thermodynamics

THE UNIVERSITY of EDINBURGH SCHOOL OF PHYSICS University Homepage School of Physics Homepage Graeme Ackland's Front Page Thermodynamics Thermodynamics 2013-14 Welcome to the homepage for Junior Honours Thermal Physics Part 1: Thermodynamics. Here you will find lecture notes, tutorial sheets, hand-in questions etc. The recommended text on which the course is based is "Thermal Physics" by Finn. there are several copies in the library.I will post solutions with feedback to the hand-ins and tutorials after the fact. If you really want to see the tutorial solutions before hand you can probably find them in the google cache or from last year's students. But it's a much better learning method to try them cold first, so I've protecting you from temptation.The overheads used in lectures are not intended to make sense on their own. All useful information is in the lecture notes.Notes, tutorials and solutions have all been majorly rewritten over the summer. There will be typoes - please let me know!Thermodynamics is a fantastic subject - enjoy! Notes and announcements Question 8.4 is taken from Finn 7.15, which turns out to have some confusion with specific/sample volume (V=nv). It's now corrected.I have rewritten question 2.2 which people were finding hard to understand. It still has the same answer, but please let me know if the question is any clearer.Feedback from SSLC: assignments were due when the course material had not been, or only just been covered in the lectures Assignment 1 does introduce some quantities which are not covered in lectures {\it at all}: thrust and useful power of a jet engine. They are fully defined in the question and are essential to demonstrate when a ramjet is useful. This will not occur in other hand-ins. Lectures and Tutorials Lectures (LTB) Mo 10h00-10h50 Th 10h00-10h50 Tutorials (Now CONFIRMED) Mo 16h10-17h00 (5215) Th 16h10-17h00 (2209)For weeks 2 and 3, we will run an additional tutorial on FridayThere will be 4 assessed problem sheets for this course (visiting students leaving after this semester only do the first 3).Hand-in timetable:Assessment 1: End of week 3 4pm Oct 4th GENERAL FEEDBACKAssessment 2: End of week 6 4pm Oct 25th Indicative marking scheme, parts a-i ( 2,2,3,3,3,2,2,2,1 ) GENERAL FEEDBACKAssessment 3: End of week 9 4pm Nov 15th Indicative marking scheme, parts a-i ( 2,2,2,2,3,2,2,3,2) GENERAL FEEDBACKAssessment 4 (past paper): The 4th assessment is to complete ALL questions on the May 2011 thermodynamics exam paper. End of week 11 4pm Nov 29thRevision classes will be held in April , Lecture Notes, Tutorial Sheets and Solutions If you spot any errors or omissions in the lecture notes and problem sheets let me know and they will be corrected in the online version. Finalised course notes will be available shortly after the lectures: they will be very similar to last year's which are available now.  Ongoing Commentary and Feedback Here I will make a note of feedback given to individual students, in those cases where it seems relevant to the whole class.The preferred text for the course is Finn's Thermal Physics - there are several copies in the library. You should attempt the tutorial problems in advance of the problems class feedback session. There are solutions, but you will learn much better if you can resist them temptation to look at them. LECTURES: Will cover the foundations and proofs of thermodynamics, illustrated with examples drawn for various physics problems.. TUTORIALS: Will give you the chance to train your skills by practice on a series of problems Both lectures and tutorials will cover theory and the practical application by relating it to physical systems which are somewhat familiar. REMEMBER: The Mon/Tue/Fri problem classes are your chance to get feedback on your work from Prof Ackland and the two demonstrators I'm going to work on the assumption that anyone who doesn't come is able to do the problems without needing assistance or feedback. This is my first year of teaching the course, but the content has not changed. If you spot any errors in the notes or questions, please let me know. Lecture Notes Section   1: ( PDF )   Systems, surroundings and thermodynamic variables; work and equilibrium introduced. Section   2: ( PDF )   Temperature and the Zeroth law of Thermodynamics. Section   3: ( PDF )   Processes. Reversibility. Partial Differentials and state functions Section   4: ( PDF )   Internal energy: heat capacities and the First Law of