RES Lectures 11 - 13

Question 1 of 34

1

Which structures make up the upper respiratory tract?

Select one or more of the following:

Larynx
Nose and nasal cavity (paranasal sinuses)
Pharynx
Oesophagus
Trachea

Explanation

Question 2 of 34

1

Select the most appropriate reason for why cartilage is used for the nose.

Select one of the following:

It keeps the nose a patent airway but is flexible enough to take damage without shattering.
Bone would constrict the airway as it is not flexible enough.
If only soft tissue was used, the airway would be obstructed.

Explanation

Question 3 of 34

1

The cartilages of the nose are paired: superiorly, two ❌ cartilages, and inferiorly, the two ❌ cartilages. The alar cartilages are ❌. These cartilages are all separated by a ❌ cartilage.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

lateral

alar

thicker

thinner

septal

Explanation

Question 4 of 34

1

Choose the incorrect statement about structures of the nose.

Select one of the following:

The nasal septum begins as hyaline cartilage and ends as bone.
The posterior nasal apertures (nares) open to the nasal pharynx.
The "roof" is composed of the ethmoid and sphenoid bones.
The "floor" is composed of two palates, a soft palette anteriorly and a hard palette posteriorly.
Turbinates/conchae are on the lateral walls.

Explanation

Question 5 of 34

1

What is the purpose of the turbinates (conchae)?

Select one of the following:

To swirl inspired air and deflect particles to the mucosa.
To direct air into the pharynx to decrease friction/turbulence and increase smooth flow.

Explanation

Question 6 of 34

1

Choose all correct statements referring to the paranasal sinuses.

Select one or more of the following:

There are four sinuses; the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary sinuses
Sinuses lighten the skull
Sinuses help warm and moisten the incoming air
Sinus mucus drains into the larynx.

Explanation

Question 7 of 34

1

The pharynx is a muscular tube with three parts: Nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. Nasopharynx (above the ❌ palate) serves only as an air passage. The ❌ and soft palate prevent food from entering the nasopharynx when swallowing. The mucosa on the posterior wall of the pharynx contains ❌ tissue—the ❌ tonsils (or adenoids).
The oropharynx extends from the soft palate to the ❌ and both food and air pass through it. It contains the ❌ tonsils.
The laryngopharynx, is the region below the epiglottis extending to the ❌, where the respiratory and digestive tracts ❌. During swallowing, food has ‘❌’ over air and breathing is paused.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

soft

uvula

lymphoid

pharyngeal

epiglottis

palatine and lingual

larynx

right of way

diverge

Explanation

Question 8 of 34

1

Which tonsils are commonly infected in children, and which part of the pharynx are they in?

Select one of the following:

The palatine and lingual tonsils in the oropharynx
The palatine and lingual tonsils in the laryngopharynx
The pharyngeal tonsils in the oropharynx
The pharyngeal tonsils in the laryngopharynx

Explanation

Question 9 of 34

1

The epithelium in passages that transport both air and food are lined with a ❌, squamous epithelium. This is to protect the throat from ❌ wear and tear.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

stratified

pseudo-stratified

physical and chemical

physical

Explanation

Question 10 of 34

1

Which of these is not a function of the larynx?

Select one of the following:

Moistening and filtering air for irritating particles
Dividing food from air (epiglottis)
Providing a patent airway
Producing sound and speech

Explanation

Question 11 of 34

1

Choose the correct statement about the larynx.

Select one of the following:

It has 7 cartilages which cover the anterior and lateral surfaces.
It extends from the ethmoid bone to the oesophagus.
It contains the vocal cords.

Explanation

Question 12 of 34

1

Which kind of epithelium would line the areas of the respiratory tract where only air passes through? (respiratory mucosa)

Select one of the following:

Stratified, squamous epithelium
Pseudo-stratified, columnar, ciliated epithelium with goblet cells

Explanation

Question 13 of 34

1

Which part of the nose contains sebaceous and sweat glands, and hair follicles?

Select one of the following:

The vestibule (just above/inside the nostrils)
The soft palate
The roof

Explanation

Question 14 of 34

1

What is an alternate name for the hairs of the nose?

Select one of the following:

Fibrissae
Vibrissae
Follicles

Explanation

Question 15 of 34

1

The nasal cavity is lined with two types of mucosa: olfactory and ❌. The olfactory mucosa lines the slit-like opening ❌ of the nasal cavity, and contains ❌ receptors.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

respiratory

at the roof

on the floor

smell

touch

Explanation

Question 16 of 34

1

Incoming air is warmed by the vascular plexus, a bed of thin walled ❌. If the outside temperature drops then it is sensed and the vascular plexus ❌ to allow greater flow and intensify the heat transfer.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

veins

capillaries

vasodilates

vasoconstricts

Explanation

Question 17 of 34

1

Why might someone experience a runny nose on a cold day?

Select one of the following:

The cilia of stop the respiratory tract stop beating
The mucus is unable to be hydrolysed at low temperatures due to low energy for reactions

Explanation

Question 18 of 34

1

The oesophagus sits anterior to the trachea.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 19 of 34

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the trachea.

