Benjamin Maier
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Quiz on Biopsychology MCQs, created by Benjamin Maier on 23/05/2017.

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Benjamin Maier
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Biopsychology MCQs

Question 1 of 60

1

The major components of an emotional response include:

Select one of the following:

  • Feelings and behaviour

  • Behaviour and moods

  • Hormonal secretions and cognition

  • Behavioural and physiological components

Explanation

Question 2 of 60

1

The autonomic component of an emotional response functions to:

Select one of the following:

  • Mobilise energy for vigorous movement

  • Restore physiological balance after an emotional experience

  • Promote digestion of nutrients

  • Facilitate healing of damaged tissue

Explanation

Question 3 of 60

1

The neural systems that comprise fear are integrated by neurons within the:

Select one of the following:

  • Hypothalamus

  • Amygdala

  • Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

  • Thalamus

Explanation

Question 4 of 60

1

Activation of the _______ nucleus of the _______ elicits an emotional response:

Select one of the following:

  • Lateral; Amygdala

  • Central; Amygdala

  • Medial; Hypothalamus

  • Central; Hypothalamus

Explanation

Question 5 of 60

1

The expression of an emotional response is inhibited by the input of the:

Select one of the following:

  • Lateral amygdala

  • Central amygdala

  • Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

  • Hypothalamus

Explanation

Question 6 of 60

1

Which drug would be expected to inhibit aggression:

Select one of the following:

  • Haloperidol

  • Cocaine

  • Fluoxetine (Prozac)

  • Amphetamine

Explanation

Question 7 of 60

1

A human male who has a long record of assault, arson and murder, would be expected to show __________ levels of ___________ in his cerebrospinal fluid:

Select one of the following:

  • elevated; 5-HIAA

  • reduced; 5-HIAA

  • elevated; GABA

  • reduced; GABA

Explanation

Question 8 of 60

1

Phineas Gage, who was injured when a steel rod was accidentally driven through his skull, exhibited impulsive, emotional behavior as a result of widespread damage to his:

Select one of the following:

  • Occipital Cortex

  • Cingulate Cortex

  • Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

  • Amygdala

Explanation

Question 9 of 60

1

Which of the following is a moral dilemma:

Select one of the following:

  • Changing the ingredients of a recipe

  • Throwing another person into a grenade to save many others

  • Walking away from a fight

  • Watching someone else throw another person into a grenade to save many others

Explanation

Question 10 of 60

1

Elevated levels of which neurotransmitter inhibits aggression:

Select one of the following:

  • Glutamate

  • GABA

  • Dopamine

  • Serotonin

Explanation

Question 11 of 60

1

A combination of inadequate activation of the ___________ and enhanced activation of the ____________ may result in excessive anger that results in harm to other people:

Select one of the following:

  • Prefrontal cortex; hypothalamus

  • Prefrontal cortex; amygdala

  • Amygdala; prefrontal cortex

  • Hypothalamus; prefrontal cortex

Explanation

Question 12 of 60

1

The proposition that facial expressions of emotion are innate is supported by the observation that:

Select one of the following:

  • The same facial expression for an emotion is observed in all cultures

  • Blind children show different facial emotional expressions that sighted children

  • Some facial expressions are only expressed in adulthood

  • Facial expression of emotion change over time in a culture

Explanation

Question 13 of 60

1

A chimeric face is:

Select one of the following:

  • A happy face

  • A wrinkled face

  • Created by pasting different facial images to form a single unit

  • Recognisable when upside-down

Explanation

Question 14 of 60

1

The ability to recognise negative emotions expressed by others is most likely to be impaired after damage to:

Select one of the following:

  • Right hemisphere

  • Somatosensory cortex

  • Cerebellum

  • Basal Ganglia

Explanation

Question 15 of 60

1

According to the James-Lange theory, feelings of emotion are:

Select one of the following:

  • Culturally determined responses to stimuli

  • Produced by feedback from the behaviours and physiological responses caused by emotion-producing situations

  • Dependent upon the genetic makeup of an individual

  • Produced by activity within the thalamus in response to sensory cues

Explanation

Question 16 of 60

1

Which of the following is true of the sex chromosomes?

