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Pharmacology XI

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Praxis Tests: Pharmacology Quiz on Pharmacology XI, created by ACAPUN INSTITUTE on 08/11/2021.
ACAPUN INSTITUTE
Quiz by ACAPUN INSTITUTE, updated more than 1 year ago
ACAPUN INSTITUTE
Created by ACAPUN INSTITUTE about 3 years ago
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Question 1

Question
For treating most oral infections, penicillin V is preferred to penicillin G because penicillin V
Answer
  • a. Is less allergenic
  • b. Is less sensitive to acid degradation
  • c. Has a greater gram-negative spectrum
  • d. Has a longer duration of action
  • e. Is bactericidal, whereas penicillin G is not

Question 2

Question
The sole therapeutic advantage of penicillin V over penicillin G is
Answer
  • a. Greater resistance to penicillinase
  • b. Broader antibacterial spectrum
  • c. More reliable oral absorption
  • d. Slower renal excretion
  • e. None of the above

Question 3

Question
Which of the following penicillins is administered ONLY by deep intramuscular injection?
Answer
  • a. Ampicillin
  • b. Dicloxacillin sodium
  • c. Penicillin G procaine
  • d. Penicillin V potassium

Question 4

Question
The principal difference among potassium, procaine and benzathine salts of penicillin G is their
Answer
  • a. Potency
  • b. Toxicity
  • c. Duration of action
  • d. Antibacterial spectrum
  • e. Diffusion into the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 5

Question
Which of the following antibiotics is cross-allergenic with penicillin and should NOT be administered to the penicillin-sensitive patient?
Answer
  • a. Ampicillin
  • b. Erythromycin
  • c. Clindamycin
  • d. Lincomycin
  • e. Tetracycline

Question 6

Question
Which of the following antibiotics may be cross-allergenic with penicillin?
Answer
  • a. Neomycin
  • b. Cephalexin
  • c. Clindamycin
  • d. Erythromycin
  • e. All of the above

Question 7

Question
Which of the following antibiotics shows an incidence of approximately 8% cross-allergenicity with penicillins?
Answer
  • a. neomycin
  • b. cephalexin
  • c. bacitracin
  • d. vancomycin
  • e. tetracycline

Question 8

Question
Which of the following groups of antibiotics is related both structurally and by mode of action to the penicillins?
Answer
  • a. Polymyxins
  • b. Cycloserines
  • c. Cephalosporins
  • d. Chloramphenicols

Question 9

Question
For the dentist, the most reliable method of detecting a patient’s allergy to penicillin is by
Answer
  • a. Injecting penicillin intradermally
  • b. Taking a thorough medical history
  • c. Placing a drop of penicillin on the eye
  • d. Having the patient inhale a penicillin aerosol
  • e. Injecting a small amount of penicillin intravenously

Question 10

Question
Which of the following antibiotics is the substitute of choice for penicillin in the penicillin-sensitive patient?
Answer
  • a. Bacitracin
  • b. Erythromycin
  • c. Tetracycline
  • d. Chloramphenicol

Question 11

Question
Most anaphylactic reactions to penicillin occur a. When the drug is administered orally b. In patients who have already experienced an allergic reaction to the drug c. In patients with a negative skin test to penicillin allergy d. When the drug is administered parenterally e. Within minutes after drug administration
Answer
  • a) (a), (b) and (d)
  • b) (b), (c) and (d)
  • c) (b), (d) and (e)
  • c) (b) and (e) only
  • d) (c), (d) and (e)

Question 12

Question
Which of the following penicillins has a broader gram-negative spectrum than penicillin G?
Answer
  • a. Nafcillin
  • b. Ampicillin
  • c. Cephalexin
  • d. Methicillin
  • e. Penicillin V

Question 13

Question
Which of the following penicillins has the best gram-negative spectrum?
Answer
  • a. Nafcillin
  • b. Ampicillin
  • c. Methicillin
  • d. Penicillin V
  • e. Phenethicillin

Question 14

Question
Which of the following antibiotics should be considered the drug of choice in the treatment of infection caused by a penicillinaseproducing staphylococcus?
Answer
  • a. Neomycin
  • b. Ampicillin
  • c. Tetracycline
  • d. Penicillin V
  • e. Dicloxacillin

Question 15

Question
Oral infections caused by organisms that produce penicillinase should be treated with
Answer
  • a. Ampicillin
  • b. Dicloxacillin
  • c. Erythromycin
  • d. Any of the above
  • e. Only (a) or (c) above

