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Creado por becki merrill
hace más de 4 años
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introduction to sports and exercise physiology exercise physiology explores how the human body responds to physical activity and performance.
carbohydrates, proteins and lipids they are the fuels for exercise and mainly known as the endogenous which is a chemical energy to require energy. the carbohydrates are stored in the liver, muscle, fat and protein. muscle is stored as glycogen and glucose exogenous is also a chemical energy that releases energy with carbs, fat and protein
monosaccharides basic unit of carbohydrates
gluconeogenesis the body process of making new sugar, occurs in the liver due to amino acids, glycerol, pyruvate and lactate.
after the small intestine absorbs glucose becomes available as an energy source for cellular metabolism form glycogen for storage in the liver and muscles convert to fat (triacylgqcerol) for energy
metabolism metabolism is the sum of all energy processes in the body, the production of energy for essential processes, to synthesise new organic material metabolism is a function of time and intensity anaerobic - aerobic homeostasis is the constant internal environment in the cell bioenergetic is the process of how we get energy
anabolic processess is the build up or construction of molecules from smaller units; generally requires energy (endergonic process)
catabolic processess is the break down of molecules into smaller units , which are then oxidised to release energy (exergonic process)
energy transfer the first law of thermodynamics energy can't be create or destroyed, but changed from one form to another, the energy transfer will always occur in one direction
exercise metabolism metabolism involves all of the chemical reactions of the body biomolecule that helps synthesis and breakdown
cellular respiration - metabolic pathways involved in producing ATP (cell bioenergetics) anaerobic glycolysis - lactic ATP-PC - alactic
phosphorylation the transfer of energy in the form of phosphate bonds, it is vital force regulation and the energy is generated by the oxidation of carbs, fats and proteins
cellular oxidation oxidation = transfer o2 H+ or electrons, always loss of electrons, an increase in oxidative state reduction = gain of electrons , reduction of oxidative state
short term ATP-PC pathways (alactic pathways) - no oxygen is needed, energy is supplied quickly no lactic acid is produced - 100% effort anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid pathway) - glucose and glycogen = quick energy more ATP is produced no oxygen is used and that's why lactic acid is produced cytosol and sustain effort
long term aerobic system which includes the ; Krebs cycle larger amounts of ATP produced by fats and carbs uses oxygen = supply takes longer more efficient mitochondria recovery
relative contribution energy supply - fuels well contribute to meeting energy demands, energy demands relative to requirements of sporting events fitness - specific training will influence both energy demand ad contribution from pathways.
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