Neurotransmission

[blank_start]Neurotransmission[blank_end] ism the communication between neurons. It allows messages from the environment to be processed by the [blank_start]brain[blank_end] and messages to be sent to the muscles so that action can occur. There are 2 types of synapses that are involved in the communication between neurons: e[blank_start]xcitatory[blank_end] synapses and i[blank_start]nhibitory[blank_end] synapses

[blank_start]Dendrites[blank_end]: Receives info from the other neurons & transports it to the cell body. [blank_start]Soma[blank_end]: Controls the metabolism and maintenance of the neuron [blank_start]Myelin[blank_end]: The sheath covering the axon, protecting it from other chemical or physical interference [blank_start]Axon terminals[blank_end]: Transmits the Information to the next neuron; the terminal ends have sacs that secrete neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitters are [blank_start]chemicals[blank_end] that transmit information from one neuron to the next. The [blank_start]electrical[blank_end] signal travels down the axon, is converted into a [blank_start]chemical[blank_end] signal (neurotransmitter), travels across the [blank_start]synapse[blank_end] and into the [blank_start]dendrite[blank_end] of the next neuron. This process is called [blank_start]synaptic transmission.[blank_end]

The [blank_start]lock and key[blank_end] process states that neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic neuron will bind with receptors of the postsynaptic neuron, if they fir correctly.

The two main types of neurotransmitters are

Example of excitatory neurotransmitter

Example of inhibitory neurotransmitter

[blank_start]Excitatory[blank_end] neuron: Causes the neurons to fire - When an axon fires the terminal [blank_start]buttons[blank_end] (ends) of the excitatory synapse release a neurotransmitter that excites the postsynaptic neuron, causing it to reach its [blank_start]action potential[blank_end]. - [blank_start]Glutamate[blank_end] is an excitatory neurotransmitter that increases the chance of an action potential being generated. Involved in learning and [blank_start]memory[blank_end]

[blank_start]Inhibitory[blank_end] neurotransmitter: inhibits neuron from firing - In contrast when the inhibitory synapses are activated, the firing rate of the postsynaptic neuron is [blank_start]reduced[blank_end] and sometimes does not fire at all. - [blank_start]GABA[blank_end] has an inhibitory effect on the brain. It decreases the chance of action potential being generated. Regulates [blank_start]anxiety[blank_end].

1/3 of all neurotransmitters in the brain are:

Which neurotransmitter regulates anxiety

Which neurotransmitter is responsible for learning and memory?