Question 16

Question
Which of the following antibiotics is LEAST effective against penicillinase-producing microorganisms?
Answer
  • a. Ampicillin
  • b. Cephalexin
  • c. Methicillin
  • d. Clindamycin
  • e. Erythromycin

Question 17

Question
Which of the following is a bactericidal antibiotic used specifically in the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas species and indole-positive Proteus species?
Answer
  • a. Ampicillin
  • b. Penicillin V
  • c. Tetracycline
  • d. Dicloxacillin
  • e. Carbenicillin

Question 18

Question
Penicillin’s effectiveness against rapidly growing cells is primarily due to its effect on
Answer
  • a. Protein synthesis
  • b. Cell wall synthesis
  • c. Nucleic acid synthesis
  • d. Chelation of metal ions
  • e. Cell membrane permeability

Question 19

Question
Chlortetracycline acts by interfering with
Answer
  • a. Cell wall synthesis
  • b. Nuclear acid synthesis
  • c. Protein synthesis on bacterial but not mammalian ribosomes
  • d. Protein synthesis on mammalian but not bacterial ribosomes

Question 20

Question
The probable mechanism of the bacteriostatic action of sulfonamides involves
Answer
  • a. Disruption of the cell membrane
  • b. Coagulation of intracellular proteins
  • c. Reduction in oxygen utilization by the cells
  • d. Inhibition of metabolism by binding acetyl groups
  • e. Competition with para-aminobenzoic acid in folic acid synthesis

Question 21

Question
The sulfonamides act by
Answer
  • a. Suppressing bacterial protein synthesis
  • b. Inhibiting the formation of the cytoplasmic bacterial membrane
  • c. Inducing the formation of "lethal" bacterial proteins
  • d. Inducing a deficiency of folic acid by competition with paraaminobenzoic acid

Question 22

Question
Which antibiotic is able to achieve a higher concentration in bone than in serum?
Answer
  • a. penicillin
  • b. erythromycin
  • c. clindamycin
  • d. metronidazole
  • e. amoxicillin

Question 23

Question
Tetracycline reduces the effectiveness of concomitantly administered penicillin by
Answer
  • a. Reducing absorption of penicillin
  • b. Increasing metabolism of penicillin
  • c. Increasing renal excretion of penicillin
  • d. Increasing binding of penicillin to serum proteins
  • e. None of the above

Question 24

Question
The action of which of the following drugs will most likely be impaired by concurrent administration of tetracycline?
Answer
  • a. Clarithromycin
  • b. Erythromycin
  • c. Sulfonamide
  • d. Penicillin
  • e. Lincomycin

Question 25

Question
Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to cause liver damage?
Answer
  • a. Streptomycin
  • b. Penicillin G
  • c. Tetracycline
  • d. Cephalosporins
  • e. Amphotericin B

Question 26

Question
Which of the following erythromycins associated with an allergic cholestatic hepatitis?
Answer
  • a. Erythromycin base
  • b. Erythromycin stearate
  • c. Erythromycin estolate
  • d. Erythromycin succinate

Question 27

Question
Which of the following antibiotics is LEAST likely to cause superinfection?
Answer
  • a. Gentamicin
  • b. Tetracycline
  • c. Penicillin G
  • d. Streptomycin
  • e. Chloramphenicol

Question 28

Question
Gastrointestinal upset and pseudomembranous colitis has been prominently associated with
Answer
  • a. Nystatin
  • b. Cephalexin
  • c. Clindamycin
  • d. Polymyxin B
  • e. Erythromycin

Question 29

Question
Symptoms that may be characterized as allergic manifestations during penicillin therapy are
Answer
  • a. Deafness, dizziness and acute anemia
  • b. Crystalluria, nausea, vomiting and anaphylactic shock
  • c. Oliguria, hematuria, bronchoconstriction and cardiovascular collapse
  • d. Dermatitis, stomatitis, bronchoconstriction and cardiovascular collapse

Question 30

Question
Aplastic anemia is a serious toxic effect that occurs particularly after a course of treatment with which of the following antibiotics?
Answer
  • a. Penicillin
  • b. Lincomycin
  • c. Tetracycline
  • d. Streptomycin
  • e. Chloramphenicol

Question 31

Question
Each of the following is a side effect of prolonged tetracycline hydrochloride therapy EXCEPT:
Answer
  • a. Suprainfection
  • b. Photosensitivity
  • d. Discoloration of newly forming teeth
  • e. Gastrointestinal symptoms (when administered orally)

