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Nervous system: Overview
Anatomical Divisions
CNS?
PNS?
Functional divisions:
(4 of them)
Two types of cells in the nervous system
Neurons
Two types of cells in the nervous system
Glial cells
Types of neurons:
Bipolar neurons
Types of neurons:
Multipolar neurons
Types of neurons:
Pseudounipolar neurons
Dendrites
Neuronal Cell Body:
(a.k.a. soma or perikaryon)
Nucleus
Nissl bodies
Neurofilaments
Microtubules
Axon Hillock
What type of neurons are shown in the image?
What are the arrows pointing at?
Axons
Called what in cytoplasm?
in plasma membrane?
From axon to nerve fiber
Axon enveloped by?
Myelin sheath is produced by:
what in the CNS?
what in the PNS?
Myelin sheath in the PNS
Myelin sheath in the PNS
Myelin sheath in the CNS:
Unmyelinated Nerve Fibers in the PNS:
The coverings of axons - SUMMARY
CNS versus PNS
Myelinated versus Unmyelinated
Disorders of Myelin:
Multiple Sclerosis
Disorders of Myelin:
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Peripheral nerves
Connective Tissue Investments
(in periphery):
Epineurium
Perineurium
Endoneurium
Peripheral Nerve Fascicle/Bundle (toluidine blue stain)
Peripheral nerve (cross section, osmium stain)
What is myelin made of?
Peripheral nerve fibers stained with osmium
Dorsal root or sensory ganglion: pseudounipolar neurons
Sympathetic Ganglion
Parasympathetic Ganglion
CNS
2 components??
Spinal Cord
White matter of Spinal Cord:
Mostly myelinated or unmyelinated?
PYRAMIDAL cells from CEREBRAL cortex
Golgi silver impregnation method
PURKINJE cells in CEREBELLAR cortex Golgi silver impregnation method
Specialized Receptors
2 Types:
Degeneration and Regeneration of Nerve Tissue
Exam Question:
The Axon Hillock of a Spinal Motor Neuron:
A. Contains an abundance of rER
B. Stains intensely histologicaly
C. Is where the nucleus resides
D. Contains microtubules and neurofilaments
