The study of being, concerned with the state/nature of the world; with question of what exists and whats relationships exist between the world and our human understanding
Theory of knowledge, which determines what counts as valid or accepted knowledge, and also therefore how do we go about obtaining or producing that knowledge
Theory of how research proceeds, including consideration of such things as Methods, Participants and the role of the researcher, Ethics and so forth
A position which assumes that the world has a true nature which is knowable and real, discovered through experience and research; that we know an object because there are inherent facts about it that we can perceive and understand
Question 2
Question
Epistemology is defined as:
Answer
Theory of knowledge, which determines what counts as valid or accepted knowledge, and also therefore how do we go about obtaining or producing that knowledge
The study of being, concerned with the state/nature of the world; with question of what exists and whats relationships exist between the world and our human understanding
Theory of how research proceeds, including consideration of such things as Methods, Participants and the role of the researcher, Ethics and so forth
A position which assumes that the world has a true nature which is knowable and real, discovered through experience and research; that we know an object because there are inherent facts about it that we can perceive and understand
Question 3
Question
Define methodology:
Answer
Theory of how research proceeds, including consideration of such things as Methods, Participants and the role of the researcher, Ethics and so forth
A theoretical position that holds that there are multiple, constructed realities; all accounts are of equal theoretical value and there is no foundation to claim some version of reality is more true than another
The study of being, concerned with the state/nature of the world; with question of what exists and whats relationships exist between the world and our human understanding
A position which assumes that the world has a true nature which is knowable and real, discovered through experience and research; that we know an object because there are inherent facts about it that we can perceive and understand
Question 4
Question
Define realism:
Answer
An ontological and epistemological position which assumes that the world has a true nature which is knowable and real, discovered through experience and research; that we know an object because there are inherent facts about it that we can perceive and understand
A theoretical position that holds that there are multiple, constructed realities; all accounts are of equal theoretical value and there is no foundation to claim some version of reality is more true than another
A theoretical approach which assumes an ultimate reality, but claims that the way reality is experienced and interpreted is shaped by culture, language and political interests
A theoretical framework for making sense of the world which assumes a world that exists independent of our ways of getting to know it, and that if we observe it properly we can discover the reality of the world
Question 5
Question
Define relativism:
Answer
A theoretical position that holds that there are multiple, constructed realities; all accounts are of equal theoretical value and there is no foundation to claim some version of reality is more true than another
An ontological and epistemological position which assumes that the world has a true nature which is knowable and real, discovered through experience and research; that we know an object because there are inherent facts about it that we can perceive and understand
A theoretical approach which assumes an ultimate reality, but claims that the way reality is experienced and interpreted is shaped by culture, language and political interests
The study of being, concerned with the state/nature of the world; with question of what exists and whats relationships exist between the world and our human understanding
Question 6
Question
Define critical realism:
Answer
A theoretical approach which assumes an ultimate reality, but claims that the way reality is experienced and interpreted is shaped by culture, language and political interests
A theoretical position that holds that there are multiple, constructed realities; all accounts are of equal theoretical value and there is no foundation to claim some version of reality is more true than another
A theoretical approach informing some qualitative research, which assumes that meaning is related to the context in which it is produced
A broad theoretical framework which rejects a single truth. It sees the world and what we know as produced/constructed through language, representation and other social practices, rather than discovered
Question 7
Question
Define positivism:
Answer
A theoretical framework for making sense of the world which assumes a world that exists independent of our ways of getting to know it, and that if we observe it we can discover the reality of the world
A theoretical approach which assumes an ultimate reality, but claims that the way reality is experienced and interpreted is shaped by culture, language and political interests
A theoretical approach informing some qualitative research, which assumes that meaning is related to the context in which it is produced
Theory of knowledge, which determines what counts as valid or accepted knowledge, and also therefore how do we go about obtaining or producing that knowledge
Question 8
Question
Contextualism is defined as:
Answer
A theoretical approach informing some qualitative research, which assumes that meaning is related to the context in which it is produced
A theoretical position that holds that there are multiple, constructed realities; all accounts are of equal theoretical value and there is no foundation to claim some version of reality is more true than another
A broad theoretical framework which rejects a single truth. It sees the world and what we know as produced/constructed through language, representation and other social practices, rather than discovered
