Mer Scott
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

• Describe the structure and location of the pancreatic islets. • Outline the sequence of events that occurs when blood glucose concentration increases above or decreases below the reference range • Describe the effects of insulin on each type of target cell. • Compare the role of insulin and glucagon in the control of blood glucose concentration in the fed state and the fasting state. • Explain what diabetes mellitus is and distinguish between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.

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Mer Scott
Created by Mer Scott over 7 years ago
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L33 Pancreatic islets, insulin, glucagon, and diabetes

Question 1 of 19

1

Which statement best describes the location of the pancreas?

Select one of the following:

  • The pancreas sits under the larynx on the anterior of the trachea.

  • The pancreas sits in the abdominal cavity.

  • The pancreas sits in the C-shaped curve of the duodenum, with it's body extending behind the stomach.

Explanation

Question 2 of 19

1

The pancreas is:

Select one of the following:

  • an exocrine gland

  • an endocrine gland

  • both an exocrine and endocrine gland.

Explanation

Question 3 of 19

1

The majority of the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 19

1

(Choose all correct options.)
Pancreatic islets:

Select one or more of the following:

  • make up 2% of the pancreas' mass

  • have 4 types of cells

  • have alpha cells which secrete insulin

  • have beta cells which secrete glucagon

  • are up to 1 million in number within the pancreas

Explanation

Question 5 of 19

1

The reference range for blood glucose is between:

Select one of the following:

  • 3.5 - 8 mmol/L

  • 3.5 - 6 mmol/L

  • 4 - 6 mmol/L

  • 5 - 10 mmol/L

Explanation

Question 6 of 19

1

Glucose is the only fuel the brain can use.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 19

1

During the day, fuel use () is , but we only eat periodically. Hence, our blood glucose level throughout the day. We describe the two metabolic the body moves between as the fed state and the fasting state.
In the fed state there is of nutrients and metabolism taking place( of glycogen, protein and fat).
Vice versa, in the fasting state there is of nutrients and metabolism taking place( of glycogen, protein and fat.)

Select option below to complete the highlighted text

    metabolism
    continuous
    changes
    states
    uptake
    anabolic
    synthesis
    mobilisation
    catabolic
    breakdown

Explanation

Question 8 of 19

1

Choose the correct statements about insulin secretion.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Insulin is secreted by beta cells when blood glucose concentration increases above the reference range.

  • Insulin release can be a negative-feedback pathway or a feed-forward pathway.

  • Carbohydrates being broken down into glucose during digestion triggers insulin release.

  • Target cells include everything but muscle and adipose tissue.

  • The beta cells are the sensor and integrator of the system.

  • Insulin is a lipid-soluble hormone with an intracellular receptor.

Explanation

Question 9 of 19

1

Which of these is not a symptom of Type I Diabetes?

Select one of the following:

  • Hypoglycemia

  • Polyuria

  • Polydipsia

  • Polyphagia

Explanation

Question 10 of 19

1

Insulin is the only hormone that can decrease blood glucose levels.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 19

1

Type I Diabetes is an autoimmune disease where insulin-producing alpha cells have been destroyed.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 19

1

The first treatments of insulin were on diabetic dogs. The first treatments of insulin to people were of crude insulin attained from bovine pancreases.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 19

1

Pure insulin can now be produced in vitro.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 19

1

Choose the incorrect statement about Type 2 Diabetes.

Select one of the following:

  • 90% of Diabetes cases are Type 2.

  • It is becoming more prevalent in children.

  • Cells are resistant to insulin.

  • Risk factors for Type 2 are unknown.

  • Lifestyle changes can be used to treat Type 2.

Explanation

Question 15 of 19

1

(Choose all correct.)
Hyperglycemia can cause:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Atherosclerosis (leading to heart attack, stroke)

  • Kidney Disease

  • Nerve Damage

  • Blindness

  • Muscular hypertrophy

  • Pulmonary Edema

Explanation

Question 16 of 19

1

Glucagon is a peptide hormone with intracellular receptors.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 19

1

Glucagon causes an increase in glucose and ketone synthesis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 19

1

Glucagon causes a breakdown of glycogen.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 19

1

is the synthesis of glucose, while is the breakdown of . Both are stimulated by .

Select option below to complete the highlighted text

    Gluconeogenesis
    glycogenolysis
    glucagon
    glycogen

Explanation

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