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Personality Psychology

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Personality Psychology - Exam Practice Questions
yasmincruse
Quiz by yasmincruse, updated more than 1 year ago
yasmincruse
Created by yasmincruse about 9 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Three broad sets of factors have been identified that contribute to personality differences and similarities between people. These are genetics, ___________ environmental factors and ___________ environmental factors.
Answer
  • phenotypic; genotypic
  • shared; non-shared
  • long-term; short-term
  • positive; negative

Question 2

Question
Raymond Cattell used factor analysis to reduce Gordon Allport’s list of 18,000 words. Cattell argued that there are ______ basic personality traits.
Answer
  • 5
  • 16
  • 7
  • 10

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is NOT one of the “big five” factors in the Five Factor Model of personality?
Answer
  • agreeableness
  • conscientiousness
  • self-actualisation
  • openness to experiences

Question 4

Question
Evolutionary psychology to human behaviour assumes
Answer
  • that sex differences in mate selection have their origins in social structure
  • ) that many of our behaviours are present because in our evolutionary history, these behaviours were helpful or necessary for our species’ survival.
  • that most aspects of our thought or behaviour occur randomly.
  • all of the above

Question 5

Question
Women tend to report that they would be less ___________ if their male partner _________________ than if he ___________________.
Answer
  • jealous; had a sexual relationship with another woman; fell in love with another woman.
  • jealous; fell in love with another woman; had a sexual relationship with another woman.
  • ) happy; had a sexual relationship with another woman; fell in love with another woman.
  • d) happy; fell in love with another woman; had a sexual relationship with another woman.

Question 6

Question
6. Imagine that Francis feels anxious and guilty because she recently stole money from her parents. Then imagine that the next day she criticises her friend for being dishonest when her friend downloads a movie off the internet and doesn’t pay for it. Francis is likely using which defense mechanism?
Answer
  • displacement
  • reaction formation
  • rationalisation
  • projection

Question 7

Question
According to Rogers, believing that others value you based only on intelligence, success, or attractiveness can lead to
Answer
  • existential dread
  • uncoditional positive regard
  • despair
  • conditions of worth

Question 8

Question
A fundamental problem for the trait approach is that
Answer
  • individual differences cannot be measured reliably.
  • situations do not affect behavior
  • people are inconsistent
  • correlational methods do not clearly indicate effect size

Question 9

Question
On Friday, Terence completes the Self- Monitoring Scale and receives a score of 49. On the following Tuesday, he fills out the scale again and receives a score of 28. Terence’s scores on the Self- Monitoring Scale do not appear to be
Answer
  • valid
  • reliable
  • significant
  • free of unwanted biases

Question 10

Question
Reliability is ________ for validity
Answer
  • a necessary and sufficient condition
  • a necessary but not sufficient condition
  • a sufficient condition
  • not at all relevant

Question 11

Question
Creative scientists with many major breakthroughs appear to have
Answer
  • lots of questionable ideas
  • no questionable ideas
  • a few questionable ideas
  • none of the above

Question 12

Question
The Remote Association Test measures ________ thinking and creativity
Answer
  • divergent
  • convergent
  • lateral
  • spatial

Question 13

Question
Artists that employ the experimental method tend to produce their best work through
Answer
  • insight
  • divergent thinking
  • trial and error
  • visions and dreams

Question 14

Question
Which of the following was NOT one of bodily humors?
Answer
  • blood
  • black bile
  • phlegm
  • marrow

Question 15

Question
The neurotransmitter dopamine is associated with systems that
Answer
  • respond to reward
  • generate acute feelings of anxiety.
  • block the effects of opiates
  • generate vertigo.

Question 16

Question
The Big 5 personality traits can be remembered using the acronym _________.
Answer
  • OCEAN
  • CREAM
  • OVERT
  • TRAIT

Question 17

Question
self-esteem is defined as
Answer
  • an emotional evaluation of personal worth
  • the degree to which an individual is valued by group or community
  • conditions of worth
  • all of the above

Question 18

Question
Narcissism is defined as
Answer
  • highly stable self-esteem developed over time
  • exaggerated self-esteem compensating for insecurity.
  • an intergenerational judgment of younger cohorts.
  • Both (b) and (c).

Question 19

Question
The approach to personality test construction that examines a set of correlations among many items in order to identify which items are highly correlated is called the ________ approach.
Answer
  • nomothetic
  • idiographic
  • rational
  • factor analytic

Question 20

Question
Personality assessment refers to
Answer
  • a treatment for personality disorders
  • the analysis and interpretation of genetic markers of personality
  • the measurement of any characteristic pattern of behavior, thought, or emotion.
  • the selection of a group of individuals with the most unique temperaments

Question 21

Question
Cultural psychology is included within the ________ paradigm
Answer
  • behavioural/social learning
  • phenomenological
  • psychoanalytic
  • trait

Question 22

Question
The DSM IV is divided into ________ axes.
Answer
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Question 23

Question
People who have ego- syntonic personality disorders
Answer
  • are accurately aware of their disorder
  • lose their identities.
  • are low in ego control and ego resiliency
  • ) do not think anything is wrong

Question 24

Question
Psychologists following the phenomenological approach
Answer
  • focus on the workings of the unconscious mind and the resolution of internal mental conflict.
  • study how overt behaviour is affected by rewards and punishments.
  • build theoretical models of how people process information.
  • are concerned with our conscious experience of the world and the consequences of having free will.

Question 25

Question
Dollard and Miller’s key idea concerns
Answer
  • defense mechanisms
  • the habit hierarchy
  • behavioural potential
  • reciprocal determinism

Question 26

Question
According to Dollard and Miller, a state of psychological tension that feels good when it is reduced is called
Answer
  • drive
  • a behaviour potential
  • motivation
  • a psychological conflict

Question 27

Question
According to the DSM- IV classification scheme, what are the Cluster B disorders?
Answer
  • histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline
  • narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline
  • histrionic, obsessive- compulsive, and paranoid
  • schizotypal, narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline
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