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Chapter 3

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Astronomy
Ryan Tram
Quiz by Ryan Tram, updated more than 1 year ago
Ryan Tram
Created by Ryan Tram almost 8 years ago
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Question 1

Question
In 1054 CE, the Chinese recorded a very interesting and powerful cosmic event. What was this event?
Answer
  • a star merger
  • a supernova
  • a galactic collapse
  • simultaneous solar and lunar eclipses

Question 2

Question
What did Eratosthenes measure very accurately?
Answer
  • the size of the Earth
  • the length of the year
  • the distance to the Moon
  • the length of the month

Question 3

Question
Who were the two great authorities of Greek astronomy?
Answer
  • Aristotle and Ptolemy
  • Julius Caesar and Aristotle
  • Columbus and Ptolemy
  • Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar

Question 4

Question
Whose writings became so famous that he was known throughout the Middle East simply as “The Philosopher”?
Answer
  • Ptolemy
  • Eratosthenes
  • Aristotle
  • Hipparchus

Question 5

Question
Which of the following statements reflects beliefs that were almost universally held in pre-Copernican astronomy?
Answer
  • The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Earth
  • The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Sun
  • The Sun was at the centre of the universe
  • The Earth was at the centre of the universe

Question 6

Question
In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?
Answer
  • It is observable for planets located between the Earth and the Sun
  • It is observable for planets more distant from the Sun than the Earth
  • It is only observable for the Moon
  • It is observable for all planets

Question 7

Question
You are observing the night sky from Mars. In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?
Answer
  • It is observable for planets more distant from the Sun than Mars
  • It is observable for planets located between Mars and the Sun
  • It is only observable for Earth and Venus
  • It is observable for all planets

Question 8

Question
What is the term for the apparent westward motion of a planet in the sky compared to the background stars (as viewed from the Earth) when observed on successive nights?
Answer
  • epicycle
  • retrograde motion
  • prograde motion
  • heliocentric motion

Question 9

Question
What is parallax?
Answer
  • the apparent motion of an object due to the motion of the observer
  • the distance between two straight lines
  • the small circle that the planets slid along in Ptolemy’s geocentric universe
  • the distance between two foci of an ellipse

Question 10

Question
Why did ancient astronomers believe that the Earth did not move?
Answer
  • because they could not detect parallax
  • because they believed in circular motion
  • because all observable planets follow retrograde motion
  • because parallax is only detectable during the day

Question 11

Question
In Ptolemy’s view of the universe, what is at the centre of a planet’s epicycle?
Answer
  • the Sun
  • the Earth
  • the deferent
  • the equant

Question 12

Question
Which of the following astronomers described the universe in a way that matches the diagram?
Image:
856e9055-b6b0-4c5c-82b2-9255cd674a2e (image/png)
Answer
  • Kepler
  • Ptolemy
  • Copernicus
  • Galileo

Question 13

Question
What was the greatest inaccuracy in Copernicus’s model of the solar system?
Answer
  • that the planets travelled in circular orbits with uniform motion
  • that the planets travelled on epicycles, the centers of which followed orbits around the Sun
  • that the planets travelled in elliptical orbits
  • that the planets were allowed to travel backwards in their orbits

Question 14

Question
Which of the following objects cannot transit (i.e. pass in front of) the Sun, as seen from Jupiter?
Answer
  • Mercury
  • Venus
  • Mars
  • Saturn

Question 15

Question
What was Tycho Brahe’s greatest contribution to astronomy?
Answer
  • his model of the universe
  • his telescopic observations
  • his discovery of three laws of motion
  • his 20 years of careful observations of the planets

Question 16

Question
What two numbers tell us the size and shape of an ellipse
Answer
  • radius, eccentricity
  • radius, deferent
  • semi-major axis, deferent
  • semi-major axis, eccentricity

Question 17

Question
The orbit of planet A has an eccentricity of 0.5 and the orbit of planet B has an eccentricity of 0.01. What can be said about the shape of the orbits of these two planets?
Answer
  • Planet A has a nearly circular orbit
  • The orbit of planet A is more elongated than the orbit of planet B
  • The orbit of planet B is more elongated than the orbit of planet A
  • There is not enough information to say anything meaningful about the shape of either orbit