An ontological and epistemological position which assumes that the world has a true nature which is knowable and real, discovered through experience and research; that we know an object because there are inherent facts about it that we can perceive and understand
Question 9
Question
Social constructionism is defined as:
Answer
A broad theoretical framework which rejects a single truth. It sees the world and what we know as produced/constructed through language, representation and other social practices, rather than discovered
A theoretical approach informing some qualitative research, which assumes that meaning is related to the context in which it is produced
A theoretical position that holds that there are multiple, constructed realities; all accounts are of equal theoretical value and there is no foundation to claim some version of reality is more true than another
The study of being, concerned with the state/nature of the world; with question of what exists and whats relationships exist between the world and our human understanding
Question 10
Question
Subjectivity is defined as:
Answer
People's sense of themselves; their ways of being in and relating to the world
Critical reflection on the research, both as process and as practice, on one's own role as researcher and on one's relation to knowledge, acknowledging the researchers role in the production of knowledge and way in which their assumptions may have shaped the collection and analysis of their data
A mode of sampling typical of qualitative research involving selecting participants or data on the basis that they will have certain characteristics or experience
A method of data collection where participants are given the start of a story and asked to complete or continue it
Question 11
Question
Reflexivity is defined as:
Answer
Critical reflection on the research, both as process and as practice, on one's own role as researcher and on one's relation to knowledge, acknowledging the researchers role in the production of knowledge and way in which their assumptions may have shaped the collection and analysis of their data
People's sense of themselves; their ways of being in and relating to the world
A method of data collection where participants are given the start of a story and asked to complete or continue it
A theoretical framework for making sense of the world which assumes a world that exists independent of our ways of getting to know it, and that if we observe it we can discover the reality of the world
Question 12
Question
Define purposive sampling:
Answer
A mode of sampling typical of qualitative research involving selecting participants or data on the basis that they will have certain characteristics or experience
A method of data collection where participants are given the start of a story and asked to complete or continue it
A very common way of sampling where participants or data are selected based on accessibility rather than some other criterion
An approach to sampling where new participants are invited from the networks of people who have already taken part
Question 13
Question
Story completion tasks involve:
Answer
A method of data collection where participants are given the start of a story and asked to complete or continue it
A short hypothetical scenario presented to participants, often in a series of stages, after which they answer a series of open-ended questions relating to it
A method of data collection consisting of a series of open-ended questions that participants write responses to
A one-to-one method of collecting data where a participant responses to a researchers question, traditionally conducted in person but can be conducted virtually
Question 14
Question
Vignettes involve:
Answer
A short hypothetical scenario presented to participants, often in a series of stages, after which they answer a series of open-ended questions relating to it
A method of data collection where participants are given the start of a story and asked to complete or continue it
A method of data collection consisting of a series of open-ended questions that participants write responses to
A one-to-one method of collecting data where a participant responses to a researchers question, traditionally conducted in person but can be conducted virtually
Question 15
Question
Qualitative surveys involve:
Answer
A method of data collection consisting of a series of open-ended questions that participants write responses to
A short hypothetical scenario presented to participants, often in a series of stages, after which they answer a series of open-ended questions relating to it
A one-to-one method of collecting data where a participant responses to a researchers question, traditionally conducted in person but can be conducted virtually
A method of collecting data where a group of participants discuss a topic of interest, guided by a moderator, face-to-face or virtually. Key feature is the interaction among members of the group
Question 16
Question
Interviews involve:
Answer
A one-to-one method of collecting data where a participant responses to a researchers question, traditionally conducted in person but can be conducted virtually
A method of collecting data where a group of participants discuss a topic of interest, guided by a moderator, face-to-face or virtually. Key feature is the interaction among members of the group
A method of data collection consisting of a series of open-ended questions that participants write responses to
A form of analysis which has the theme as its unit of analysis and which looks across data from many different sources to identify themes
Question 17
Question
Focus groups involve:
Answer
A method of collecting data where a group of participants discuss a topic of interest, guided by a moderator, face-to-face or virtually. Key feature is the interaction among members of the group
A one-to-one method of collecting data where a participant responses to a researchers question, traditionally conducted in person but can be conducted virtually
A short hypothetical scenario presented to participants, often in a series of stages, after which they answer a series of open-ended questions relating to it
A method of data collection consisting of a series of open-ended questions that participants write responses to
Question 18
Question
Define thematic analysis:
Answer
