to:

Select one of the following:

The creation of new data via data collection methods such as interviews or surveys
The use of existing data via data collection methods such as newspaper clippings or the internet
To explore/understand meaning and ways in which people make meanings
Refers to the framework within which research is conducted to aid decision-making, such as what data collection method to use

Explanation

Question 17 of 31

1

Data that only touches the surface level could be referred to as:

Select one of the following:

Shallow/thin
Rich
Positivist
Critical realist

Explanation

Question 18 of 31

1

Data that provides a thorough and thoughtful commentary on a topic could be referred to as:

Select one of the following:

Rich
Shallow
Thin
Methodology

Explanation

Question 19 of 31

1

Identify features of qualitative research: (5)

Select one or more of the following:

Not to prove theory
Not to determine a relationship between factors
No hypothesis
To explore and understand meaning and ways in which people make meaning
To test the hypothesis
To prove theory
Open-ended

Explanation

Question 20 of 31

1

A positivist-empiricist paradigm:

Select one of the following:

Avoids bias to produce objective knowledge
Values subjectivity, seeing research as a subjective process which can be used as a research tool
Process of critically reflecting on the knowledge produced and our role in producing it
How the research tools and process may have influenced research

Explanation

Question 21 of 31

1

A qualitative paradigm:

Select one of the following:

Values subjectivity, seeing research as a subjective process which can be used as a research tool
Avoids bias to produce objective knowledge
Reality independent from human knowledge as observations reflect reality, 1 true reality is out there to be discovered
Critical realist

Explanation

Question 22 of 31

1

Our subjectivity can be used as a research tool, requiring reflexivity

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 23 of 31

1

Define reflexivity:

Select one of the following:

Process of critically reflecting on the knowledge produced and our role in producing it
To explore/understand meaning and ways in which people make meaning
The creation of new data via data collection methods such as interviews or surveys
Knowledge is socially influenced, whereby observations reflect a separate reality which can only be partially accessed

Explanation

Question 24 of 31

1

Identify the 2 forms of reflexivity: (2)

Select one or more of the following:

Functional
Personal
Shallow
Rich

Explanation

Question 25 of 31

1

Functional reflexivity refers to:

Select one of the following:

How research tools and the research process may have influenced the research
How the researcher themselves may have impacted the research
How research is a subjective process
Refers to the framework within which research is conducted to aid decision-making

Explanation

Question 26 of 31

1

Personal reflexivity refers to:

Select one of the following:

How research tools and the research process may have influenced the research
How the researcher themselves may have impacted the research
There is no 1 reality, with knowledge emerging from context
Process of critically reflecting on the knowledge produced and our role in producing it

Explanation

Question 27 of 31

1

Considering how our embodiment/presence and how our assumptions can shape the knowledge produced is an example of:

Select one of the following:

Personal reflexivity
Functional reflexivity
Positive-empiricist paradigm
Realism

Explanation

Question 28 of 31

1

Which of the following are examples of qualitative methods of data collection: (7)

Select one or more of the following:

Story completion tasks
Surveys
Interviews
Focus groups
Diaries
Internet
Printed visual media
Thematic analysis
Grounded theory
Interpretive Phenomenological analysis

Explanation

Question 29 of 31

1

Which of the following are examples of qualitative data analysis: (4)

Select one or more of the following:

Thematic
Interpretive phenomenological
Grounded theory
Discourse
Interviews
Focus groups
Printed visual media
Diaries

Explanation

Question 30 of 31

1

Identify features of quantitative analysis: (7)

Select one or more of the following:

Numbers
Shallow
Artificial
Causal relationships
Scientific
Generalisable
Objective
Subjective
Natural
Inductive methods

Explanation

Question 31 of 31

1

Identify features of qualitative analysis: (6)

Select one or more of the following:

Words
Rich/insightful
Natural
Values subjectivity
Inductive methods: bottom-up
Credible research = validates research
Empirical testing
Isolates variables
Objective
Causal relationships

	Created by Róisín Farmer over 7 years ago

RDA2 - Qualitative Quiz on Ontology & Epistemology , created by Róisín Farmer on 02/05/2017.

Ontology & Epistemology

Question 1 of 31

Define ontology:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 31

A realist ontological perspective assumes:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 31

Who would typically take a realist ontological perspective?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 31

Who would typically take a relativist ontological perspective?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 31

Identify assumptions of the relativist ontological perspective:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 31

Taking a relativist ontological perspective involves critiquing what features of research: (2)

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 31

Which ontological perspective sits between realism and relativism?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 31

A critical realist ontological perspective assumes:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 31

Define epistemology:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 31

Identify features of the positivist epistemological approach: (3)

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 31

A constructionist epistemological approach assumes:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 31

Which epistemological approach sites between positivism and constructionism?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 31

Identify features of the contextualist epistemological approach: (4)

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 31

Ontological and epistemological perspective help aid methodology decision-making

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 31

Define methodology:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 31

Data production refers to:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 31

Data that only touches the surface level could be referred to as:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 31

Data that provides a thorough and thoughtful commentary on a topic could be referred to as:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 31

Identify features of qualitative research: (5)

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 31

A positivist-empiricist paradigm: