Question 1
Question
In 2014, there were more countries that were identified as free compared to the total number of countries that are partly free or not free
Question 2
Question
Amartya Sen argues that in the general climate and world opinion, most believe that democratic governance has now achieved the status of being generally right.
Question 3
Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., similar to economic development, there are uniform, historical strategies and policies that countries must follow to achieve democracy.
Question 4
Question
The balance of scholarly opinion suggests, that parliamentary systems tend to produce more consensual outcomes than do presidential systems.
Question 5
Question
The democratic idea fuels political conflicts in even the most durable democracies because a large gap usually separates democratic ideals and the actual functioning of democratic political institutions
Question 6
Question
A careful study finds that, once a country adopts a democratic regime, the odds are that it will endure.
Question 7
Question
Why does the democratic idea fuel political conflicts in even the most durable democracies?
Answer
-
Because politics is about the art of compromise and the average person despises such behavior,
-
Because ideology breeds contempt for the opposition, unlike an authoritarian regime.
-
Because the very nature of democracy allows for political opposition,
-
Because democracies function on the basis of majority will who continuously violate the rights of the minority,
Question 8
Question
Large-scale grassroots action that demands reforms of existing social practices and government policies:
Question 9
Question
The toppling of an authoritarian regime and adopting the rudiments of democracy:
Answer
-
consolidated democracy,
-
transitional democracy
-
evolutionary democracy,
-
developmental democracy.
Question 10
Question
In spite of the fact that the following country has hundreds of millions of people living in dire poverty, it has had a vibrantly functioning democratic system since it became independent:
Answer
-
Argentina
-
Indonesia
-
Norway
-
India
Question 11
Question
In 2014, there were how many countries that could be considered "free” by Freedom House?
Question 12
Question
According to Kesselman, et., al., what are the necessary preconditions for democracy to take root and flourish?
a) secure national [blank_start]___________[blank_end],
b) a stable [blank_start]______[blank_end],
c) a minimum level of _[blank_start]________[blank_end] development
d) widespread acceptance of [blank_start]___________[blank_end] values,
e) agreement on the [blank_start]______[blank_end] of the democratic politics among those
contending for power.
Answer
-
boundaries
-
state
-
economic
-
democratic
-
rules
Question 13
Question
Democracy may appeal to citizens in authoritarian nations because:
a) democratic regimes often rank among the world’s most
stable, [blank_start]________[blank_end], free, and [blank_start]_________[blank_end]
countries.
b) it is born of the human desire for [blank_start]________[blank_end] and [blank_start]_________[blank_end].
Answer
-
affluent
-
cohesive
-
dignity
-
equality
Question 14
Question
Democracy: From the Greek demos (the people) and kratos (rule).
a) A political system featuring: selection to public offices
through free and fair [blank_start]__________[blank_end];
b) the right of all adults to [blank_start]_____[blank_end]; political parties that are free
to compete in elections;
c) government that operates by fair and relatively open
[blank_start]___________[blank_end];
d) political rights and civil [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; an independent judiciary
(court system);
e) civilian control of the [blank_start]_________[blank_end].
Answer
-
democracy
-
vote
-
procedures
-
liberties
-
military
Question 15
Question
Theories focusing on specific features of the political world, such as institutions, policies, or classes of similar events, such as revolutions or elections:
Answer
-
Deductive Reasoning
-
Comparative Advantage
-
Moral Hazard
-
Mid-Level Theories
Question 16
Question
When a state's geographic boundaries coincide with a citizen's collective identity, the resulting formation is called:
Answer
-
state hegemony
-
government legitimacy
-
political integration
-
nation-state
Question 17
Question
A theory that focuses on how individuals act strategically in an attempt to achieve goals that maximize their interests applying deductive and quantitative methods to construct models and general theories of political behavior that they believe can be applied across all types of political systems and cultures:
Question 18
Question
A belief by powerful groups and the broad citizenry that a state exercises rightful authority:
Answer
-
consolidated authority
-
legitimacy
-
integrated hierarchy
-
governmental values
Question 19
Question
The most powerful political institutions in a country, including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government, the police, and armed forces:
Answer
-
the nation
-
the political culture
-
the state
-
the political system
Question 20
Question
The intensification of worldwide interconnectedness associated with the increased speed and magnitude of cross-border flows of trade, investment and finance, and processes of migration, cultural diffusion, and communication:
Question 21
Question
An approach that gives priority to government regulation over the economy:
Answer
-
Mercantilism
-
Supply-side
-
Liberatarianism
-
Keynesianism
Question 22
Question
Neoliberalism emphasizes:
Answer
-
government ownership of the utilities industry and other monopolistic enterprises,
-
the need for establishing a social safety net for individuals suffering from the vagaries of the free market.
