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Science Final Study Guide

Description

Final study guide for 9th grade earth and space science
Caroline Conlan
Quiz by Caroline Conlan, updated more than 1 year ago
Caroline Conlan
Created by Caroline Conlan over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
How are atoms structured?
Answer
  • Electrons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, protons surround nucleus
  • Molecules and neutrons are located in the nucleus, electrons surround nucleus
  • Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, electrons surround nucleus
  • Protons and electrons are located in the nucleus, neutrons surround nucleus

Question 2

Question
How do we determine the mass and number of an atom?
Answer
  • Mass is equal to the number of neutrons in the nucleus, and the number is the sum of protons and electrons.
  • Mass is the sum of protons and neutrons, and the number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.
  • Mass is the sum of electrons and neutrons, and the number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.
  • Mass is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, and the number is the sum of neutrons and electrons.

Question 3

Question
An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
What is an isotope?
Answer
  • Two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei
  • An element with more protons than neutron
  • A pair of valence electrons in an element
  • A group of elements that have the same amount of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 5

Question
What are the different states of matter?
Answer
  • Gas
  • Liquid
  • Vapor
  • Plasma
  • Condensation
  • Solid
  • Volatile

Question 6

Question
A solid can take on shapes of its container.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
A liquid flows easily and is not easily compressible.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
Gases have large spaces between particles and move freely.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
What is Plasma?
Answer
  • Heated to temperatures of 5,000 degrees C
  • Least commonly found state of matter
  • Another word for a gas
  • Collisions knock atoms together that the electrons are knocked away from the atoms
  • Found in Stars, Sun, Lightning, Light Bulbs, and neon signs

Question 10

Question
Mixtures cannot be separated easily.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
What are compounds?
Answer
  • Composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined
  • Composed of multiple atoms of one element that are chemically combined
  • Composed of different elements that are physically combined
  • Composed of multiple atoms of one element that are physically combined

Question 12

Question
What are some special features in identifying a mineral?
Answer
  • inorganic
  • solution
  • solid with a specific chemical composition
  • a definite crystalline structure
  • synthetically produced

Question 13

Question
Field Tests to identify a mineral sample.
Answer
  • Color
  • Lust
  • Texture
  • Streak
  • Weight
  • Size
  • Hardness
  • Cleavage & Fracture
  • Ores
  • Gems

Question 14

Question
What should be on the y-axis of graphs?
Answer
  • Distance
  • Time

Question 15

Question
What should be on the x-axis?
Answer
  • Distance
  • Time

Question 16

Question
What are the causes for a sedimentary rock to turn into a metamorphic rock?
Answer
  • Changed by heat, pressure, and/or chemical action
  • Weathering & Erosion
  • melting and Solidification

Question 17

Question
How do sedimentary Rocks form?
Answer
  • Weathering and Erosion
  • Compaction and Cementation
  • transportation and Deposition
  • Heat and Pressure

Question 18

Question
In what Type of rock can a fossil be found?
Answer
  • Sedimentary
  • Metamorphic
  • Igneous

Question 19

Question
Latitude lines show north & South and include the Equator.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Longitude lines show east & west and the Prime Meridian is 0 degrees.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
How many time zones are there?
Answer
  • 24
  • 6
  • 12
  • 36

Question 22

Question
What is the equator?
Answer
  • 0 degrees latitude
  • 0 degrees longitude
  • 180 degrees longitude
  • 90 degrees latitude

Question 23

Question
Each Longitude line is 15 degrees, how much time is in between?
Answer
  • one hour
  • two hours
  • one day
  • 12 hours

Question 24

Question
The South Pole is at 90 degrees north.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
What type of river is the oldest?
Answer
  • Meandering
  • Braided
  • Anabranching

Question 26

Question
What is the time zone difference between Boston and Denver?
Answer
  • 2 hours
  • 4 hours
  • 1 hour
  • They are in the same time zone

Question 27

Question
What is the energy released during an earthquake?
Answer
  • magnitude
  • intensity
  • seismic waves
  • aftershock

Question 28

Question
Where are you safest during an earthquake?
Answer
  • Under a sturdy table or in a door frame
  • Under a sturdy table or move quickly
  • In a door frame or move quickly

Question 29

Question
The quiet volcano is the shield volcano and it is round with sloping sides
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 30

Question
Which type of volcano is the most explosive?
Answer
  • Composite
  • Shield
  • Cinder Cone

Question 31

Question
What causes volcanoes to explode?
Answer
  • Pressure of gases
  • Shifting of plates

