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2118980
Biology: Genetics Review
Description
Review for my bio test
No tags specified
biology
genetics
alleles
genes
mendel
ap exam
Quiz by
Julia Miranda
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Julia Miranda
over 9 years ago
24
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Resource summary
Question 1
Question
The diploid cell that the sperm and egg make when fertilized is called the...
Answer
Zygote
Homologous chromosome
Meiosis
Question 2
Question
Oogenesis yields...
Answer
4 sperm cells
A zygote
1 egg cell and 3 small polar bodies
Question 3
Question
Spermatogenesis yields...
Answer
1 egg
3 polar bodies
4 similar-sized sperm cells
Question 4
Question
Meiosis is the...
Answer
Replication and division of somatic cells
Replication and division of chromosomes
Replication and division of sex cells
Question 5
Question
One sex cell (1 sperm of 1 egg) is...
Answer
Haploid
Diploid
Question 6
Question
What separates during meiosis I?
Answer
Sister chromatids
Homologous chromosomes
Homozygous alleles
Question 7
Question
What separates during meiosis II?
Answer
Homologous chromosomes
Sister chromatids
Cells
Question 8
Question
What is synapsis?
Answer
The pairing of 2 homologous chromosomes during meiosis
The division of the cytoplasm
Exchange of genetic material
Question 9
Question
What is "crossing over"?
Answer
The pairing of 2 homologous chromosomes
The separation of dominant and recessive alleles
Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes which results in recombinant chromosomes
Question 10
Question
During Metaphase I...
Answer
Homozygous alleles line up
Sister chromatids line up single-file
Homologous pairs line up in the middle
Question 11
Question
During Metaphase II...
Answer
Homologous pairs line up in the middle
Sister chromatids line up single-file
Recessive alleles appear in the phenotype
Question 12
Question
What does meiosis ultimately yield?
Answer
Four sperm cells
2 diploid cells
4 haploid cells
Question 13
Question
What does dominant mean?
Answer
Inherited characteristics which appear in an organism
Inherited characteristics carried by an organism
A genetic disease
Question 14
Question
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Answer
Genotype is the physical or visible characteristics; phenotype is the genetic makeup
Genotype is the sex cells; phenotype is the somatic cells
Genotype is the genetic makeup; phenotype is the visible or physical characteristics
Question 15
Question
What is an allele?
Answer
Another word for gametes (sex cells)
One homologous chromosome
An alternative form of a gene
Question 16
Question
What is the difference between heterozygous and homozygous?
Answer
Homozygous means that the alleles controlling a characteristic are the same; heterozygous means they are different
Homozygous means the alleles controlling a characteristic are different; heterozygous means they are the same
Homozygous means that the chromosomes are defective; heterozygous means they are normal
Question 17
Question
What is a Punnett Square?
Answer
A fun little square you draw when you're bored
A chart that shows different sex cells
A diagram showing all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross between two individuals
Question 18
Question
What is Mendel's Law of Dominance?
Answer
Mendel is the supreme ruler of everyone, especially geneticists
Gene pairs separate during meiosis and recombine randomly at fertilization
Dominant genes mask recessive genes in heterozygous conditions
Question 19
Question
What is Mendel's Law of Segregation?
Answer
Dominant genes mask recessive genes in heterozygous conditions
Jeans of different colors cannot be near each other in your closet
Gene pairs separate during meiosis and recombine randomly at fertilization
Question 20
Question
What is incomplete dominance?
Answer
When genes cannot agree on where to go out to dinner
Pattern of inheritance where neither allele is dominant. Both alleles contribute to the phenotype
When the genotypes do not match the phenotypes
Question 21
Question
What is codominance?
Answer
Pattern of inheritance where neither allele is dominant
Pattern of inheritance where both alleles are dominant
Genetic equality
Question 22
Question
What are multiple alleles?
Answer
When there are multiple alleles for a trait
Where is are at least 10 different alleles for one trait
When one allele is responsible for several different traits
Question 23
Question
Where are linked genes carried?
Answer
One different chromosomes
In different cells
On the same chromosome
Question 24
Question
Where are unlinked genes carried?
Answer
On the same chromosomes and inherited together
On different cells and not even interacting
On different chromosomes and show independent assortment
Question 25
Question
What is a sex-linked trait, and who discovered them?
Answer
A trait which always appears no matter what, discovered by Gregor Mendel
A recessive trait, discovered by Copernicus
Genes that are carried on sex chromosomes, discovered by Thomas H. Morgan
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