Risk factors:

Lifestyle, social and environmental factors

Cigarette smoking.
Lack of regular physical exercise.
Diet:
- Lack of fruit and vegetables.
- High-fat - the type of fat is important - eg trans fats increase CVD risk.
- Lower intake of omega-3 fatty acids
High alcohol intake (moderate alcohol intake may be protective).
Psychosocial factors
Hypertension.
Diabetes mellitus (probably through mechanisms of hyperglycaemia, lipoprotein abnormalities, and inflammation)
Hyperlipidaemia:
- Raised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and its apolipoproteins (apos) A-I and A-II are protective.
- Raised triglycerides (possibly).
Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity (including metabolic syndrome).
Systemic inflammation - eg, in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, human immunodeficiency virus, systemic sclerosis, vasculitis and periodontitis.

	Created by bessimajamal over 10 years ago

	Copied to Note by bessimajamal over 10 years ago

Note on Atherosclerosis , created by bessimajamal on 10/06/2014.

Atherosclerosis