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cell stucture

Description

main focuses The structure and function of membranes (introduction) • Phylogeny (introduction) • The divisions of life • Differences between plant, animal and microbial cells • What is an organelle • Endosymbiont theory
michelle_simms_w
Quiz by michelle_simms_w, updated more than 1 year ago
michelle_simms_w
Created by michelle_simms_w over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is phylogeny?
Answer
  • Desent with modification
  • Evolutionary relationships among organisms
  • Classification of organisms and determining evolutionary relationships

Question 2

Question
Which domain of life does mitochondria belong to?
Answer
  • Eukayra
  • Archeaea
  • Bacteria

Question 3

Question
Which domain is most closely related to archaea
Answer
  • viruses
  • bacteria
  • eukarya

Question 4

Question
How many chromosomes do Prokaryotes have?
Answer
  • 1
  • mulitiple

Question 5

Question
Which of the followings are common features in cells of all domains
Answer
  • Cell membrane ,ribosome ,chromosome/sand cytosol (semi-fluid substance)
  • Cytoplasm, centromeres, mitochondria and nucleus
  • endoplasmic renticuluim, plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes
  • nuclear enveolope, vesicles, vacuoles, chloropyll

Question 6

Question
Eukaryotes.....
Answer
  • Have DNA enclosed in a membrane bound nucleus
  • Are small and less complex
  • Are large and more complex
  • Have no organelles
  • Are green
  • Have organelles

Question 7

Question
DNA floats around in prokaryotes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
How many lipid bilayers do cell membranes have
Answer
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

Question 9

Question
Which image best describes the cell membrane
Answer

Question 10

Question
O2 and CO2 pass freely through the membrane of a cell because they are substances which are...
Answer
  • polar
  • non polar
  • bi polar
  • Sligthly negatively charged
  • Slightly positively charged

Question 11

Question
Cholesterol is increases the fluidity of the phosplipid bilayer
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
Which domain rRNA selection composed of 5s,16s,and 23s
Answer
  • prokaryotes
  • eukaryotes

Question 13

Question
Eukaryotes have ribosomes free just in the cytoplasm
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
Eukaryotic DNA is linear and found within the nucleus
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
What is the name of the complex of proteins and chromosomes
Answer
  • chromatin
  • centrosome
  • chromatosin

Question 16

Question
What is the name of the protein which holds the shape of the nucleus
Answer
  • nuclear lamina
  • nuclear envelope
  • chromatin

Question 17

Question
Where is RNA synthesized?
Answer
  • Nuclear pores
  • Nucleous
  • Chromatin

Question 18

Question
Bacterial DNA is found in 2 locations
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Plasmids...
Answer
  • are straight
  • Contain genetic information
  • Are larger that the bacterial chromosome
  • Are smaller that the bacterial chromosome
  • Can exchange DNA between bacterial cells beneficial for antibiotic resistance

Question 20

Question
Which systems and organelles are not found in animal cells that are found in plant cells
Answer
  • ribosomes
  • chloroplasts
  • mitochondrion
  • microvilli
  • central vacuole and tonoplast
  • cell wall
  • centrsome
  • plasmodesmata

Question 21

Question
The cytoplasm doesn't contain organelles
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
microfilaments are the largest fibers in the cytoskeleton
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
What are the functions for the cytoskeleton
Answer
  • Anchor the organelles
  • uses ATP to move vesicles around the cells
  • make the cell bendy
  • link to one another to strenghten cell stucture
  • Regulate biochemical activites

Question 24

Question
Mirco tubules are hollow
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
what is the function of the microtubules
Answer
  • shaping the cell
  • moving the whole cell
  • Guiding movement of organelles
  • regulate cell temperature
  • Separating chromosomes during cell division
  • control the beating of cilia and flagella

Question 26

Question
The centrosome is made up of two centrioles
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
The centrosome is a
Answer
  • microtubule-organizing center
  • microtubule- diassembling center
  • microtubule-destuction center

Question 28

Question
Microfilaments are solid rods comprising a twisted double chain of
Answer
  • chtin subunits
  • actin subunits

Question 29

Question
the 3D cortex of the microfiliaments to change the cells shape
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 30

Question
bundles of the microfilament make up the core ore microvilli in the intestinal cells
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
In muscle cells...
Answer
  • Hundreds of actin filaments are arranged parallel to one another
  • Thousands of actin filaments are arranged parallel to one another
  • Millions of actin filaments are arranged parallel to one another

Question 32

Question
Myosin and ...... help in the movement of cells and are very important in muscles
Answer
  • Actin
  • Chitin
  • Phosphourous

Question 33

Question
What are the functions of the intermediate filaments
Answer
  • Maintence of cell shape
  • cytoplasmic streaming
  • formation of nuclear lamina
  • anchorage of nucleus and other organelles
  • muscle contaction

Question 34

Question
What the difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum
Answer
  • rough has ribsomes are located on the outside of the organelle
  • they are made up of different components

Question 35

Question
smooth ER secretes glycoprotiens
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 36

Question
What are the functions of the smooth ER
Answer
  • secrete glycoprotiens, distributes transport vesicles- proteins surrounded by a membrane
  • synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, deoxifies drugs and poisons, stores calcium ions