Select one of the following:

  • Factors coded on the Y chromosome control the development of the male sex glands

  • The Y chromosome contains the blueprint for the female foetus

  • The sex chromosomes are the largest among the 23 pairs

  • The mother donates her Y chromosome to form a male foetus

Explanation

Question 17 of 60

1

_____________________ exert(s) a defeminising action during prenatal development:

Select one of the following:

  • Testosterone

  • Anti-Müllerian hormone

  • Estradiol

  • Estrogens

Explanation

Question 18 of 60

1

The size of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis is an indicator of:

Select one of the following:

  • Prenatal androgenisation

  • Sexual orientation

  • Ambivalent sexuality

  • Gender identity

Explanation

Question 19 of 60

1

The key factor that determines whether the undifferentiated gonads develop into testes is:

Select one of the following:

  • The SRY gene located on the Y chromosome

  • The secretion of testosterone from the adrenal glands

  • The SRY gene located on the X chromosome

  • The secretion of androgens from the gonads

Explanation

Question 20 of 60

1

A pheromone is a:

Select one of the following:

  • Chemical located on the tongue that detects sugar

  • Chemical that is released by one animal that affects the behaviour of another animal

  • Type of enzyme that deactivates cyclic nucleotides

  • Chemical that is released in the body that affects the behaviour of the individual that released it

Explanation

Question 21 of 60

1

Which of the following is true of pheromone action in humans?

Select one of the following:

  • Menstrual cycles are delayed by exposure to human sweat

  • Women are attracted to the underarm sweat from men

  • Men prefer the smell of t-shirts worn by women during their fertile phase

  • Men and women show decreased sexual behaviour after exposure to pheromones

Explanation

Question 22 of 60

1

A hormone that promotes the prenatal development of the Woffian system is said to have a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • Defeminising effect

  • Activational effect

  • Masculinising effect

  • Feminising effect

Explanation

Question 23 of 60

1

The prenatal development of the internal reproductive structures of the female:

Select one of the following:

  • Requires the suppression of the Müllerian system by the anti- Müllerian hormone

  • Requires secretion of estradiol by the pituitary gland

  • Is caused by secretion of progesterone

  • Requires no hormone

Explanation

Question 24 of 60

1

The genetic sex of a foetus is determined by:

Select one of the following:

  • The hormones released by the pituitary gland during foetal development

  • A single gene on the X chromosome

  • The gonads

  • The sex chromosome inherited from the father

Explanation

Question 25 of 60

1

The key event that starts sexual maturation at the onset of puberty is that:

Select one of the following:

  • The ovaries and testes release gonadotropic hormones

  • Estradiol and testosterone are released from the hypothalamus

  • The hypothalamus secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormones

  • LH and FSH are released from the hypothalamus

Explanation

Question 26 of 60

1

Which of the following is known to speed up the onset of female puberty:

Select one of the following:

  • Low levels of body fat

  • High plasma levels of leptin

  • Malnutrition

  • High plasma levels of Estradiol

Explanation

Question 27 of 60

1

An increased prevalence of homosexuality/bisexuality is noted in:

Select one of the following:

  • Women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia

  • Women with Turner’s Syndrome

  • Men born during the late winter months to stressed mothers

  • Men born with congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Explanation

Question 28 of 60

1

The key effect of luteinising hormone (LH) is to:

Select one of the following:

  • Just prior to menstruation

  • When estradiol levels are lowest

  • Just after a surge of testosterone from her adrenal glands

  • At a point in the menstrual cycle when estradiol levels are highest

Explanation

Question 29 of 60

1

A human female is more likely to initiate sexual activity with her partner:

Select one of the following:

  • Just prior to menstruation

  • When estradiol levels are lowest

  • Just after a surge of testosterone from her adrenal glands

  • At a point in the menstrual cycle when estradiol levels are highest

Explanation

Question 30 of 60

1

The ________________ would not be considered a human sex organ:

Select one of the following:

  • Ovaries

  • Adrenal gland

  • Testes

  • External genitalia

Explanation

Question 31 of 60

1

The various stages of sleep are easily distinguished by:

Select one of the following:

