10778048
Descripción
Test por Ben Williams, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Ben Williams
hace alrededor de 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which of the following describe SSRI's?
Respuesta
-
Block reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic terminal
-
Very selective with few/less bothersome side effects
-
Least sedative effect
-
Decrease serotonin and norepinephrine without an appreciable effect on dopamine
-
Drug of choice with major depression
-
Highest potential for OD in the anti-depressants
-
Used to treat depression
-
Dangerous if taken with foods that contain tyramine (processed meats, pork, alcohol, chocolate)
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following describe SNRI's?
Respuesta
-
Decrease serotonin and norepinephrine without an appreciable effect on dopamine
-
Drug of choice with major depression
-
May be used for chronic pain
-
Very selective with few/less bothersome side effects
-
Not very selective, has more interactions with other drugs
-
Directly increase activity at amine synapses
-
Dangerous if taken with foods that contain tyramine (processed meats, pork, alcohol, chocolate)
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following describe Tricyclics?
Respuesta
-
Block the reuptake of amine neurotransmitters into the presynaptic terminal
-
Not very selective, has more interactions with other drugs
-
Highest potential for OD in the anti-depressants
-
Block reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic terminal
-
Drug of choice with major depression
-
Directly increase activity at amine synapses
-
Not the drug of choice for depression; higher incidence of side effects
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following describe MAO Inhibitors?
Respuesta
-
Directly increase activity at amine synapses
-
Not the drug of choice for depression; higher incidence of side effects
-
Dangerous if taken with foods that contain tyramine (processed meats, pork, alcohol, chocolate)
-
Very selective with few/less bothersome side effects
-
Least sedative effect
-
Drug of choice with major depression
-
Not very selective, has more interactions with other drugs
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
With Serotonin Syndrome, serotonin accumulates in the brain causing sweating, agitation, restlessness, shivering, and tachycardia, leading to seizures, coma, or death.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Depression occurs when there is an excessive amount of one (or more) of the amine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) in the CNS. Therefore, treatment for depression revolves around selective stripping of these neurotransmitters, one at a time.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Depression occurs when there is a lack of one of the amine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) .
Anti-depressant medications work to block the reuptake of the amines (SSRI, SNRI, Tricyclics) or increase the sensitivity of the amine receptors and block the destruction of the amines (MAO Inhibitors).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Select the common side effects of Tricyclics.
Respuesta
-
Sedation
-
Anticholinergic Effects
-
Orthostatic Hypotension
-
Dry Mouth
-
Confusion
-
Tachycardia
-
Sleep Loss
-
Restlessness
-
Weight Loss
-
Increased Seizure Activity
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Nitroglycerin is used to treat Bi-Polar Disorder because it prevents the depressive phase of the disorder.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Lithium is used to treat Bi-Polar Disorder because it prevents the manic phase of the disorder.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Schizophrenia is triggered by a combination of which of the following?
Respuesta
-
Genetic Factors
-
Environmental Triggers (brain injury or social stress)
-
Disease
-
Age
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Once triggered, Schizophrenia is caused by which of the following? **Updated**
Respuesta
-
Excessive dopamine synthesis and release by the presynaptic neuron
-
Decreased dopamine breakdown at the synapse
-
Increased postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitivity
-
Overactivity of Serotonin
-
Increased dopamine transmission in areas such as the limbic system
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Antipsychotic medications end in which of the following?
Respuesta
-
-azine
-
-apine
-
-idone
-
-olol
-
-ase
-
-am
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which of the following are advantages of using the newer antipsychotics (-apine, -idone) instead of the traditional medications (-azine)?
Respuesta
-
Decreased risk of motor side effects
-
Less incidence of relapse
-
Drugs don’t work long enough to cause receptor supersensitivity
-
No chance of orthostatic hypotension
-
Decreased risk of metabolic effects
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Side effects for antipsychotice drugs include which of the following?
Respuesta
-
Extrapyramidal Symptoms (Tardive Dyskinesia)
-
Orthostatic Hypotension
-
Photosensitivity
-
Metabolic Effects
-
Anticholinergic Effects
-
GI Syndromes (Nausea, Vomiting, etc)
-
Serotonin Syndrome
-
Addiction
-
Anterograde Amnesia
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following are Extrapyramidal Side Effects?
