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Biology 5A: Test Your Understanding (1)

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Chapters: 1-8
Jade P
Quiz by Jade P, updated more than 1 year ago
Jade P
Created by Jade P almost 8 years ago
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Question 1

Question
All the organisms on your campus make up Which of the following is a correct sequence of levels in life’s hierarchy, proceeding downward from an individual animal?
Answer
  • an ecosystem.
  • a community.
  • a population.
  • a taxonomic domain.

Question 2

Question
Which of the following is a correct sequence of levels in life’s hierarchy, proceeding downward from an individual animal?
Answer
  • organism, brain, organ system, nerve cell
  • organ system, nervous tissue, brain, nerve cell
  • organism, organ system, tissue, cell, organ
  • nervous system, brain, nervous tissue, nerve cell

Question 3

Question
Which of the following correctly list the levels of biological organization from largest to smallest?
Answer
  • Organelles → Cells → Tissues → Organs & Organ Systems → Organisms → Populations → Communities → Ecosystems → Biosphere
  • Cells → Tissues → Organelles → Organs & Organ Systems → Organisms → Populations → Communities → Ecosystems → Biosphere
  • Biosphere → Ecosystems → Communities → Populations → Organisms → Organs & Organ Systems → Tissues → Molecules → Cells → Organelles
  • Biosphere → Ecosystems → Populations → Communities → Organisms → Organs & Organ Systems → Tissues → Molecules → Cells → Organelles
  • Biosphere → Ecosystems → Populations → Communities → Organisms → Organs & Organ Systems → Organelles → Molecules → Tissues → Cells

Question 4

Question
In the term trace element, the adjective trace means that
Answer
  • the element is required in very small amounts.
  • the element can be used as a label to trace atoms through an organism’s metabolism.
  • the element is very rare on Earth.
  • the element enhances health but is not essential for the organism’s long-term survival.

Question 5

Question
Compared with 31 P, the radioactive isotope 32 P has
Answer
  • a different atomic number.
  • one more proton.
  • one more electron.
  • one more neutron.

Question 6

Question
The reactivity of an atom arises from
Answer
  • the average distance of the outermost electron shell from the nucleus.
  • the existence of unpaired electrons in the valence shell.
  • the sum of the potential energies of all the electron shells.
  • the potential energy of the valence shell.

Question 7

Question
Which statement is true of all atoms that are anions?
Answer
  • The atom has more electrons than protons.
  • The atom has more protons than electrons.
  • The atom has fewer protons than does a neutral atom of the same element.
  • The atom has more neutrons than protons.

Question 8

Question
Which of the following statements correctly describes any chemical reaction that has reached equilibrium?
Answer
  • The concentrations of products and reactants are equal.
  • The reaction is now irreversible.
  • Both forward and reverse reactions have halted.
  • The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Question 9

Question
We can represent atoms by listing the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons—for example, 2p + , 2n 0 , 2e - for helium. Which of the following represents the 18 O isotope of oxygen?
Answer
  • 7p + , 2n 0 , 9e -
  • 8p + , 10n 0 , 8e -
  • 9p + , 9n 0 , 9e -
  • 10p + , 8n 0 , 9e -

Question 10

Question
The atomic number of sulfur is 16. Sulfur combines with hydrogen by covalent bonding to form a compound, hydrogen sulfide. Based on the number of valence electrons in a sulfur atom, predict the molecular formula of the compound.
Answer
  • HS
  • HS2
  • H2S
  • H4S

Question 11

Question
What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the products? C 6 H 12 O 6 -----> ____ C 2 H 6 O + ____ CO 2
Answer
  • 2;1
  • 3;1
  • 1;3
  • 2;2

Question 12

Question
Draw Lewis dot structures for each hypothetical molecule shown below, using the correct number of valence electrons for each atom. Determine which molecule makes sense because each atom has a complete valence shell and each bond has the correct number of electrons. Explain what makes the other molecules nonsensical, considering the number of bonds each type of atom can make. (which is wrong)
Image:
ff9ae1d4-2ab6-4318-a923-6503151fb8d3 (image/png)
Answer
  • Structure A
  • Structure B

