A reference to a person, place of event from history, religion, literature, mythology, politics, sports, science, or pop culture.Ex.: The George M. Cohan song “The Yankee Doodle Boy” alludes to the eighteenth-century tune “Yankee Doodle.”
Language that appeals to any of the five senses: sight, touch, smell, hearing, and taste.Ex: At the pond, a rustling of dry reeds revealed the brown head of a grackle, who watched the cool, gleaming water with a beady eye.
An object, event, person, or animal to which extraordinary meaning is attached.Skull and crossbones symbolize danger, and red roses symbolize love. These are symbols that everyone uses. Writers try to create fresh symbols.