Question 32

Question
Colitis that results following clindamycin therapy is caused by an overgrowth of
Answer
  • a. C. dificile
  • b. Staph aureus
  • c. Pseudomonas
  • d. Candida albicans

Question 33

Question
Which antibiotic is appropriate for premedication in the penicillin allergic patient?
Answer
  • a. Cephalexin
  • b. Clindamycin
  • c. Erythromycin
  • d. Amoxicillin
  • e. Ampiciilin

Question 34

Question
Acyclovir is useful for treating
Answer
  • a. Candidiasis
  • b. Colitis
  • c. Herpes simplex
  • d. HIV
  • e. ANUG

Question 35

Question
A distinct advantage that tetracyclines have over penicillins is that tetracyclines
Answer
  • a. Have no side effects
  • b. Do not cause superinfections
  • c. Are safer to use during pregnancy
  • d. Have a wider range of antibacterial activity
  • e. Produce higher blood levels faster after oral administration

Question 36

Question
Which of the following has the broadest antimicrobial spectrum?
Answer
  • a. Vancomycin (Vancocin )
  • b. Clindamycin (Cleocin )
  • c. Erythromycin (Erythrocin )
  • d. Chlortetracycline (Aureomycin )
  • e. A third generation cephalosporin

Question 37

Question
Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergistic bacteriostatic agents because in bacteria they
Answer
  • a. Both inhibit folic acid synthesis
  • b. Interfere sequentially with folinic acid production
  • c. Are both antimetabolites of para-aminobenzoic
  • d. Are both inhibitors of dihydrofolic acid reductase
  • e. Are both transformed in vivo into a single active compound

Question 38

Question
Which of the following substances is the most effective agent against fungus infections of the mucous membrane?
Answer
  • a. Nystatin ointment
  • b. Undecylenic acid
  • c. Polymyxin ointment
  • d. Saturated magnesium sulfate
  • e. 10 per cent aluminum chloride solution

Question 39

Question
The most desirable property of an antibiotic when used to treat an odontogenic infection is
Answer
  • a. Rapid absorption
  • b. Little allergenicity
  • c. Ability to achieve and maintain adequate concentrations at the site of infection
  • d. Lack of significant binding to plasma proteins
  • e. No effects on drug metabolism

Question 40

Question
Nystatin is of greatest clinical usefulness in treating
Answer
  • a. viral infections
  • b. fungal infections
  • c. spirochetal infections
  • d. Bacterroides infections
  • e. penicillin resistant gram positive infections

Question 41

Question
Which of the following drugs chelates with calcium?
Answer
  • a. Erythromycin
  • b. Polymyxin B
  • c. Tetracycline
  • d. Penicillin G
  • e. Chloramphenicol

Question 42

Question
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of tetracycline antibiotics?
Answer
  • a. Absorption is impaired when taken with antacids
  • b. They predispose to monilial superinfection
  • c. They form a stable complex with the developing tooth matrix
  • d. They have a low tendency for sensitization, but a high therapeutic index
  • e. They are effective substitutes for penicillin prophylaxis against infective endocarditis

Question 43

Question
The concurrent administration of penicillin G and probenecid results in
Answer
  • a. Increased metabolism of penicillin G.
  • b. Increased renal excretion of probenecid
  • c. Decreased renal excretion of penicillin G
  • d. Decreased bactericidal effect of penicillin G
  • e. Increased excretion of probenecid in the feces

Question 44

Question
Interaction between penicillin and probenicid is best described by which of the following mechanisms?
Answer
  • a. competition at the receptor site
  • b. acceleration of drug biotransformation
  • c. alteration in the acid-base balance
  • d. alteration in the rate of renal clearance

Question 45

Question
When broad-spectrum antibiotics are administered with coumarin anticoagulants, the anticoagulant action may be
Answer
  • a. Reduced because of enhanced hepatic drug metabolism
  • b. Reduced because of increased protein-binding
  • c. Increased because of reduction of vitamin K sources
  • d. Increased because of decreased renal excretion of the anticoagulant

Question 46

Question
The therapeutic effectiveness of which of the following drugs will be most affected by concomitant ingestion of antacids?
Answer
  • a. Cephalexin
  • b. Erythromycin
  • c. Tetracycline
  • d. Sulfisoxazole
  • e. Penicillin V

Question 47

Question
Erythromycin should be avoided in the patient taking
Answer
  • a. Aspirin
  • b. Seldane
  • c. Benadryl
  • d. Ibuprofen
  • e. Propranolol
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