Select one of the following:

On the posterior lies the trachealis muscle which is a skeletal muscle.
On the anterior lie C-shaped cartilages
It is lined with respiratory mucosa

Explanation

Question 20 of 34

1

To accomodate for the ❌, which infringes mainly on the left lung, the left main bronchus is positioned more superiorly/at a different, more ❌ angle compared to the right main bronchus. This means that inhaled objects are more likely to fall down your ❌ main bronchus.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

heart

shallow

deep

right

left

Explanation

Question 21 of 34

1

Smokers have to cough to dislodge mucus because their cilia stop beating when exposed to smoke.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 22 of 34

1

The secondary bronchi can also be called:

Select one of the following:

lobar bronchi
segmental bronchi

Explanation

Question 23 of 34

1

What sizes would you expect bronchioles and terminal bronchioles to be?

Select one of the following:

<1mm, <0.05mm
<1mm, <0.5mm
<2mm, <0.05mm
<2mm, <0.5mm

Explanation

Question 24 of 34

1

The primary bronchi begin just outside the lungs.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 25 of 34

1

The intrapulmonary bronchi are the secondary and tertiary bronchi. The secondary bronchi go to the ❌, while the tertiary bronchi go to each ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

lobes

segment

Explanation

Question 26 of 34

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the lung anatomy.

Select one of the following:

The apex of each lung sits by the clavicle.
The costal surface is the outer surface, against the ribs.
The hilum is the medial aspect where structures enter/exit.
The lungs sit in the pleural cavity.

Explanation

Question 27 of 34

1

Which lung has 3 lobes and two fissures?

Select one of the following:

Right
Left

Explanation

Question 28 of 34

1

Select all the correct features of the alveolar wall.

Select one or more of the following:

squamous (flat)
columnar
epithelial
smooth muscle
with basal laminae

Explanation

Question 29 of 34

1

The ❌ surfaces of the alveoli are covered in a fine network of pulmonary capillaries.
The alveolar walls and the capillary walls are joined by the ❌. Together, these structures make the ❌ or 'blood-air barrier'.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

external

internal

basement membrane

respiratory membrane

Explanation

Question 30 of 34

1

Type I pneumocytes are squamous and secrete surfactant; a glycolipid.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 31 of 34

1

What other cells apart from pneumocytes make up the alveolar walls?

Select one of the following:

Macrophages
Goblet cells
Dendrocytes

Explanation

Question 32 of 34

1

What type of glands can be found on the lamina propria (the layer below the respiratory mucosa in the lower respiratory tract)?

Select one of the following:

Serous glands only
Mucous glands only
Mucous and serous glands

Explanation

Question 33 of 34

1

Serous glands secrete a watery fluid containing ❌. Every day a ❌ of fluid is secreted from mucous and serous glands to flush dust and debris out, and the lysozymes within the fluid attack ❌. ❌ which are natural antibiotic proteins are also secreted by epithelial cells.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

enzymes

bacteria

litre

Defensins

Explanation

Question 34 of 34

1

Cartilage support increases as the bronchi decrease in diameter.

Select one of the following:

True
False

	Created by Mer Scott over 7 years ago

HUBS192 (CVS and RES) Quiz on RES Lectures 11 - 13, created by Mer Scott on 08/08/2017.

RES Lectures 11 - 13

Question 1 of 34

Which structures make up the upper respiratory tract?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 34

Select the most appropriate reason for why cartilage is used for the nose.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 34

The cartilages of the nose are paired: superiorly, two ❌ cartilages, and inferiorly, the two ❌ cartilages. The alar cartilages are ❌. These cartilages are all separated by a ❌ cartilage.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 4 of 34

Choose the incorrect statement about structures of the nose.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 34

What is the purpose of the turbinates (conchae)?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 34

Choose all correct statements referring to the paranasal sinuses.

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 34

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 8 of 34

Which tonsils are commonly infected in children, and which part of the pharynx are they in?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 34

The epithelium in passages that transport both air and food are lined with a ❌, squamous epithelium. This is to protect the throat from ❌ wear and tear.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 10 of 34

Which of these is not a function of the larynx?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 34

Choose the correct statement about the larynx.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 34

Which kind of epithelium would line the areas of the respiratory tract where only air passes through? (respiratory mucosa)

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 34

Which part of the nose contains sebaceous and sweat glands, and hair follicles?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 34

What is an alternate name for the hairs of the nose?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 34

The nasal cavity is lined with two types of mucosa: olfactory and ❌. The olfactory mucosa lines the slit-like opening ❌ of the nasal cavity, and contains ❌ receptors.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 16 of 34

Incoming air is warmed by the vascular plexus, a bed of thin walled ❌. If the outside temperature drops then it is sensed and the vascular plexus ❌ to allow greater flow and intensify the heat transfer.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 17 of 34

Why might someone experience a runny nose on a cold day?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 34

The oesophagus sits anterior to the trachea.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 34

Choose the incorrect statement about the trachea.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 34

To accomodate for the ❌, which infringes mainly on the left lung, the left main bronchus is positioned more superiorly/at a different, more ❌ angle compared to the right main bronchus. This means that inhaled objects are more likely to fall down your ❌ main bronchus.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

The ❌ surfaces of the alveoli are covered in a fine network of pulmonary capillaries.
The alveolar walls and the capillary walls are joined by the ❌. Together, these structures make the ❌ or 'blood-air barrier'.