Respuesta
-
Acute Dystonic Reactions
-
Akathisia
-
Pseudo-Parkinsonism
-
Tardive Dyskinesia
-
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
-
Blurred Vision
-
Dry Mouth
-
Constipation
-
Urinary Retention
-
Rigidity
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following are Anticholinergic Side Effects?
Respuesta
-
Blurred Vision
-
Dry Mouth
-
Constipation
-
Urinary Retention
-
Sedation
-
Confusion
-
Dyskinesia
-
Apathy
-
Nausea
-
Chorea
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which of the following best describes Status Epilepticus?
Respuesta
-
A medical emergency due to a state of Continuous Seizures.
-
Medical term for a patient with epilepsy.
-
Medical term for a patient who was previously epileptic, but is no longer.
-
A patient who has epilepsy, but has not had a seizure.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What are the criteria for withdrawal from an anti-epileptic drug?
Respuesta
-
Seizure-free for 2 years, good control for 1 year after medication began
-
Normal neurological exam
-
Initial seizure onset during childhood
-
Normal neurological exam for 3 years in a row
-
Initial seizure onset during adulthood
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Seizure-free for 1 year, good control for 6 months after medication began
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Seizure-free for 5 years, good control for 3 years after medication began
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
While working in an inpatient setting, you are given a patient with epilepsy. In order to minimize the seizure risk during therapy, which of the following is most appropriate?
Respuesta
-
Perform therapy in the patient's room rather than the therapy department, in order to minimize visual and audible stimuli.
-
Perform therapy at the same time every day.
-
Perform therapy right before the patient eats a meal.
-
Have a therapy tech on hand to help catch the patient in case they fall.
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following are true regarding carbidopa?
Respuesta
-
Carbidopa inhibits the premature breakdown of levodopa
-
Allows for a lower dosage of levodopa
-
Carbidopa is the gold standard for Parkinson's medications
-
Carbidopa is a precursor to dopamine
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which of the following are side effects of Sinemet?
Respuesta
-
Dyskinesia
-
GI Problems
-
Orthostatic Hypotension
-
Depression
-
Anxiety
-
Weight Loss
-
Weight Gain
-
Hypertension
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Sinemet contains which of the following?
Respuesta
-
Dopamine
-
Levodopa
-
Carbidopa
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Order the Stages of General Anesthesia:
1.) [blank_start]Analgesia[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]Excitement/Delirium[blank_end]
3.) [blank_start]Surgical Anesthesia[blank_end]
4.) [blank_start]Medullary Paralysis[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Analgesia
-
Excitement/Delirium
-
Surgical Anesthesia
-
Medullary Paralysis
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Of the following General Anesthetics, which are administered via inhalation?
Respuesta
-
Nitrous oxide
-
Halothane
-
Desflurane
-
Barbiturates
-
Benzodiazepines
-
Opiods
-
Dexmedetomidine
-
Etomidate
-
Propofol
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Of the following General Anesthetics, which are administered via intravenous injection?
Respuesta
-
Barbiturates
-
Benzodiazepines
-
Opiods
-
Nitrous Oxide
-
Volatile Liquids
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Why do General Anesthetics have a hangover effect?
Respuesta
-
They are generally administered with a shot of tequila.
-
They are very lipid soluble and some wind up stored in adipose tissue for a bit.
-
General Anesthetics do not have a hangover effect.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Adjuvants may be administered with a general anesthetic to provide additional effects, such as sedation/relaxation and neuromuscular blocking.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Local anesthetics end in which of the following suffixes?
Respuesta
-
-caine
-
-caide
-
-olol
-
-dine
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Why is epinephrine commonly administered with local anesthetics?
Respuesta
-
The vasoconstrictive ability of epinephrine limits the distribution of the drug, thus avoiding the toxic effect which occurs when too much of the drug reaches systemic circulation.
-
Epinephrine increases HR, thus limiting the amount of time the drug stays in one place which can cause necrosis.