A form of analysis which has the theme as its unit of analysis and which looks across data from many different sources to identify themes
An approach to qualitative research concerned with understanding experiences of the person in context; prioritising participant experiences and interpretations of them
A qualitative methodology which offers a way of developing theory grounded in data. The theory evolves throughout process of research, data analysis and collection. Often using 'lite' without full theory-development
A cluster of forms of qualitative analysis that centre on the detailed examination of patterns of meaning within texts, and the effects of particular patterns of meaning. Theoretically underpinned by idea that language creates meaning and reality, rather than reflecting it
Question 19
Question
Define Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis:
Answer
An approach to qualitative research concerned with understanding experiences of the person in context; prioritising participant experiences and interpretations of them
A form of analysis which has the theme as its unit of analysis and which looks across data from many different sources to identify themes
A qualitative methodology which offers a way of developing theory grounded in data. The theory evolves throughout process of research, data analysis and collection. Often using 'lite' without full theory-development
A cluster of forms of qualitative analysis that centre on the detailed examination of patterns of meaning within texts, and the effects of particular patterns of meaning. Theoretically underpinned by idea that language creates meaning and reality, rather than reflecting it
Question 20
Question
Define Grounded Theory:
Answer
A qualitative methodology which offers a way of developing theory grounded in data. The theory evolves throughout process of research, data analysis and collection. Often using 'lite' without full theory-development
A form of qualitative analysis that attempts to describe the orderliness, structure and sequential patterns of interaction in everyday conversation or formal talk
Using two or more data sources, methods or researchers to try to gain a fuller or multi-faceted understanding of a topic
An approach to qualitative research concerned with understanding experiences of the person in context; prioritising participant experiences and interpretations of them
Question 21
Question
Define discourse analysis:
Answer
A cluster of forms of qualitative analysis that centre on the detailed examination of patterns of meaning within texts, and the effects of particular patterns of meaning. Theoretically underpinned by idea that language creates meaning and reality, rather than reflecting it
A form of qualitative analysis that attempts to describe the orderliness, structure and sequential patterns of interaction in everyday conversation or formal talk
A form of analysis which has the theme as its unit of analysis and which looks across data from many different sources to identify themes
A method of data collection where participants are given the start of a story and asked to complete or continue it
Question 22
Question
Define conversation analysis:
Answer
A form of qualitative analysis that attempts to describe the orderliness, structure and sequential patterns of interaction in everyday conversation or formal talk
A cluster of forms of qualitative analysis that centre on the detailed examination of patterns of meaning within texts, and the effects of particular patterns of meaning. Theoretically underpinned by idea that language creates meaning and reality, rather than reflecting it
A qualitative methodology which offers a way of developing theory grounded in data. The theory evolves throughout process of research, data analysis and collection. Often using 'lite' without full theory-development
Using two or more data sources, methods or researchers to try to gain a fuller or multi-faceted understanding of a topic
Question 23
Question
Define triangulation:
Answer
Using two or more data sources, methods or researchers to try to gain a fuller or multi-faceted understanding of a topic
Practice of checking your analysis with your participants to ensure it does not misrepresent their experiences; often treated as a form of validation
A form of analysis which has the theme as its unit of analysis and which looks across data from many different sources to identify themes
The extent to which qualitative research results can be transferred to other groups of people or contexts
Question 24
Question
Define member checking:
Answer
Practice of checking your analysis with your participants to ensure it does not misrepresent their experiences; often treated as a form of validation
Using two or more data sources, methods or researchers to try to gain a fuller or multi-faceted understanding of a topic
The extent to which qualitative research results can be transferred to other groups of people or contexts
The process of examining data, identifying and noting aspects that relate to your research question
Question 25
Question
Define transferability:
Answer
The extent to which qualitative research results can be transferred to other groups of people or contexts
The process of examining data, identifying and noting aspects that relate to your research question
Practice of checking your analysis with your participants to ensure it does not misrepresent their experiences; often treated as a form of validation
A theoretical approach informing some qualitative research, which assumes that meaning is related to the context in which it is produced
Question 26
Question
Define coding:
Answer
The process of examining data, identifying and noting aspects that relate to your research question
A method of data collection consisting of a series of open-ended questions that participants write responses to
Practice of checking your analysis with your participants to ensure it does not misrepresent their experiences; often treated as a form of validation
Critical reflection on the research, both as process and as practice, on one's own role as researcher and on one's relation to knowledge, acknowledging the researchers role in the production of knowledge and way in which their assumptions may have shaped the collection and analysis of their data