Question 1
Question
Which of these is not a principle function of the basal ganglia
Answer
-
termination of movement
-
initiation of movement
-
maintenance of movement
-
sequencing movement
-
correcting movement
Question 2
Question
The axons of 5B pyramidal cells projects to...
Answer
-
basal ganglia
-
regions of the brainstem
-
hypothalamus
-
ipsilateral cortex
Question 3
Question
Which of these is true about structure of basal ganglia?
Answer
-
The VA/VL thalamus has an excitatory effect on the medial globus pallidus
-
The subthalamic nucleus has an excitatory effect on lateral globus pallidus
-
the striatum has an inhibitory effect on lateral and external globus pallidus
-
the indirect loop is responsible for maintenance of a movement
Question 4
Question
The substantia nigra is inhibitory on striatum.
Question 5
Question
Striatum is responsible for initiating and maintaining motor action.
Question 6
Question
The outflow of the basal ganglia is the [blank_start]globus pallidus[blank_end].
Question 7
Question
The basal ganglia is not involved with...
Answer
-
sequencing movements
-
perceptual habits
-
motor habits
-
movement adjustments
Question 8
Question
During the termination of movement, a rat has a radioactive substance injected into striatum. The animal is sacrificed (RIP) and autoradiography is performed on brain slices. Where would labelled cells be found?
Question 9
Question
HRP is injected into the VA/VL thalamus of a rat. The rat is sacrificed (RIP) and its brain is sliced and the basal ganglia is imaged. Where would the labelled cells be found?
Answer
-
lateral globus pallidus
-
internal globus pallidus
-
cerebral cortex
-
substantia nigra
Question 10
Question
Damage to striatum...
Answer
-
as in hungtington's results in chorea on the contralateral sides
-
unilaterally results in excessive motor activity on contralateral side
-
results in ballistic motor actions on the contralateral side
-
results in resting tremor
Question 11
Question
Which of these is true about the substantia nigra?
Answer
-
damage to the pars reticulata results in parkinson's like deficits
-
the internal globus pallidus excites the substantia nigra
-
damage to substantia nigra produces intention tremor
-
the substantia nigra has an inhibitory and excitatory effect on striatum
Question 12
Question
Which of these is not a result of damage to the substantia nigra?
Answer
-
chorea
-
ballistic motor movement
-
intention tremor
-
dysmetria
-
none of these are true
Question 13
Question
Parkinson's disease is a result of damage to doparminergic receptors on the striatum.
Question 14
Question
The subthalamic side loop and indirect loop have an inhibitory effect on motor output.
Question 15
Question
A rat with left hemiballismus has HRP injected into the affected internal globus pallidus. Which of these is true?
Answer
-
the right substantia nigra will be tagged
-
the right subthalamic nucleus will be tagged
-
the right striatum will be tagged
-
the rat will exhibit a resting tremor
Question 16
Question
The vestibular system and inferior olivary nuclei both send and receive information to and from the cerebellum.
Question 17
Question
Which of these does not receive information from the cerebellum?
Answer
-
inferior olivary nuclei
-
VL thalamus
-
vestibular system
-
red nucleus
Question 18
Question
A cut is made on the right superior cerebellar peduncle. Which of these would be true?
Answer
-
Axons from the left dentate nuclei would degenerate
-
axons from right VL thalamus to motor cortex would degenerate
-
axons going to the right red nucleus would degenerate
-
axons going to the left VL thalamus would degenerate
Question 19
Question
A radioactive substance is injected into the pontine nuclei of a rat. The rat is sacrificed (RIP) and brain slices are imaged. What structures would be tagged?
Answer
-
axons in ipsilateral middle cerebellar penduncle
-
axons in contralateral middle cerebellar peduncle
-
axons on ipsilateral motor cortex
-
axons on contralateral motor cortex
Question 20
Question
HRP is injected into the deep nuclei of the cerebellum of a rat. The rat is sacrificed (RIP) and brain slices are imaged. What structures would not be tagged?
Answer
-
spino-cebellar tract
-
inferior olivary nucleus
-
vestibular nuclei
-
pontine nuclei
-
red nucleus
Question 21
Question
The cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei receive information via the inferior cerebellar peduncle and middle cerebellar peduncle.
Question 22
Question
Niacin deficiency results in degeneration of what structure?
Answer
-
posterior lobe of cerebellum
-
anterior lobe of cerebellum
-
flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum
Question 23
Question
Which region of the cerebellum receives massive input from vestibular system?
Question 24
Question
Loss of coordination in axial musculature may occur due to damage in the neocerebellum.
Question 25
Question
The functional zone that receives the greatest amount of information from the cerebral cortex is the [blank_start]neocerebellum[blank_end].
Question 26
Question
The principal output component of the cerebellum are the deep nuclei.
Question 27
Question
Which of these is true about the basic circuit of the cerebellum?
Answer
-
Granular cells send output to the pontine nuclei and inferior olivary nuclei.
-
Purkinje cells send output to granular cells
-
Deep nuclei receive input from vestibular nuclei and spinocerebellar
-
the cerebellar cortex is facilitatory on the output of the deep nuclei