-
Epinephrine is not commonly administered with a local anesthetic. You are thinking of Norepinephrine.
-
Many patients are allergic to local anesthetics, so administering epinephrine prior to the local anesthetic minimizes the chance of an allergic reaction.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
What is a Bier Block?
Respuesta
-
Intravenous (IV) injection of local anesthetic into an arm or leg to block the limb.
-
Injection of local anesthetic into the sympathetic chain ganglion for CRPS.
-
Injection of local anesthetic for a spinal nerve block (aka epidural).
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Heating modalities accelerate transdermal absorption of local anesthetics. Thus, applying moist heat before beginning ROM components of therapy is beneficial because it will help the patient stretch further.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
2 classifications of postsynaptic receptors based on NTs
[blank_start]Cholinergic[blank_end] receptor: acetylcholine, targets parasympathetic nervous system
and some sympathetic. Increase activity at synapses.
[blank_start]Adrenergic[blank_end] receptor: norepinephrine, targets sympathetic nervous system.
Diminish response of tissues.
Respuesta
-
Cholinergic
-
Adrenergic
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Cholinergic Drugs can be used to treat which of the following?
Respuesta
-
Alzheimer's Disease
-
Glaucoma
-
Myasthenia Gravis
-
Parkinon's Disease
-
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
-
Motion Sickness
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Anti-Cholinergic Drugs can be used to treat which of the following?
Respuesta
-
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
-
Parkinson's Disease
-
Motion Sickness
-
Alzheimer's Disease
-
Glaucoma
-
Myasthenia Gravis
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which of the following are side effects of cholinergic drugs?
Respuesta
-
Salivation
-
Lacrimation
-
Urination
-
Diarrhea
-
GI Cramps
-
Emesis
-
Vasodilation
-
Delirium
-
Blurred vision
-
Urinary Retention
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which of the following are side effects of anti-cholinergic drugs?
Respuesta
-
Decreased sweat
-
Blurred vision
-
Dry mouth
-
Urinary retention
-
Vasodilation
-
CNS delirium
-
Salivation
-
GI Cramps
-
Emesis
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
[blank_start]Adrenergic Antagonists[blank_end] inhibit response to adrenaline/epinephrine/norepinephrine which decreases sympathetic response.
[blank_start]Adrenergic Agonists[blank_end] stimulate response to adrenaline/epinephrine/norepinephrine which increases sympathetic response.
[blank_start]Cholinergic Stimulants[blank_end] increase activity at synapses which increases parasympathetic responses.
[blank_start]Anti-Cholinergics[blank_end] decrease activity at synapses which decreases parasympathetic responses.
Respuesta
-
Adrenergic Antagonists
-
Adrenergic Agonists
-
Cholinergic Stimulants
-
Anti-Cholinergics
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Which of the following adrenergic drugs do the following?
Vasoconstrict smooth muscle thus increase BP
Respuesta
-
Alpha-1 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha-2 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-1 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-2 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha Antagonists
-
Beta Blockers
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which of the following adrenergic drugs do the following?
Inhibit Sympathetic Discharge (brain and spinal cord)
Respuesta
-
Alpha-1 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha-2 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-1 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-2 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha Antagonists
-
Beta Blockers
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Which of the following adrenergic drugs do the following?
Increase HR and CO
Respuesta
-
Alpha-1 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha-2 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-1 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-2 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha Antagonists
-
Beta Blockers
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Which of the following adrenergic drugs do the following?
Relaxation of smooth muscle
Respuesta
-
Alpha-1 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha-2 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-1 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-2 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha Antagonists
-
Beta Blockers
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Which of the following adrenergic drugs do the following?
Reduce peripheral vascular tone
Respuesta
-
Alpha-1 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha-2 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-1 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-2 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha Antagonists
-
Beta Blockers
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Which of the following adrenergic drugs do the following?
Decrease HR/contraction force
Respuesta
-
Alpha-1 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha-2 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-1 Selective Agonists
-
Beta-2 Selective Agonists
-
Alpha Antagonists
-
Beta Blockers
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