-
extensive government regulation over key sectors of the economy,
-
the importance of market-friendly policies,
Question 23
Question
The ancient philosopher who analyzed and compared the city-states of Greece in the fourth century BCE according to whether they were ruled by a single individual, a few people, or all citizens:
Answer
-
Socrates
-
Plato
-
Cicero
-
Aristotle
Question 24
Question
The following involves comparing domestic political institutions, processes, policies, conflicts, and attitudes in different countries:
Answer
-
comparative politics
-
international relations
-
public policy
-
publican theory
Question 25
Question
There are approximately, how many countries in the world today?
Answer
-
just about 300 countries
-
more than 200 countries
-
about 126 countries
-
less than 136 countries
Question 26
Question
The hostile relations that prevailed between the United States and the Soviet Union from the late 1940s until the demise of the USSR in 1991:
Answer
-
the Korean Conflict
-
the Cuban Missile Crisis
-
the Vietnam War
-
the Cold War
Question 27
Question
An exclusive international club of the most industrialized nations in the world that deals with both economic and political issues is referred to as:
Question 28
Question
Under the leadership of Vladimir Putin, the following region was incorporated into Russia:
Answer
-
Siberia
-
Crimea
-
Latvia
-
Estonia
Question 29
Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., “an important historical moment when political actors make critical choices, which shape institutions and future outcomes” is referred to as:
Answer
-
conducive events
-
historical centerpiece
-
critical juncture
-
cognizant alignment
Question 30
Question
Kesselman, et. al., refers to the groups with which people identify, including gender, class, race, region, and religion, and which are the “building blocks” for social and political action:
Answer
-
holistic approach
-
collective identities
-
consolidated analysis
-
apex hypothesis
Question 31
Question
In spite of the bad economic times, young people and middle-age workers are cooperating with one another to find solutions to the serious economic troubles afflicting the United States.
Question 32
Question
According to Kesselman, et. al, the study of comparative politics requires that analysts focus on a single national perspective and avoid the role of trade, mass communication, and culture because it detracts from the goal at hand.
Question 33
Question
Political analysis, argues Kesselman, et. al., requires more than blogging, talking-head debates but involves both a longer historical context and a framework for understanding unfolding developments.
Question 34
Question
There is little difference between the study of international relations and comparative politics, argue Kesselman, et. al.
Question 35
Question
Kesselman, et. al. argue that there is no reason to include the study of the United States within the field of comparative politics.
Question 36
Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., because of the rise of globalization and the increased role of international economic competition and integration, countries are no longer the fundamental building blocks in analyzing most political activity.
Question 37
Question
The comparative approach principally analyzes similarities and differences among countries by focusing on selected political institutions and processes.
Question 38
Question
Although comparativists direct their attention to the roles of the legislature, executive, political parties and court systems, they avoid specialty areas, such as education or the environment.
Question 39
Question
In comparative politics, the state refers to the key political institutions responsible for making, implementing, and adjudicating important policies in a country.
Question 40
Question
In authoritarian states, political legitimacy is not greatly affected by the state’s inability to “deliver the goods” to its people through poor economic performance because coercion and threats of force compel the population to accept their condition, argues Kesselman, et. al.
Question 41
Question
Because countries are the basic building blocks in politics and because states are the most significant political organizations within countries, these are two critical units for comparative analysis.
Question 42
Question
Kesselman, et. al., argue that states dwarf other influential actors, such as transnational corporations, in the exercise of power that matters.
Question 43
Question
The authors believe that the wide array of international organizations and treaties do not challenge the sovereign control of national governments within their own territories.
Question 44
Question
A country’s political borders can and do protect its citizens from global warming, environmental pollution, or infectious diseases that come from abroad.
Question 45
Question
The fundamental purpose of the World Trade Organization (WTO) is to lower or remove barriers to free trade.
Question 46
Question
Whenever the IMF provides financial or technical assistance to a country, it does so without any strings attached if it is identified as a Third World country.
