Science-6th Grade-Trimester 1

Scientific Method Question or Problem - the step when you wonder about a problem that will become the purpose of the experiment Research - the step when you find out more information about the experiment and what has been done before Hypothesis - the step when you make an educated guess about the outcome of the experiment, written as an "If... then..." statement Conduct Experiment - the step when you perform the procedures and list materials to test the hypothesis Analyze your Data (aka Observe and Record Results) - the step when you watch what happens and write down qualitative and /or quantitative data in a chart or table Conclusion (aka Report your Results) - the step when you summarize your experiment, share your data, decide if your hypothesis was correct, and determine what could be improved for next time. In order to verity the results, experiments must be retested. Scientific Method Vocabulary Variable - things that change or can be changed in an experiment Independent variable - what causes the changes in an experiment. Written in the first part of the hypothesis (after the "If"). Should be only one variable to test for each experiment. Dependent variable - the changes measured in an experiment. Written in the second part of the hypothesis (after the "then"). Control Variables/Group - things that are NOT manipulated/changed; not being tested; used for comparison Qualitative Data - using the senses to gather information about something... without numbers Quantitive Data - using the senses to gather information about something... with numbers Hypothesis - educated guess; must be testable; predicts an outcome Inference - using observations and your knowledge to identify what might happen next or why a result occurred Observation - using many senses as possible to gather and record information

Big Bang Theory Timeline Big Bang -  Time = 0 years Stars & galaxies formed 200-400 million years after big bang Now - Time = 13.8 billion years after big bang Sun formed - Time = 9.2 billion years after big bang Earth formed - Time = 9.3 billion years after big bang General Information Universe started as the size of an atom Universe began as a violent expansion - all space and matter was created from a single point of pure energy in an instant No explosion - just a continued expansion Per Albert Einstein, energy froze into matter (E=mc2) Evidence of Big Bang Universal expansion - observed that galaxies are moving away from each other and away from earth (Hubble's Law) 3 degree background radiation - Noise radiation is evenly spread across space Quasars - super large galactic cores that put out more light than whole galaxies; nothing exists past quasars Radioactive decay - radiometric dating allows us to determine age of items from the decay of radioactive isotopes within the object. We an determine an estimated time that the earth and moon were formed Stellar formation and evolution - life cycle of stars (forming, burning, and exploding) Speed of light and stellar distances - speed of light is universal constant; furthest stars are 10-15 billion light years away