  • Changes in motor movements

  • Changes in the electrical activity of the brain

  • The quality and quantity of dreams

  • Visible changes in respiration

Explanation

Question 32 of 60

1

The transition between wakefulness and sleep is marked by the appearance of which type of EEG waves:

Select one of the following:

  • Alpha

  • Beta

  • Delta

  • Theta

Explanation

Question 33 of 60

1

You are watching the EEG of a person whose output contains 85% delta wave activity. Your best guess is that this person is:

Select one of the following:

  • In stage 4 of slow-wave sleep

  • Dreaming

  • Making the transition from wakefulness to sleep

  • In REM sleep

Explanation

Question 34 of 60

1

Typically, humans show which pattern of blood flow and cognitive activity
during REM sleep:

Select one of the following:

  • Cortical blood flow is reduced during REM sleep as blood is shunted to the genitals

  • Cerebral blood flow is low in the primary visual cortex

  • Cerebral blood flow is high in the visual association cortex and low in the prefrontal cortex

  • Cerebral blood flow is high in the prefrontal cortex

Explanation

Question 35 of 60

1

It may be inappropriate to treat insomnia with benzodiazepines because:

Select one of the following:

  • Medication withdrawal symptoms can result in increased insomnia

  • Sleeping medication may lead to daytime hangovers

  • People with insomnia may be underestimating the amount of time they actually sleep

  • All of the above are correct

Explanation

Question 36 of 60

1

Nightmares that are particularly terrifying occur during:

Select one of the following:

  • Stage 1 sleep

  • Stage 2 sleep

  • Stage 4 sleep

  • REM sleep

Explanation

Question 37 of 60

1

The first day in a new job that is cognitively demanding and which involves the development of new skills, would be expected to:

Select one of the following:

  • Produce insomnia

  • Reduce the amplitude of delta activity in the frontal lobes

  • Increase the need for REM sleep

  • Increase the amount of time spent that night spent in slow-wave sleep

Explanation

Question 38 of 60

1

A build up of carbon dioxide in the blood is characteristic of the sleep disorder known as:

Select one of the following:

  • Narcolepsy

  • Sleep apnoea (apnea)

  • Somnambulism

  • Pavor nocturnus

Explanation

Question 39 of 60

1

A person who exhibits sudden paralysis may be suffering from:

Select one of the following:

  • Somnambulism

  • A sleep attack

  • Hynagogic hallucinations

  • An episode of cataplexy

Explanation

Question 40 of 60

1

Human narcolepsy:

Select one of the following:

  • Can be treated by using sleep-inducing drugs

  • Is caused by an absence of orexin in most people with narcolepsy

  • Involves the intrusion of slow-wave sleep components into the awake state

  • Is caused by an absence of dopamine in most people with narcolepsy

Explanation

Question 41 of 60

1

The occurrence of SLEEP ATTACKS in narcolepsy can be alleviated by drugs that:

Select one of the following:

  • Impair the release of orexin in the brain

  • Block hypocretin 2 receptors in the hypothalamus

  • Act as catecholamine agonists

  • Alleviated the symptoms of depression

Explanation

Question 42 of 60

1

Weight gain is a common outcome for a person suffering from:

Select one of the following:

  • Somnambulism

  • Sleep-related eating disorder

  • REM sleep disorder

  • Narcolepsy

Explanation

Question 43 of 60

1

The primary function of slow-wave sleep is to:

Select one of the following:

  • Rest the brain

  • Promote dreaming

  • Facilitate brain development

  • Rest the body

Explanation

Question 44 of 60

1

Research has suggested that ___________ sleep is important for ___________

Select one of the following:

  • Slow-wave; non-declarative

  • REM; declarative

  • Stage 2; declarative

  • REM; non-declarative

Explanation

Question 45 of 60

1

Prolonged sleep deprivation in humans results in:

Select one of the following:

  • Impaired concentration

  • Perceptual illusions

  • Partial recovery of lost stage 4 sleep

  • All of the above are correct

Explanation

Question 46 of 60

1

All of the following are positive symptoms of schizophrenia EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • Social withdrawal

  • Auditory hallucinations

  • Disorganised speech

  • Visual hallucinations

Explanation

Question 47 of 60

1

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia:

Select one of the following:

