Question 1
Question
The occipital condyles interact with the superior facets of which vertebrae?
Answer
-
Atlas
-
Axis
Question 2
Question
What are the equivalents of the lambda and bregma in a neonatal skull?
Answer
-
Anterior fontanelle
-
Posterior fontanelle
-
Anterior suturic site
-
Posterior suturic site
Question 3
Question
The bone that the skull is composed of is made from a ______ casing.
Answer
-
Compact bone
-
Cancellous bone
Question 4
Question
The bone that the skull is composed of is made from a ______ interior.
Answer
-
Compact bone
-
Cancellous bone
Question 5
Question
Sutures are connected by what fibrous substance?
Answer
-
Collagen
-
Fibronectin
-
Elastin
-
Laminin
Question 6
Question
The pterion is the meeting of what four cranial bones?
Answer
-
Parietal
-
Frontal
-
Sphenoid
-
Temporal
-
Occipital
-
Lacrimal
-
Ethmoid
Question 7
Question
What is the feature on the axis vertebrae which helps to allow the atlas and skull to rotate?
Answer
-
Dens
-
Condyle
-
Ramus
-
Body
Question 8
Question
In the myotatic reflex, is the sensory input from the muscle spindle excitatory to the motor neuron in the spinal cord or inhibitory? Why?
Answer
-
Excitatory - this leads to contraction of the muscle which prevents damage that may be caused by stretch of the muscle when excess strain is placed on it.
-
Inhibitory - this leads to absence of excitatory contractory signals and therefore the muscle relaxes. This helps to prevent damage to the muscle.
Question 9
Question
In the reverse myotatic reflex, the golgi tendon organ will send out inhibitory signals to the interneuron to therefore co-ordinate relaxation of the muscle.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 10
Question
In the knee jerk reflex, an inhibitory interneurone leads to relaxation of the quadriceps.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 11
Question
In the crossed extensor reflex, excitatory efferent signals travel to the quadriceps of the leg that is taking body weight.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 12
Question
The jaw jerk reflex is an example of the myotatic reflex in action.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 13
Question
The gag reflex is processed by what cranial nerve?
Answer
-
Hypoglossal
-
Glossopharyngeal
-
Vagus
-
Trigeminal
Question 14
Question
The motor action co-ordinated by CN IX leads to contraction of what muscles?
Answer
-
Laryngeal
-
Tongue
-
Sternocleidomastoid
-
Sternohyoid
Question 15
Question
Sensory afferent information associated with the swallowing reflex travels to what brain centre in the brain stem?
Answer
-
The swallowing centre
-
The masticatory central pattern generator
-
The solitary nucleus
Question 16
Question
Peristalsis is an enteric reflex.
Answer
- True
- False
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