Extraction of metals and Rusting Topic 1

What is an alloy?

How does the structure of an alloy improve its strength?

Alloying does not improve the properties of a metal and has a big effect on the reactivity.

[blank_start]Stainless[blank_end] steel is [blank_start]used[blank_end] for cutlery and surgical scalpels but it [blank_start]isn't[blank_end] used for stents to repair damaged arteries.

Lithium is [blank_start]more[blank_end] reactive than copper or zinc because it is [blank_start]found[blank_end] in [blank_start]Group[blank_end] [blank_start]1[blank_end] of the [blank_start]periodic[blank_end] table and is therefore a [blank_start]very[blank_end] reactive metal.

Iron can be [blank_start]displaced[blank_end] from iron oxide by [blank_start]heating[blank_end] strongly with [blank_start]carbon[blank_end]. The carbon becomes [blank_start]oxidised[blank_end] in this reaction. Calcium [blank_start]cannot[blank_end] be extracted in this way because it is [blank_start]more[blank_end] reactive than carbon.

Label the blast furnace.

Which three substances are essential for rusting to take place?

Why does aluminium not corrode as quickly as steel and iron?

Which metal could be used for the sacrificial protection of iron?

The delocalised electrons are free to move in metals and these can carry the charge. Positive ions do not move in metallic bonding.

Almost all metals are [blank_start]malleable[blank_end], which means they can be beaten into [blank_start]shape[blank_end].

Aluminium is also known as [blank_start]bauxite[blank_end]. [blank_start]Bauxite[blank_end] is a [blank_start]reddish[blank_end] brown rock that contains aluminium oxide and [blank_start]impurities[blank_end].

Limestone is added to the [blank_start]blast[blank_end] furnace to [blank_start]remove[blank_end] impurities in the [blank_start]iron[blank_end] ore. This forms [blank_start]slag[blank_end] which can be easily [blank_start]removed[blank_end].