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Biopsychology - hemispheric lateralisation & localisation of function
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1Explain what is meant by hemispheric lateralisation
- AThe two halves of the human brain each have functional specialisations
- BAll of the brain is involved in processing
- CCertain functions of the brain have certain locations in specific brain regions
2To investigate the [blank_start]functions[blank_end] of each hemisphere, Sperry used 11 patients who had their [blank_start]corpus callosum[blank_end] severed to reduce severe [blank_start]epilepsy[blank_end] symptoms. So the two hemispheres could not [blank_start]communicate[blank_end] information.
- Afunctions
- Bcorpus callosum
- Cepilepsy
- Dcommunicate
3The functions of the left hemisphere of the brain are: [blank_start]language[blank_end], [blank_start]number skills[blank_end], [blank_start]reasoning[blank_end] and it is [blank_start]right[blank_end]-handed
- Alanguage
- Bmusic awareness
- Cnumber skills
- Dvisual-motor tasks - drawing
- Ereasoning
- Frecognition of faces
- Gright
- Hleft
4The functions of the right hemisphere are: [blank_start]visual-motor tasks[blank_end], [blank_start]music awareness[blank_end], [blank_start]recognition of faces[blank_end], and it is [blank_start]left[blank_end]-handed
- Avisual-motor tasks (drawing)
- Blanguage
- Cmusic awareness
- Dreasoning
- Erecognition of faces
- Fnumber skills
- Gleft
- Hright
5Sperry's split brain research: he used a [blank_start]tachistoscope[blank_end] screen to present an image or word to the left or right [blank_start]visual field[blank_end]. A range of tasks was used, involving patients responding with their left hand ([blank_start]right[blank_end] hemisphere) or right hand or [blank_start]verbally[blank_end] ([blank_start]left[blank_end] hemisphere).
- Atachistoscope
- Bvisual field
- Cright
- Dleft
- Everbally
6In Sperry's 'Describe what you see' task, patients...
- A...named an image presented in their RVF but not their LVF
- B... couldn't name image presented in RVF but could draw it using their right hand
- C...couldn't name image presented in LVF but could draw it using their left hand
- D...named an image presented in their LVF but not their RVF
7In Sperry's 'Recogniton by touch' task, patients...
- A...couldn't name an image presented in LVF but could select it from bag of objects using left hand
- B...couldn't name an image presented in RVF but could select it from bag of objects using right hand
- C...could name an image presented in RVF and could select an object
- D...could name an image presented in RVF and but could not select an object
- E...couldn't name an image presented in RVF and couldn't select an object
8In Sperry's 'Composite words' task, 2 words were presented simultaneously one on each visual field. e.g. key on the LVF and ring on the RVF. Patients...
- A... could say LVF word - Key...
- B... could write LVF word - Key...
- C...and could say the RVF word - ring
- D...and could write the RVF word - ring
9Label the different lobes of the brain
- Aparietal lobe
- Bfrontal lobe
- Ctemporal lobe
- Doccipital lobe
- Ecerebellum
10Label the areas of the brain
- Amotor cortex
- Bsomatosensory area
- Cvisual cortex
- Dauditory area
- EWernicke's area
- FBroca's area
11Label the main functions of each area
- Acontrols voluntary movements
- Bprocesses sensory info from skin
- Creceives and processes visual info
- Dprocesses sound and speech based info
12The function of the motor cortex is to [blank_start]control[blank_end] [blank_start]voluntary[blank_end] movements. It sends [blank_start]signals[blank_end] to [blank_start]muscles[blank_end] on the opposite side of the body. The left [blank_start]hemisphere[blank_end] controls [blank_start]muscle[blank_end] [blank_start]movements[blank_end] on the [blank_start]right[blank_end] side vice versa.
- Acontrol
- Bvoluntary
- Csignals
- Dmuscles
- Ehemisphere
- Fmuscle
- Gmovements
- Hright
13The function of the auditory area is to process [blank_start]sound[blank_end] and [blank_start]speech[blank_end] based information. Info received by the left ear is processed by the [blank_start]right[blank_end] [blank_start]hemisphere[blank_end] vice versa.
- Asound
- Bspeech
- Cright
- Dhemisphere
14The function of the somatosensory area is to process [blank_start]sensory[blank_end] information from the [blank_start]skin[blank_end]- including heat, touch and [blank_start]pressure[blank_end]. The more [blank_start]sensitive[blank_end] the area of the body, the [blank_start]larger[blank_end] part of the somatosensory area is [blank_start]devoted[blank_end] to it. E.g. Over half of this are is for [blank_start]hands[blank_end] and face.
- Asensory
- Bskin
- Cpressure
- Dsensitive
- Elarger
- Fdevoted
- Ghands
15The function of the visual [blank_start]cortex[blank_end] is to receive and process visual information. Each eye sends information from right visual [blank_start]field[blank_end] to [blank_start]left[blank_end] [blank_start]visual[blank_end] [blank_start]cortex[blank_end], vice versa.
- Acortex
- Bfield
- Cvisual
- Dcortex
- Eleft
16Damage to the Broca's area causes what?
- AProducing meaningless speech
- BProducing speech that is slow, laborious and lacking in fluency
17Damage to Wernicke's area causes what?
- AProducing meaningless speech
- BProducing speech that is slow, laborious and lacking in fluency
18What is each area responsible for?
- Ainvolved in speech production
- Bresponsible for language comprehension
19Where is each area localised?
- Alocalised in left temporal lobe
- Blocalised in left frontal lobe
20[blank_start]Maguire[blank_end] found using [blank_start]MRI[blank_end] scans that London taxi drivers have a large [blank_start]volume[blank_end] of [blank_start]grey[blank_end] matter in the [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] [blank_start]hippocampus[blank_end] than in non taxi drivers. This is an area associated with spatial and [blank_start]navigational[blank_end] [blank_start]skills[blank_end]. This shows that certain [blank_start]abilities[blank_end] are localised in [blank_start]specific[blank_end] areas of the brain, as theory [blank_start]predicts. [blank_end]
- AMaguire
- BMRI
- Cvolume
- Dgrey
- Eposterior
- Fhippocampus
- Gnavigational
- Hskills
- Iabilities
- Jspecific
- Kpredicts.
21A limitation of localisation theory comes from [blank_start]Lashley[blank_end]... criticised the claim that functions are localised, by proposing the [blank_start]equipotentiality[blank_end] theory- that [blank_start]basic[blank_end] [blank_start]motor[blank_end] and sensory functions are localised, but [blank_start]higher[blank_end] [blank_start]cognitive[blank_end] functions (e.g. [blank_start]Learning[blank_end]) are not. So not all functions may be localised
- ALashley
- Bequipotentiality
- Cmotor
- Dcognitive
- Ehigher
- FLearning
- Gbasic
Information
- Description
- Questions on hemispheric lateralisation and Sperry's split brain studies
- Author
- Jenny Wright
- Language
- English
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