What things can you do to help family with osteoporosis?
Pass along information about osteoporosis to parents and grandparents
Pick up and put away shoes, bags, toys, clutter, et cetera that a person could trip and fall over
Help place frequently used items between shoulder and hip level for easiest access
All of the above
Preventing a fracture can save you, your family, and the government money.
How many accidents are fall related in people between the ages of 65 and 75?
82%
62%
42%
22%
Which of these is a weight bearing exercise?
Swimming
Push Ups
Dancing
Crunches
How many minutes a day should an adult exercise?
30 minutes
60 minutes
15 minutes
10 minutes
What are the best actions to prevent osteoporosis?
Avoid smoking
Avoid alcohol
Daily intake of vitamin A
Daily weight bearing exercises
Daily intake of Iron
Daily intake of vitamin D
Daily intake of calcium
What methods to diagnose osteoporosis does The Irish Osteoporosis Society recommend?
Ultrasound of the heel
DXA scan
FRAX tool
Fractured bones
A DXA scan is a long and claustrophobic scan.
What does a DXA scan measure?
Bone Mineral Density
Blood Pressure
How many fractures have occured
Rings in bone to tell age
What must every osteoporosis treatment include?
Vitamin D and Calcium
Fracture casts
A walker
Oestrogen injections
There are no non-dairy options for getting Vitamin D
What T-score means you have osteoporosis?
-2 to -2.49
-1 to -1.49
-1.5 to -1.99
-2.5 or higher
What are secondary complication of a hip fracture?
Infection
Microfractures
A second hip fracture
Blood Clots
Muscle pain
Which of the following are signs of osteoporosis?
A loss of height greater than 2 centimeteres
A hump in the back
Unexplainable back pain
It is normal for an adult to break a bone after slipping on ice or falling on the cement.
How often can vertebrae collapse in a person with severe osteoporosis?
Every 6-12 months
Every 2 years
Every 3 years
Every 3 months
What develops when vertebrae fracture forwards to create wedge fractures, causing a curvature in the upper back?
A new bone
The Dowager's hump
Trabeculae
Osteoclasts
A person's head protruding forward can cause them to be more likely to fall
After osteoporosis has set in, it is fine to just treat the symptoms rather than to treat the causes of bone loss.
What is the most common cause of osteoporosis?
Sex Hormone deficiency (oestrogen and testosterone)
Falling and breaking a bone
Diabetes
Bad posture
Which of the following are results of wearing high-heeled shoes?
Restricted circulation in lower limbs
Bone and nerve damage
Stiffening of the Achilles tendon
Treatments and medications for other diseases or problems can not cause osteoporosis
What is an example of a modifiable risk factor?
Insufficient calcium and vitamin D intake
Age
Ethnicity
Gender
A woman doesn't have increased bone loss during menopause
Family history is a strong risk factor because 80% of bone is genetic
Which of the following is an example of a lifestyle risk factor?
Excessive athletic activity
Getting no regular exercise
Smoking
How can eating disorders cause osteoporosis?
As the person gets slimmer, the bones feel more pressure from the skin
There is less muscle mass, so there is more pressure on the bones
The person is not getting the nutrients they require, like vitamin D, to prevent osteoporosis
What is amenorrhea?
The medical term for pregnancy
Loss of periods for four months or more without being pregnant
A disease that causes a person to bleed uncontrollably
A disease that causes internal hemorrhaging
Osteoporosis is a disease that causes...
A surplus of vitamin D in the bones
A decrease in bone thickness resulting in deterioration of bone strength
Bones to turn rubbery and bend
Fracturing to occur only in a person's vertebrae
Osteopenia is completely unrelated to osteoporosis
Who is at risk to develop osteoporosis?
Women over 50 years of age
Men who smoke at least 1 pack of cigarettes a day
A child who does not drink their milk
Anyone can develop osteoporosis at any age
Fracture is most likely to occur in what stage?
Severe osteoporosis, T-score of -2.5 or greater
Mild osteopenia, T-score of -1.0 to -1.49
No osteoporosis or osteopenia present
Moderate to marked osteopenia, T-score of -1.5 to -2.49
Approximately what percentage of people with osteoporosis are diagnosed?
100%
50%
15%
2%
Osteoporosis is treatable and preventable
Vitamin D is essential to absorb calcium
Peak bone mass is...
When your bones have peaks and ridges on them
When your bones are at their lowest density, usually in adolescence
When your bones have not reached their highest density, but are in the process
When your bones have the highest amount of bone present, usually obtained in early adulthood