Question 13

Question
We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C are equal in their
Answer
  • Mass
  • Volume
  • Number of Atoms
  • Number of Molecules

Question 14

Question
Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the lake?
Answer
  • 4.0 M
  • 10^ (-10) M
  • 10^ (-4) M
  • 10^ (4) M

Question 15

Question
What is the hydroxide ion concentration of the lake described in question 3 (pH of a particular lake is 4.0)?
Answer
  • 10^(-10) M
  • 10^(-4) M
  • 10^(-7) M
  • 10.0 M

Question 16

Question
A slice of pizza has 500 kcal. If we could burn the pizza and use all the heat to warm a 50-L container of cold water, what would be the approximate increase in the temperature of the water? (Note: A liter of cold water weighs about 1 kg.)
Answer
  • 50°C
  • 5°C
  • 100°C
  • 10°C

Question 17

Question
Draw the hydration shells that form around a potassium ion and a chloride ion when potassium chloride (KCl) dissolves in water. Label the positive, negative, and partial charges on the atoms. The image below correctly display this.
Image:
9d968bde-be7f-4d6c-87f5-c4827f95de25 (image/png)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
QUESTION: In agricultural areas, farmers pay close attention to the weather forecast. Right before a predicted overnight freeze, farmers spray water on crops to protect the plants. Use the properties of water to explain how this method works. Be sure to mention why hydrogen bonds are responsible for this phenomenon. ANSWER: Due to intermolecular hydrogen bonds, water has a [blank_start]high[blank_end] specific heat (the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of water by 1°C). When water is heated, much of the heat is absorbed in [blank_start]breaking[blank_end] hydrogen bonds before the water molecules increase their motion and the temperature increases. Conversely, when water is cooled, many H bonds are [blank_start]formed[blank_end], which [blank_start]releases[blank_end] a significant amount of heat. This [blank_start]release[blank_end] of heat can provide some protection against freezing of the plants’ leaves, thus protecting the cells from damage.
Answer
  • high
  • low
  • breaking
  • forming
  • formed
  • broken
  • releases
  • absorbs
  • release
  • absorbsion

Question 19

Question
Which functional group is not present in this molecule?
Image:
0bf9e801-b9ef-4a05-827e-ce90de29a653 (image/png)
Answer
  • Carboxyl
  • sulfhydryl
  • hydroxl
  • amino

Question 20

Question
Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
Answer
  • C3H8
  • C2H6
  • C2H4
  • C2H2

Question 21

Question
Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base
Answer
  • hydroxyl
  • amino
  • carbonyl
  • phosphate

Question 22

Question
Which action could produce a carbonyl group?
Answer
  • the replacement of the —OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen
  • the addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl
  • the addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate
  • the replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen

Question 23

Question
Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?
Answer
  • monosaccharide
  • polysaccharide
  • starch
  • carbohydrate

Question 24

Question
The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?
Answer
  • glycogen, starch, and amylopectin
  • glycogen and cellulose
  • cellulose and chitin
  • starch, chitin, and cellulose

Question 25

Question
Which of the following is true of unsaturated fats?
Answer
  • They are more common in animals than in plants.
  • They generally solidify at room temperature.
  • They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids.
  • They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.

Question 26

Question
The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the
Answer
  • primary level.
  • secondary level.
  • tertiary level.
  • quaternary level.

Question 27

Question
Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?
Answer
  • The two strands of the double helix would separate.
  • The phosphodiester linkages of the polynucleotide backbone would be broken.
  • The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
  • All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.

Question 28

Question
.
Image:
46512611-1729-44f2-bd22-1c990af05507 (image/png)
Answer

Question 29

Question
Which of the following pairs of base sequences could form a short stretch of a normal double helix of DNA?
Answer
  • 5′-AGCT-3′ with 5′-TCGA-3′
  • 5′-GCGC-3′ with 5′-TATA-3′
  • 5′-ATGC-3′ with 5′-GCAT-3′
  • All of these pairs are correct.

Question 30

Question
Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system?
Answer
  • nuclear envelope
  • chloroplasts
  • Golgi apparatus
  • plasma membrane
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