  • Are best illustrated by delusions

  • Are likely to be caused by excessive brain dopamine activity

  • Represent the absence of behaviours that are usually present

  • Are best illustrated by poor abstract thinking

Explanation

Question 48 of 60

1

The positive symptoms of schizophrenia may be caused by:

Select one of the following:

  • An imbalance of norepinephrine in the brain

  • A single recessive gene

  • Excessive activity in forebrain dopamine circuits in the brain

  • Excessive activity in midbrain dopamine circuits in the brain

Explanation

Question 49 of 60

1

The fact that the odds of a child born to two parents, both of whom have schizophrenia, is less than 50% suggests that:

Select one of the following:

  • Schizophrenia is associated with infertility

  • Schizophrenia is not produced by a single gene

  • Schizophrenia is a metabolic disorder

  • Schizophrenia is produced by a single dominant gene

Explanation

Question 50 of 60

1

Imagine that you have been handed a list of drugs and that beside each drug name is a number that represents the potency of that drug for blocking midbrain dopamine receptors (where a low number means a greater potency at blocking). Which would you choose for the treatment of schizophrenia?:

Select one of the following:

  • Potency value = 0.1

  • Potency value = 0.3

  • Potency value = 1.0

  • Potency value = 5.0

Explanation

Question 51 of 60

1

Administration of high doses of which of the following drugs would be expected to produce the positive symptoms of schizophrenia:

Select one of the following:

  • L-DOPA

  • Methamphetamine

  • Cocaine

  • All of the above are correct

Explanation

Question 52 of 60

1

John has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and has shown improvement in positive symptoms while taking chlorpromazine (CPZ). John may be at risk of his positive symptoms returning if he:

Select one of the following:

  • Stops taking CPZ and takes cocaine at a party

  • Takes double his CPZ does per day

  • Mixes alcohol with CPZ

  • Takes reserpine in addition to CPZ

Explanation

Question 53 of 60

1

The mesolimbic pathway projects from the ___________ to the __________:

Select one of the following:

  • Substantia nigra; caudate

  • Globus pallidus; ventral tegmental area

  • Ventral tegmental area; frontal cortex

  • Ventral tegmental area; nucleus accumbens and amygdala

Explanation

Question 54 of 60

1

Clozapine is referred to as an “atypical” antipsychotic drug because it:

Select one of the following:

  • Can reverse positive symptoms of schizophrenia without producing tardive dyskinesia

  • Is more potent at blocking D2 than D4 receptors

  • Effectively treats schizophrenia but also produces motor side effects

  • Does not have any effect on dopamine

Explanation

Question 55 of 60

1

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia may be related to:

Select one of the following:

  • Excessive birth weight

  • Mild brain damage

  • Overactivity of dopaminergic neurons

  • Having an older mother

Explanation

Question 56 of 60

1

Which of the following suggests that schizophrenia may be associated with atypical neuroanatomy:

Select one of the following:

  • The size of the lateral ventricles increases in people with schizophrenia

  • The size of the lateral ventricles decreases in people with schizophrenia

  • Older people, who have already lost substantial numbers of neurons, are more likely to develop schizophrenia than younger people

  • The neurological symptoms observed in schizophrenia are unique to schizophrenia

Explanation

Question 57 of 60

1

The major affective disorders are also known as:

Select one of the following:

  • Anxiety disorders

  • Schizoaffective disorders

  • Manic-depressive disorders

  • Mood disorders

Explanation

Question 58 of 60

1

_______________ is/are NOT an effective treatment for unipolar depression:

Select one of the following:

  • Drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin or norepinephrine

  • Sleep deprivation

  • Lithium salts

  • Electroconvulsive therapy

Explanation

Question 59 of 60

1

The ability of fluoxetine (Prozac) to function as an effective treatment for _____________ is related to its capacity to ____________:

Select one of the following:

  • Delusions and hallucinations; block serotonin reuptake

  • Depression; block serotonin reuptake

  • Anxiety disorders; inhibit MAO

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder; release glycine

Explanation

Question 60 of 60

1

A person with ____________ allele(s) of the gene for the _____________ transporter is at risk for depression:

Select one of the following:

  • A long and a short; dopamine

  • Two long; serotonin

  • Two short; serotonin

  • Two long; GABA

Explanation

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