Question 47
Question
The success of states in maintaining sovereign authority and control over their people is greatly affected by their ability to ensure that enough goods are produced and services delivered to satisfy the needs and demands of their populations.
Question 48
Question
China’s stunning success in promoting economic development has not generated much support for the communist regime in that country.
Question 49
Question
Political scientist Adam Przeworski and colleagues have concluded, after an exhaustive comparison of the economic performance of democratic and authoritarian states, that democratic systems are better at achieving superior economic performance.
Question 50
Question
What distinguishes gross domestic product (GDP) from gross national product (GNP) is the latter (GNP) takes into considering GDP plus income earned abroad by the country’s residents.
Question 51
Question
The GDP of a country is a useful measure because it takes into account the population and its quality of life.
Question 52
Question
The United States not only has by far the largest economy in the world and but also has the highest per capita income as well.
Question 53
Question
India has a higher per capita income than China.
Question 54
Question
A treaty among the United States, Mexico, and Canada implemented on January 1, 1994, that largely eliminates trade barriers among the three nations and establishes procedures to resolve trade disputes:
Question 55
Question
An example of a non-governmental organization (NGO) that plays a crucial role in the world of politics:
Question 56
Question
What was an important reason for the rejection of communism and the disintegration of the Soviet Union and its allies in Eastern Europe in 1989?
Question 57
Question
Refers to the interaction between politics and economics, that is, to how government actions affect economic performance and how economic performance in turn affects a country’s political processes:
Question 58
Question
These countries have been referred to as “economic miracles” by comparativists:
Answer
-
India, Bangladesh, Pakistan
-
Turkey, Greece, Estonia
-
Japan, Taiwan, South Korea
-
Poland, Romania, Hungary
Question 59
Question
A policy promotes ecologically sound ways to modernize the economy and raise the standard of living:
Question 60
Question
The total of all goods and services produced within a country that is used as a broad measure of the size of its economy:
Question 61
Question
The following takes into account the real cost of living in a particular country by calculating how much it would cost in the local currency to buy the same “basket of goods” in different countries:
Answer
-
sustainable economic integration
-
purchasing power parity
-
per capita economic equality
-
economic equality proliferation
Question 62
Question
Although China is ranked second in the world, in terms of Gross Domestic Product, it falls to 120th out of 227 economies because its GDP per capita is:
Answer
-
$3,200
-
$9,800
-
$12,300
-
$16,800
Question 63
Question
The level of economic development and citizens’ standard of living in different countries
Answer
-
gross demand product per capita
-
gross annual product per capita
-
gross productivity per person
-
gross domestic product per capita
Question 64
Question
Institutional design refers to:
a) the relationships between [blank_start]__________[blank_end], [blank_start]____________[blank_end], and
judicial branches of government and
b) between the [blank_start]_________[blank_end] government and [blank_start]____________[blank_end] units
such as states in the United States.
Answer
-
executive
-
legislative
-
national
-
subnational
Question 65
Question
The International Monetary Fund (IMF):
a) is the global institution with a [blank_start]________[blank_end] to
b) foster global monetary [blank_start]____________[blank_end], secure financial stability,
facilitate international [blank_start]______[blank_end], promote high employment
and sustainable economic growth, and reduce [blank_start]________[blank_end].
Answer
-
mandate
-
cooperation
-
trade
-
poverty
Question 66
Question
The Social Progress Index (SPI) is derived from twelve measures such as
a) shelter, [blank_start]_______[blank_end] and wellness,
b) [blank_start]__________[blank_end] sustainability,
c) personal [blank_start]________[blank_end] and
d) choice, and [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and inclusion.
Answer
-
health
-
ecosystem
-
freedom
-
tolerance
Question 67
Question
Why is it more beneficial to use exchange rates based on purchasing power parity (PPP) when comparing the standard of living in a particular country?
a) Because PPP takes into account the real [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]___[blank_end] [blank_start]_______[blank_end] in a
particular country
b) by calculating how much it would cost in the local currency to
buy the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] basket of goods in [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
countries;
c) Many scholars think that PPP provides a relatively reliable
(and revealing) tool for comparing the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] of an
economy
among countries.