Question 32

Question
Where is the Ring of Fire located?
Answer
  • Outside of the Pacific Ocean
  • Outside of the Atlantic Ocean
  • Outside of the Indian Ocean
  • Outside of the Arctic Ocean
  • Only In Asia
  • Only In America
  • Only In Europe
  • Only In Africa

Question 33

Question
In what time period is the early man formed?
Answer
  • Cenozoic
  • Paleozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • Precambrian

Question 34

Question
What phase of the moon comes after the New Moon
Answer
  • Waxing Crescent
  • Waning Crescent
  • Waxing Quarter
  • Waning Quarter

Question 35

Question
What is a wave's length?
Answer
  • From crest to crest
  • From trough to crest
  • From trough to trough

Question 36

Question
Which has the shortest wave length?
Answer
  • gamma ray
  • UV rays
  • Radio
  • Micro wave
  • Infrared
  • Visible
  • X-Ray

Question 37

Question
Which has the longest wave length?
Answer
  • Radio
  • Microwave
  • Infrared
  • Visible
  • ultraviolet
  • X-ray
  • Gamma ray

Question 38

Question
Freshwater is denser than ocean water.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
What type of clouds create thunderstorms?
Answer
  • cumulonimbus
  • stratus
  • cumulus
  • cirrus
  • stratocumulus

Question 40

Question
In what type of fault does the hanging wall slide down and the foot wall go up?
Answer
  • normal
  • reverse
  • strike-slip

Question 41

Question
What is the epicenter?
Answer
  • the above ground origin of the earhtquake
  • the under ground origin of the earhtquake
  • a break in Earth's crust

Question 42

Question
What is the focus of an earthquake?
Answer
  • the under ground origin of an earthquake
  • the above ground origin of an earthquake
  • a break in Earth's crust

Question 43

Question
Which type of seismic wave is the fastest?
Answer
  • Primary waves
  • Secondary Waves
  • Surface waves

Question 44

Question
What are the three types of seismic waves?
Answer
  • primary
  • secondary
  • surface
  • normal
  • reverse
  • strikeslip
  • transform
  • divergent
  • convergent

Question 45

Question
What are the three types of rivers listed from oldest to youngest?
Answer
  • straight, braided, meandering
  • meandering, braided, straight
  • braided, straight, meandering
  • braided, meandering, straight

Question 46

Question
A contour line is a line on a map joining points of equal height above or below sea level
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 47

Question
How do you know if a rock is fluorescent?
Answer
  • shining a UV light on it
  • putting it in the dark
  • it had bright colors

Question 48

Question
Scratching rocks together determines the hardness
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
There is 180 degrees between each pole and the equator.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
In what hemisphere does the Coriolis effect turn clockwise?
Answer
  • Northern Hemisphere
  • Southern Hemisphere
  • Western Hemisphere
  • Eastern Hemisphere

Question 51

Question
In what hemisphere does the Coriolis effect turn counterclockwise?
Answer
  • Northern Hemisphere
  • Southern Hemisphere
  • Eastern Hemisphere
  • Western Hemisphere

Question 52

Question
What is a space rock called when it enters Earth's atmosphere?
Answer
  • meteor
  • asteroid
  • comet
  • meteorite

Question 53

Question
What type of thunderstorm is created by an extreme change in temperature over land vs water?
Answer
  • seabreeze thunderstorm
  • single cell
  • supercell
  • multicell

Question 54

Question
In which direction does weather often move in the United States?
Answer
  • North to south
  • South to north
  • East to west
  • West to east

Question 55

Question
What occurs when oceanic crust and continental crust collide and the oceanic crust goes under? Pick three.
Answer
  • earthquakes
  • volcano
  • subduction zone
  • mountains
  • island

Question 56

Question
Which zone is below the water table?
Answer
  • Zone of saturation
  • Zone of aeration

Question 57

Question
Which zone is above the water table?
Answer
  • Zone of saturation
  • Zone of aeration

Question 58

Question
What is caused by water expanding when it freezes?
Answer
  • ice wedging
  • cross-cutting
  • glaciers

Question 59

Question
A map legend/key explains what the symbols on the map represent.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 60

Question
What process breaks down rocks?
Answer
  • erosion
  • weathering
  • mass movement

Question 61

Question
What process moves the broken down material on Earth's surface?
Answer
  • weathering
  • erosion
  • mass movement

Question 62

Question
What is the most permeable layer through which water flows easily?
Answer
  • aquifer
  • well
  • bedrock
  • humus