Thermodynamics. Section   5: ( PDF )   isothermal and adiabatic expansions; Ideal gas and van der Waals equation of state. Section   6: ( PDF )   Cyclic processes: heat engines. The Second Law of Thermodynamics. Carnot's Theorem. Section   7: ( PDF )   Thermodynamic temperature scale. Carnot devices. Section   8: ( PDF )   The Clausius inequality. Entropy, and principle of increase in entropy. Section   9: ( PDF )   The Central Equation of Thermodynamics. Entropy, probablilty and disorder. Section 10: ( PDF )   The thermodynamic potentials: internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz and Gibbs free energy. Maxwell's relations. Section 11: ( PDF )   Properties and processes, including applications of Maxwell's relations, part 1 Section 12: ( PDF )   Properties and processes, including applications of Maxwell relations part 2, Section 13: ( PDF )   Magnetic systems -- refrigeration and black body radiation. Section 14: ( PDF )   Phases: the PVT surface and the equlibrium condition for two phases. Phase equilibrium. Section 15: ( PDF )   Positive Compressibility and Heat Capacity. Calculating Entropy. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The vaporization curve. First order phase changes. Section 16: ( PDF ) Second order phase changes. The Ehrenfest equations. Section 17: ( PDF )   The Third Law of Thermodynamics, continued. Entropy. probability, disorder Section 18: ( PDF )  Chemical potential - treatment of open systems Section 19: ( PDF )   Nonequilibrium thermodynamics, self-organisation and flow Section 20: Review, Revision, Requests. (No notes) PDF of overheads Exercises Sheet 1: ( PDF )   Mainly revision Sheet 2: ( PDF )   Temperature scales, work, equations of state Sheet 3: ( PDF )   Work and heat, the First Law, expansion processes Sheet 4: ( PDF )   Processes, and introduction to the Second Law Sheet 5: ( PDF )   Heat engines Sheet 6: ( PDF )   Entropy Sheet 7: ( PDF )   Maxwell relations and thermodynamic potentials Sheet 8: ( PDF )   Expansion processes again Sheet 9: ( PDF )   Miscellanea, and phase transitions Sheet 10: ( PDF )   Phase transitions and Clausius-Clapeyron  Problem solving is an integral part of the course and you are strongly encouraged and to work through the problems on the tutorial sheets and then to attend the class. Two postgraduate students will act as course tutors. Solutions to Exercises These will become available after the Thursday tutorial Solutions to Sheet 1: Solutions to Sheet 2: Solutions to Sheet 3: Solutions to Sheet 4: Solutions to Sheet 5: Solutions to Sheet 6: Solutions to Sheet 7: Solutions to Sheet 8: Solutions to Sheet 9: Solutions to Sheet 10:  Examination Papers The examination is at the end of SECOND semester, except for single-semester visiting students who have a bespoke paper at the end of the first semester.Previous Examination Papers can be found via the central University Library site. This requires an Edinburgh University login. Although there will always be some rote-learnable sections, the examination questions will probe whether you understand what you've been taught, not simply whether you can remember it. The purpose of this course is to teach you some physics, not to help you pass the examination. But if you are interested in passing the examination, it is a good idea to practice with some past papers. There will be additional sessions prior to the examination period in which you can ask for feedback on your attempts at previous examination papers. Remember that while a tutorial problem gives you practice at testing you own understanding, an examination answer also requires you to communicate that information to another human being who marks the paper. A very instructive way to check this is to attempt a paper under exam conditions and then get a friend to mark it The overall mark is split between Coursework, 10% and Degree Examination, 90% Recommended texts: (1) Finn, 'Thermal Physics' ; (2) Adkins, 'Equilibrium Thermodynamics', (3) Sears and Salinger "Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory, and Statistical Mechanics" I'm going to evaluate Introduction to Modern Thermodynamics by Dilip Kondepudi http://stp.clarku.edu/notes/ (Online book) http://www.core.org.cn/OcwWeb/Physics/8-333Fall-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm (MIT notes) Copyright © 2013 The School of Physics, The University of Edinburgh.  Contact: Graeme Ackland G.J.Ackland@ed.ac.uk

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