Answer
-
cost
-
of
-
living
-
same
-
different
-
size
Question 68
Question
In scarcely more than twenty years, we have
a) witnessed the collapse of the [blank_start]_______[blank_end] [blank_start]_____[blank_end] in 1989,
b) which ushered in the end of the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]____[blank_end] era;
c) the attack on the [blank_start]______[blank_end] [blank_start]______[blank_end] [blank_start]_______[blank_end] towers in 2001,
d) ushering in a new era of global insecurity in the face of
mounting [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; and
e) the [blank_start]______[blank_end] [blank_start]__________[blank_end] of 2008, which threw the global
economy into a tailspin, heightened political conflict, and
widespread anxiety about the future.
Answer
-
Berlin
-
Wall
-
Cold
-
War
-
World
-
Trade
-
Center
-
terrorism
-
Great
-
Recession
Question 69
Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., what were the five important critical junctures in recent history?
a) 1989, which symbolizes the end of the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]____[blank_end], and a wave
of capitalist democracies that replaced the
former East versus
West divisions
b) September 11, 2001, which reframes globalization, shifting
attention away from the development gap to
[blank_start]__________[blank_end],
security, and the use of force;
c) 2008, a year that ushered in intense [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and economic
crisis around the world;
d) 2011, when [blank_start]____[blank_end]-[blank_start]__________[blank_end] movements toppled repressive
regimes in North Africa and the Middle East, and Japan
was
rocked by a severe earthquake;
e) 2014, when a resurgent Russia, under the increasingly
authoritarian leadership of Vladimir [blank_start]______[blank_end], annexed the
Crimea and violated the sovereignty of [blank_start]________[blank_end].
Answer
-
Cold
-
War
-
terrorism
-
financial
-
pro
-
democracy
-
Putin
-
Ukraine
Question 70
Question
What are the four themes incorporated by Kesselman, Krieger and Joseph, in analyzing comparative politics?
a) The globalizing world of [blank_start]_______[blank_end],
b) Governing the [blank_start]________[blank_end],
c) The [blank_start]__________[blank_end] idea,
d) The politics of [blank_start]___________[blank_end] identities.
Answer
-
states
-
economy
-
democratic
-
collective
Question 71
Question
What are the policies followed by the Keynesian approach to regulating the economy for achieving stable economic growth?
a) During a recession, state budget [blank_start]_________[blank_end] are used to expand
demand in an effort to boost both consumption
and
investment, and to create [blank_start]___________[blank_end].
b) During periods of high growth when [blank_start]__________[blank_end] threatens,
cuts in [blank_start]___________[blank_end] spending and
c) a tightening of [blank_start]_______[blank_end] are used to reduce demand.
Answer
-
deficits
-
employment
-
inflation
-
government
-
credit
Question 72
Question
Countries are:
a) distinct, politically defined [blank_start]____________[blank_end]
b) that encompass [blank_start]____________[blank_end],
c) composed of political [blank_start]_____________[blank_end],
d) as well as cultures, economies, and [blank_start]___________[blank_end] identities.
Answer
-
territories
-
governments
-
institutions
-
collective
Question 73
Question
One widely-used approach in doing comparative analysis involves developing causal theories:
a) [blank_start]___________[blank_end] that can be expressed formally in a causal mode:
b) “If X happens, then Y will be the [blank_start]_______[blank_end].”
c) Such theories include factors (the [blank_start]____________[blank_end] variables,
symbolized by X)
d) that are believed to influence some outcome (the [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
variable, symbolized by Y) that the analyst wants
to explain.
Answer
-
___________
-
result
-
independent
-
dependent
Question 74
Question
In many long-established democracies, the importance of identities based on class membership has declined, although economically-based sources of collective identity do remain significant in influencing citizens’ party affiliation and preferences about economic policy
Question 75
Question
Identity-based conflicts appears to have disappeared with the rise of the nation-state and modernity.
Question 76
Question
Politics in democratic regimes involves a tug of war among groups over relative power and influence, both symbolic and substantive.
Question 77
Question
According to Alfred Stepan, there are many states in the entire world that are relatively homogeneous nation-states.
Question 78
Question
Religion is the one area where the collective identity of a group tends to minimize conflicts.
Question 79
Question
The meaning of democracy has rarely, if ever, been a contentious issue because political scientists have formulated some very clear-cut and precise conditions for the lay person and social scientists to embrace.
Question 80
Question
The Chinese Communist Party monopolizes most decision making, and its leaders are chosen by self-selection rather than popular election.
Question 81
Question
In Iran, a theocratic authoritarian regime, there are no contested multiparty elections allowed by the Islamic clergy.