Question 63

Question
If the wind is blowing from the west, which side of the sand dune will be the steepest?
Answer
  • north
  • south
  • east
  • west

Question 64

Question
Which is an example of a mixture?
Answer
  • soup
  • salt
  • sugar
  • water

Question 65

Question
Which of the following is a compound?
Answer
  • water
  • table salt
  • sucrose
  • soil
  • air
  • iron
  • oxygen

Question 66

Question
What are the four agents of erosion?
Answer
  • wind
  • water
  • gravity
  • glaciers
  • sun
  • soil
  • sand

Question 67

Question
What causes erosion and weathering to break down rocks?
Answer
  • mechanical(physical) weathering
  • chemical weathering

Question 68

Question
Soil's A Horizon includes a concentration of organic matter and humus and is dark in color.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 69

Question
Soil's B Horizon is enriched with clay and minerals, is under A horizon, is less-developed and hardpan.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 70

Question
What are some characteristics of the C horizon?
Answer
  • under B horizon
  • above B horizon
  • above solid bedrock
  • below solid bedrock
  • contains weathered plant material
  • contains clay and minerals

Question 71

Question
How do sand dunes form?
Answer
  • from the wind blowing sand
  • sand being washed onto the beach by waves

Question 72

Question
Carrying capacity explains that the faster the flowing wate,r the more the load can take
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 73

Question
What is the load of a stream?
Answer
  • all materials the water carries
  • the volume of the water
  • the velocity of the water in the stream
  • everything in a stream

Question 74

Question
What is a water table?
Answer
  • upper boundary of the zone of saturation
  • ground water flow in permeable layer
  • area surrounding a pumping cell and supplies groundwater to recharge the cell

Question 75

Question
What is the zone of contribution?
Answer
  • upper boundary of the zone of saturation
  • ground water flow in permeable layer
  • area surrounding a pumping cell and supplies groundwater to recharge the cell

Question 76

Question
What does the Richter Scale measure?
Answer
  • magnitude
  • intensity
  • vibrations
  • movement

Question 77

Question
What does the Mercalli Scale measure?
Answer
  • magnitude
  • intensity
  • vibrations
  • movement

Question 78

Question
Where do most volcanos occur?
Answer
  • plate boundaries
  • on land
  • in the ocean
  • the middle of plates

Question 79

Question
Extrusive igneous rocks reach the surface through volcanos and cool quickly.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 80

Question
Intrusive igneous rocks are glassy and have small crystals like obsidian.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 81

Question
What is a hot spot?
Answer
  • unusually hot region's of Earth's mantle where high-temperature plumes of mantle material rise toward the surface
  • where two plates meet and collide and form a volcano
  • Where an active volcano is located
  • concentrated magma in the mantle

Question 82

Question
How were the Hawaiian Islands formed?
Answer
  • from a hot spot
  • plate boundary
  • convection currents

Question 83

Question
Which of the following are part of a wave?
Answer
  • fetch
  • trough
  • crest
  • wave length
  • wave height
  • breaking point
  • backwash
  • swash

Question 84

Question
What happens at the Mid-Ocean Ridge and Earth's crust?
Answer
  • seafloor spreading
  • subduction
  • volcanos
  • earthquakes

Question 85

Question
What is a subduction zone?
Answer
  • Where denser crust sinks back into the asthenosphere
  • Where denser crust sinks back into the lithosphere
  • Where lighter crust sinks back into the asthenosphere
  • Where lighter crust sinks back into the lithosphere

Question 86

Question
There is no difference between oceanic and continental crust.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 87

Question
What are the different types of plate boundaries?
Answer
  • transform
  • convergent
  • divergent
  • normal
  • reverse
  • fault
  • line

Question 88

Question
When plates collide, the denser plate sinks back into the asthenosphere, or if with continents, folded mountains form.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 89

Question
How is geologic time broken down?
Answer
  • era
  • eon
  • period
  • epoch
  • time
  • century
  • decade

Question 90

Question
Super positioning says that the oldest rock layer is on the bottom, and they get older going up.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 91

Question
What is a rock layer that is out of place and a disruption to the order?
Answer
  • unconformity
  • nonconformity
  • index fossil
  • key bed
  • disconformity

Question 92

Question
What is uniformitarianism?
Answer
  • The processes and natural laws that occur on Earth now, have always been at work on the Earth
  • The processes and natural laws that occur on Earth now, have not always been at work on the Earth
  • That every rock layer at the same depth is the same throughout the Earth
  • That every rock layer at the same depth is not the same throughout the Earth