Question 18

Question
Which of the following masses exert higher gravitational force on each other?
Answer
  • M=2------------------m=2
  • M=2------------------m=1
  • M=2------------------m=8

Question 19

Question
Which of the following masses exert smaller gravitational force on each other?
Answer
  • M=2------------------m=2
  • M=2------------------m=1
  • M=2------------------m=8

Question 20

Question
Which of the following masses exerts the largest gravitational force on mass M?
Image:
e3980e52-1765-42c2-ac79-73b9e85f8984 (image/png)
Answer
  • Blue and Gray
  • Gray and Green
  • Gray and Red
  • Gray and Yellow

Question 21

Question
A hypothetical solar system has planets evenly spaced in circular orbits from the sun in the following distances and with the following masses, that they are given in terms with the mass of Jupiter MJ. Which of the following planets exerts the larger gravitational force of the star.
Image:
def59c82-5dbc-4e79-a060-4a63ecba65ff (image/png)
Answer
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Question 22

Question
Given its orbital period of 76 years, what is the average distance of Comet Halley from the Sun?
Answer
  • 18 AU
  • 38 AU
  • 54 AU
  • 114 AU

Question 23

Question
An object has been located orbiting the Sun at a distance of 65 AU. What is the approximate orbital period of this object?
Answer
  • 8.1 years
  • 65 years
  • 524 years
  • 4225 years

Question 24

Question
On average, Saturn is 10 AU from the Sun. What is the approximate orbital period of Saturn?
Answer
  • 10 years
  • 32 years
  • 1000 years
  • 3200 years

Question 25

Question
The orbit of the planet Jupiter is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. What is located at the other focus?
Answer
  • the Earth
  • the asteroid belt
  • Saturn
  • nothing

Question 26

Question
The orbit of the Moon is an ellipse with the Earth at one focus. What is located at the other focus?
Answer
  • nothing
  • the asteroid belt
  • comets
  • the Sun

Question 27

Question
A comet is found in a highly elliptical orbit with a semi-major axis equal to one astronomical unit (AU). According to Kepler’s third law of planetary motion, what would the sidereal period of this comet be?
Answer
  • It would be more than one year.
  • It would be one year.
  • It would be less than one year.
  • It would be 76 years; the same for every comet.

Question 28

Question
At perihelion the gravitational force of the sun exerted on the Earth is the following equation. What is the force exerted on the sun by the Earth?
Image:
cf152a0c-268f-4603-84ea-1c3ba0cc21d9 (image/png)
Answer
  • Larger
  • The same
  • Smaller

Question 29

Question
At which position (A, B, C) is the gravitational force of the Earth on the spaceship (green capsule) going to the Moon is the greatest?
Image:
5632ba4b-7a71-4fdb-a96a-398cc387fb6c (image/png)
Answer
  • A
  • B
  • C

Question 30

Question
An object moves in a straight line at a constant speed. Which number of forces could not act on the object?
Answer
  • 0
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

Question 31

Question
What does the orbital velocity of an object with respect to the distance does?
Answer
  • Stays the same
  • Deceases
  • Inceases

Question 32

Question
Would your mass and weight change if you went to the Moon?
Answer
  • Weight would change but mass would not
  • Mass would change but weight would not
  • Both would change
  • Neither would change

Question 33

Question
At which lunar phase(s) are tides at their lowest?
Answer
  • both new Moon and first quarter Moon
  • both first quarter Moon and third quarter Moon
  • new Moon
  • full Moon

Question 34

Question
If Mars rises approximately the same time as a particular star. If Mars is in normal prograde motion at what time Mars will rise next night?
Answer
  • Same time as the star
  • Earlier than the star
  • Later than the star

Question 35

Question
A planet orbits a planet in a circular orbit. How many forces are acting on the planet?
Answer
  • 0
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
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