Question 37

Question
which organelles make up the endomembrane sytstem
Answer
  • Nuclear envelope • Plasma membrane • Endoplasmic reticulum • Golgi apparatus • Lysosomes • Vacuoles
  • cell membrane - ribosome - chromosome/s - cytosol (semi-fluid substance)

Question 38

Question
The Golgi apparatus manufactures.....
Answer
  • micromolecules
  • phospolipids
  • macromolecules
  • nucleic aids

Question 39

Question
what is the name of the process where Vesicles leave golgi and may fuse with plasma membrane to secrete contents
Answer
  • exocytosis
  • eutytropic
  • sterotropic
  • cytokensis

Question 40

Question
lysomes are sacs of ...... enzymes which can digest macromolecules (proteins, fats, polysaccharides, nucleic acids
Answer
  • sulpuric
  • hydrolytic
  • nitrite

Question 41

Question
what is the name given when a cell engulfs another
Answer
  • autophagy
  • phagocytosis
  • cytokenisis

Question 42

Question
autophagy is the process where lysomes
Answer
  • Use enzymes to recycle the cell’s own organelles and macromolecules
  • fuse with the food vacuole and digests the molecules
  • Manufactures certain macromolecules

Question 43

Question
The vacuole contains, oxygen, carbon and chlorophyll
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 44

Question
both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have mitochondria
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
Mitochondria is where...
Answer
  • starch is converted into glucose
  • celluar respiration through the generation of ATP
  • nutrients passes through the nuclear envelope

Question 46

Question
What is the name for the double membrane: a smooth outer membrane and an inner membrane folded
Answer
  • Cristae
  • peroxisome
  • medula

Question 47

Question
mitochondria have their own ribosomes and DNA
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 48

Question
Chlorophyll contain chloroplast
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
Most cells synthesize and secrete materials that are external to the plasma membrane
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
The cell walls of Fungi are made of
Answer
  • Chitin
  • cellulose
  • starch

Question 51

Question
which of the following are is NOT in the extra cellular matrix of animal cells
Answer
  • collegen
  • actin
  • proteoglycans
  • fibronectin

Question 52

Question
he extracellular matrix bind to the receptor proteins in the plasma membrane called integrins
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
Which 2 of the following are NOT functions of the ECM
Answer
  • Support
  • Flexibility
  • Adhesion
  • Movement
  • fixed postioning
  • regulation

Question 54

Question
Which of the following is a plant cell junction
Answer
  • Gap junctions
  • Plasmodesmata:
  • •Desmosomes
  • Tight junctions

Question 55

Question
prokaryotes have organelles
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 56

Question
which of the following are found inside a microbial cells
Answer
  • Cytoplams
  • Centrsomes
  • Flagella
  • Pili
  • Mitochondria
  • Capsule/slime layer
  • Cytoplasmic membrane and Cell wall

Question 57

Question
Magnetosomes are magnetic enclusions in cells allow
Answer
  • microogramism move around magnetic lines
  • help the cell wall stay in place
  • remove unwanted information from the cell

Question 58

Question
Gas vesicles sink in prokaryotic cells
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 59

Question
Gas vesicle are bouyant as it allows the microograsims to move up and down o the cytoplasm allowing for optimum light absorption. As some microorganisms photosynthesis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 60

Question
Prokaryotes produce spores for reporduction
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 61

Question
Which of the following isnt a factor for the dispersal of spore in hardy environment soil
Answer
  • poluten
  • rainfall increases or decreases
  • high acidity
  • temperature drop
  • nurtrient level falls

Question 62

Question
The composition of peptidoglycan in bacteria is..
Answer
  • G+ve cells have ~ 70 G-ve cells have ~ 30
  • G+ve cells have ~ 50 G-ve cells have ~50
  • G+ve cells have ~90 G-ve cells have ~ 10

Question 63

Question
antibiotic drugs target the cell walls of bacteria, which one is easiest to destoy
Answer
  • Gram +
  • Gram -

Question 64

Question
Capsule/slime layers.....
Answer
  • to stick cells together and as a food reserve
  • to protect the cell from desiccation, and from chemicals
  • increase the number of cells being produced
  • stop the cells sticking together and dry out the cell

Question 65

Question
the movement of flagella is based on
Answer
  • proton motor force
  • ATP release
  • metabolism of glucose

Question 66

Question
to benefit cellular exchange bacterial will have
Answer
  • pili
  • fimbriae

Question 67

Question
what do Archaea and eukarya have in common but not bacteria
Answer
  • flagella
  • histomes
  • gas vesicle
  • endospores
  • sensitivity antibiotics

Question 68

Question
Acheae are the highest tolerating domain
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 69

Question
Endosymbiont theory is the idea that Mitochondria and chloroplasts took up residence in Eukarya eons ago - First a non-photosynthetic prokaryote formed an endosymbiont relationship with a host - Subsequently, a photosynthetic prokaryote was engulfed Result = a single organism
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 70

Question
what would you NOT consider to define life?
Answer
  • order/organisation
  • reproduction
  • response to environment
  • energy utilisation and production (metabolism)
  • homeostasis
  • evolution
  • respiration
  • being complety reliant on from others

Question 71

Question
what is a virus
Answer
  • piece of DNA or RNA covered in a protein coat
  • a nucleus with a cell wall and mitochondria
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