Question 93

Question
Tides on Earth are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 94

Question
What is the amount of salt in minerals in ocean water?
Answer
  • salinity
  • saltiness
  • density
  • sodium levels

Question 95

Question
What is an ocean current?
Answer
  • the large movement of a wave in one direction
  • the rising and falling of sea level

Question 96

Question
What happens in a convection current?
Answer
  • warm air rises, and cold air sinks
  • warm air sinks, and cold air rises

Question 97

Question
How long is a solar year in days? (approximately)
Answer
  • 365
  • 24
  • 12
  • 248
  • 60

Question 98

Question
What type of lava does a shield volcano eject?
Answer
  • rhyolitic
  • basaltic

Question 99

Question
What type of lava does a composite volcano eject?
Answer
  • rhyolitic
  • basaltic

Question 100

Question
What type of lava does a cinder volcano elect?
Answer
  • rhyolitic
  • basaltic

Question 101

Question
What theory is accepted for the origin of our universe?
Answer
  • The Big Bang theory
  • Steady State
  • Creation theory
  • Oscillating universe
  • Eternal inflation

Question 102

Question
A solstice is when the sun reaches the highest or lowest point in the sky at noon, winter and summer solstice are the shortest and longest days.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 103

Question
The day when daytime and night are of approximately equal duration is an equinox.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 104

Question
How can we tell how old a fossil is?
Answer
  • relative dating
  • radioactive dating
  • comparative dating
  • location dating

Question 105

Question
What elements are used for radioactive dating?
Answer
  • Uranium-238
  • Carbon-14
  • Oxygen-10
  • Hydrogen-2

Question 106

Question
Mendeleev is the father of geology
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 107

Question
How important are certain organisms that lived on Earth but no longer live here to geologic time?
Answer
  • They can be found in fossils in rock layers and show how old the rock layer is.
  • They have no importance.
  • They are not shown in old rock layers because they no longer exist.

Question 108

Question
Why is tyrannosaurus rex an important fossil to find? Choose the most important
Answer
  • It is an index fossil to show how old the rock layer is
  • They help us learn about the time of dinosaurs
  • There is no importance

Question 109

Question
What is cross-cutting of rock formations that Hutton discovered?
Answer
  • When one type of rock cuts through other rocks, it had to form after the rocks that it cuts.
  • When one type of rock cuts through other rocks, it had to form before the rocks that it cuts.

Question 110

Question
Rock layering is important in understanding the passing of time in Earth and measuring it, because different layers contain different fossils and types of soil.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 111

Question
How does density affect the movement of warm and cold ocean water?
Answer
  • Warm water rises to the surface and then cold water sinks to the bottom, when heated up this deep water rises and the warm water cools and sinks.
  • Cold water rises to the surface and then warm water sinks to the bottom, when cooled this deep water rises and the cold water warms and sinks.
  • Warm and cool water have the same density and there is no movement between

Question 112

Question
Sparks of electricity from water droplets blowing apart generates lightning in a thunderstorm.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 113

Question
What type of wind moves from California towards New York?
Answer
  • prevailing westerlies
  • prevailing easterlies

Question 114

Question
How does a rain drop form?
Answer
  • water droplets collide and become too heavy for the cloud to hold
  • droplets of water group together

Question 115

Question
What process changes something from a liquid to a gas?
Answer
  • evaporation
  • condensation
  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • sublimation

Question 116

Question
What process changes something from a gas to a liquid?
Answer
  • evaporation
  • condensation
  • conduction
  • convection
  • sublimation

Question 117

Question
What process transfers energy through colliding materials?
Answer
  • evaporation
  • condensation
  • conduction
  • convection
  • sublimation

Question 118

Question
What process transfers energy through the flow of a heated substance?
Answer
  • evaporation
  • condensation
  • conduction
  • convection
  • sublimation

Question 119

Question
What process changes something from a solid to a gas?
Answer
  • evaporation
  • condensation
  • conduction
  • convection
  • sublimation

Question 120

Question
A cold front includes clouds and rain.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 121

Question
A warm front causes thunderstorms.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 122

Question
What are the main stages of the Star Cycle?
Answer
  • nebula
  • protostar
  • star
  • red giant
  • white dwarf
  • gas giants
  • terrestrial
  • planetary nebula

Question 123

Question
Spring tide occurs during a full moon and it has the highest high tide and the lowest low tides.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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