Question 82
Question
Ever since democracy was restored in 1984, following a period of harsh military rule, Brazil has compiled a solid record of democratic practice.
Question 83
Question
For all of the problems that Putin has generated in Russia, there is one area where democracy holds true; that is, there are open and fair elections with multi-party competition.
Question 84
Question
Solidarities based on the shared experience of work or, more broadly, economic position refers to:
Answer
-
religious affiliation
-
ethnic cohesion
-
social class
-
nationalism
Question 85
Question
We now know that the formation of group attachments and the interplay of politically relevant collective identities are:
Answer
-
far more complex and uncertain
-
more willing to peaceably and pragmatically pursue their interests
-
uniquely interspersed with other more reliable institutions
-
strictly tied to the formation of the state
Question 86
Question
The following country was carved out by colonial powers putting ethnic groups together with little regard to preexisting collective identities:
Answer
-
Japan
-
Nigeria
-
Turkey
-
Russia
Question 87
Question
One of the primary reasons for the attacks of 9/11 by Al Qaeda against the U.S. was:
Answer
-
the first war with Iraq
-
the support for a Lebanese outside military force headed by the Syrians
-
the daily propaganda by Al Jazeera and other Arab media that whipped up anti-American hostility
-
the stationing of Western military forces in what is regarded as sacred territory
Question 88
Question
The use of power, particularly by the state, to allocate some kind of valued resource among competing groups.
Answer
-
egalitarian politics
-
welfare state
-
distributional politics
-
affirmative action
Question 89
Question
He wrote that the ruling ideas of an age are the ideas of the ruling class—in other words that those with power and wealth shape the values in a society
Answer
-
John Stuart Mill
-
Karl Marx
-
Benjamin Franklin
-
Winston Churchill
Question 90
Question
A method of classifying by using criteria that divide a group of cases into smaller cases with common characteristics:
Answer
-
Hypothesis
-
Typology
-
Nomenclature
-
Model
Question 91
Question
Approximately, how many countries are there in the world today?
Answer
-
about 100
-
less than 120
-
more than 200
-
more than 270
Question 92
Question
Democratic political systems that have been solidly and stably established for an ample period of time and in which there is relatively consistent adherence to the core democratic principles:
Answer
-
Consolidated Democracy
-
Operatic Liberty
-
Systematic Confederation
-
Democratic Centralism
Question 93
Question
Countries whose political systems exhibit some democratic and some authoritarian elements:
Question 94
Question
The richest 1 percent of Americans own how much of all U.S. wealth?
Answer
-
one-tenth
-
one-quarter
-
one-third
-
one-half
Question 95
Question
A system of rule in which power depends not on popular legitimacy but on the coercive force of the political authorities:
Answer
-
Unitary
-
Authoritarian
-
Federalism
-
Confederation
Question 96
Question
The authors consider the following country a consolidated democracy:
Answer
-
India
-
Brazil
-
Cuba
-
Vietnam
Question 97
Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., what are the conditions that define a democracy?
a) it requires the right of [blank_start]________[blank_end]
b) it requires an independent [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
c) it requires substantial [blank_start]_______[blank_end] equality
d) it requires some [blank_start]_________[blank_end] of the [blank_start]_________[blank_end] field
Answer
-
privacy
-
judiciary
-
gender
-
leveling
-
economic
Question 98
Question
The term authoritarianism refers to political systems in which
a) power (or authority) is highly concentrated in a single
[blank_start]___________[blank_end],
b) a small group of [blank_start]_______[blank_end], or
c) a single [blank_start]__________[blank_end] [blank_start]______[blank_end], ethnic group, region, or
d) [blank_start]____________[blank_end].
Answer
-
individual
-
people
-
political
-
party
-
institution
Question 99
Question
A according to the Chinese Communist Party, the political system of the People’s Republic of China is:
a) based on “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] democracy,”
b) which it claims is superior to the “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] democracy” of
capitalist countries
c) that favors the interests of [blank_start]__________[blank_end] citizens.
Answer
-
socialist
-
bourgeois
-
wealthier
Question 100
Question
Since Vladimir Putin’s reelection as president in 2012, the Russian government has engaged in numerous undemocratic practices including:
a) arbitrary [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and
b) rigged [blank_start]_______[blank_end] of opponents,
c) repeated violations of the [blank_start]_____________[blank_end], and
d) extensive political [blank_start]___________[blank_end].
Answer
-
detention
-
trials
-
constitution
-
corruption