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Melanoma - NHS - Cell Biology & Cellular Pathology

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undergraduate second year Biomedical science 2nd year (Cell Biology & Cellular Pathology) Quiz on Melanoma - NHS - Cell Biology & Cellular Pathology, created by Idont Evencare on 20/03/2017.
Idont Evencare
Quiz by Idont Evencare, updated more than 1 year ago
Idont Evencare
Created by Idont Evencare over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Melanocytes are
Answer
  • located in epidermis
  • located in dermis
  • originated from the neural crest
  • originated from adipoblasts
  • dendritic cells
  • pseudo-unipolar cells
  • place of melanin anabolism
  • place of melanin catabolism

Question 2

Question
Which of the following is the correct pathway of melanin synthesis?
Answer
  • Tyrosine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> di-hydroxy phenylalanine (oxidation by tyrosinase) --> melanin
  • Tyrosine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> di-hydroxy methylmelanin (oxidation by tyrosinase) --> melanin
  • Tyrosinase (oxidaton by tyrosine) --> di-hydroxy methyllalanine (reduction by tyrosine) --> melanin
  • Di-hydroxy methylalanine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> tyrosine (reduction by tyrosinase) --> melanin
  • Di-hydroxy methylalanine (oxidaton by tyrosine) --> tyrosinase (reduction by tyrosine) --> melanin

Question 3

Question
What are the three most common types of skin cancer?
Answer
  • malignant melanoma
  • basal cell melanoma
  • malignant basal keratoses
  • basal cell carcinoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • merkel cell carcinoma

Question 4

Question
Which of the following is the commonest skin cancer
Answer
  • basal cell carcinoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • malignant melanoma

Question 5

Question
Which of the following is the easiest skin cancer to treat
Answer
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • basal cell carcinoma
  • malignant melanoma

Question 6

Question
Squamous cell carcinoma rarely metastasises.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
Melanoma is the most common cancer in elderly
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
Melanoma metastises
Answer
  • very early
  • only if untreated
  • to most body sites
  • almost exclusively to joints and liver and heart only
  • commonly to lymph nodes

Question 9

Question
Melannoma is the moset rapidly increasing common cancer type
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
What are the predisposing factors for melanoma?
Answer
  • exposure to sun
  • alcohol abuse
  • DNA repair mechanism mutations
  • P16 gene
  • CDKN2A
  • PK20 gene
  • CD150C
  • dysplastic naevi
  • skin colour
  • number of pre-existing moles

Question 11

Question
The types of melanoma are
Answer
  • Nodular Melanoma
  • Acral lentiginous melanoma
  • Lentigo maligna melanoma
  • Superficial spreading
  • Lego malaria melanoma
  • Occular mesenchymous melanoma
  • Cranial melanoma
  • Chronic hepatocyte melanoma

Question 12

Question
ABCD rule in melanoma diagnosis stands for
Answer
  • A – aplasticity B – Border irregularity C – colour D – distance
  • A – asymmetry B – Border irregularity C – colour D – diameter
  • A – asymmetry B – Border integrity C – change in size D – distance
  • A – aplasticity B – basal cell symetry C – colour D – diameter
  • A – aplasticity B – Border integrity C – change in size D – distance

Question 13

Question
Initial diagnosis of melanoma is performed by
Answer
  • examination using bright light and magnification
  • histology using ziehl-neelsen stain
  • biopsy followed by ELISA
  • ELISA
  • biopsy followed by PCR

Question 14

Question
Common antibodies used in diagnosis of melanoma by immunohistochemistry include
Answer
  • Melan M
  • Melan A
  • HMB 45
  • S 100
  • CDK 150
  • JK 480

Question 15

Question
Diagnosis of melanoma is performed by
Answer
  • +/- immmunohistochemistry
  • +/- immunocytochemistry
  • special stain histology
  • H/E stain histology
  • ELISA
  • laparoscopy

Question 16

Question
Melanin does not always have to be present in melanoma
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
In histological examination of melanoma, which if the following are typically observed?
Answer
  • Prominent nucleoli
  • Missing nucleoi
  • Irregular nucleoi
  • Popcorn cells
  • Reed-Strenberg cells
  • Large cells
  • Small cells

Question 18

Question
Special stains are the most common diagnostic tool in melanomas
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Melanin is a
Answer
  • big strong cookie booboo
  • strong reducing agent
  • strong oxidising agent
  • reactively inert molecule

Question 20

Question
Special stains can be used for the diagnosis of amelanotic melanomas
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Immunohistochemistry can be used for the diagnosis of amelanotic melanomas
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Immunocytochemistry is used in diagnosis of melanoma in
Answer
  • Difficult cases
  • Metastasis
  • Micro invasion
  • None of the above
  • All of the above
  • Reed-Sternberg melanoma

Question 23

Question
The target protein for S100 is [blank_start]not specific for melanoma[blank_end], HMB45 is [blank_start]sometimes absent from melanomas[blank_end] and Melan A is sometimes found in [blank_start]non-melanoma tumours[blank_end].
Answer
  • not specific for melanoma
  • sometimes absent from melanomas
  • non-melanoma tumours

Question 24

Question
Clinical staging is based on
Answer
  • histological staging of primary tumour
  • histological staining of metastasis
  • lymph node involvement
  • basal cell involvement
  • metastases
  • age of the patient

Question 25

Question
Breslow [blank_start]depth[blank_end] measures the [blank_start]thickness of tumour[blank_end] whereas Clark [blank_start]levels[blank_end] measure the [blank_start]depth of invasion[blank_end]. Breslow method is [blank_start]more accurate[blank_end] than Clark method.
Answer
  • depth
  • thickness of tumour
  • levels
  • depth of invasion
  • more accurate
  • less accurate

Question 26

Question
Clinical staging does NOT rely on the histological measurement of
Answer
  • Ulceration
  • Lymphoid infiltration
  • Mitotic activity
  • Vascular ivasion
  • Dendritic necrosis
  • Microscopic satellites

Question 27

Question
Treatment of melanoma is the same regardless of the stage
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Treatment of melanoma can include the removal of
Answer
  • all metastases
  • sentinel lymph node/s
  • primary tumour, minimum 5mm
  • primary tumour, minimum 2mm
  • all moles

Question 29

Question
Biological therapy of melanoma often consists of
Answer
  • BRAF inhibitor drug regimes
  • Interleukin alpha inhibitor drug regime
  • Low salt and fat intake diet
  • Broad spectrum drugs
  • Localised irradiation

Question 30

Question
BRAF 600 gene is found in about half the melanoma patients
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Punch skin biopsy is the only method of obtaining histological tissue for diagnosis of melanoma.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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