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BIOL 108 Exam 4 Study Quiz

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Test sobre BIOL 108 Exam 4 Study Quiz, creado por Hannah Erickson el 17/11/2017.
Hannah Erickson
Test por Hannah Erickson, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Hannah Erickson
Creado por Hannah Erickson hace más de 6 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Select the correct term in the drop box for each statement. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Connects the brain to the spinal cord; regulates heart rate and blood pressure and generates respiratory rhythms 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Regulates body temperature and contains your biological clock 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Receives and processes visual and other sensory input, responsible for conscious thought and personality, controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscle 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Monitors body position and modifies motor impulses from your conscious brain
Respuesta
  • 1. Brain stem
  • 1. Cerebellum
  • 1. Cerebrum
  • 1. Diencephalon
  • 2. Brain stem
  • 2. Cerebellum
  • 2. Cerebrum
  • 2. Diencephalon
  • 3. Brain stem
  • 3. Cerebellum
  • 3. Cerebrum
  • 3. Diencephalon
  • 4. Brain stem
  • 4. Cerebellum
  • 4. Cerebrum
  • 4. Diencephalon

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
Select the following term(s) that can be measured using a spirometer.
Respuesta
  • Residual volume
  • Tidal volume
  • Respiratory rate
  • Total lung capacity
  • Vital capacity

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
The two hormones that regulate blood calcium levels are calcitonin and thyroxine (T3/T4).
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Select the correct term in the drop-down box for each sentence. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the pituitary; binds to receptors on cells in the kidneys 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the adrenal medulla in response to activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system as a response to short-term stress 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Stimulates cells in the liver to pull glucose molecules out of the blood and build them into a storage molecule called glycogen 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Nearly every cell in the body has receptors that bind this hormone; increases metabolic rate of target cells; released from the pituitary 5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the hypothalamus; binds to receptors in the anterior pituitary gland where it regulates the secretion of other hormones 6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the pancreas; stimulates cells throughout the body to increase glucose transport
Respuesta
  • 1. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 1. Epinephrine
  • 1. Growth hormone
  • 1. Insulin
  • 1. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 2. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 2. Epinephrine
  • 2. Growth hormone
  • 2. Insulin
  • 2. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 3. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 3. Epinephrine
  • 3. Growth hormone
  • 3. Insulin
  • 3. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 4. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 4. Epinephrine
  • 4. Growth hormone
  • 4. Insulin
  • 4. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 5. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 5. Epinephrine
  • 5. Growth hormone
  • 5. Insulin
  • 5. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 6. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 6. Epinephrine
  • 6. Growth hormone
  • 6. Insulin
  • 6. Releasing/inhibiting hormones

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Label the following highlighted elements of this diagram.
Image:
Lungsnum (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • A. Diaphragm
  • A. Larynx
  • A. Alveolus (air sac)
  • A. Bronchus
  • A. Trachea
  • B. Diaphragm
  • B. Larynx
  • B. Alveolus (air sac)
  • B. Bronchus
  • B. Trachea
  • C. Diaphragm
  • C. Larynx
  • C. Alveolus (air sac)
  • C. Bronchus
  • C. Trachea
  • D. Diaphragm
  • D. Larynx
  • D. Alveolus (air sac)
  • D. Bronchus
  • D. Trachea
  • E. Diaphragm
  • E. Larynx
  • E. Alveolus (air sac)
  • E. Bronchus
  • E. Trachea

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Hormones will have a stronger effect on the body whehn they are more abundant or when there are more receptors for that hormone.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Type II diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which the pancreatic cells that produce insulin are destroyed, which causes a lack of insulin production; it can be corrected with insulin shots.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
The endocrine system has certain characteristics that set it apart from the nervous system. Which characteristics are typical of the endocrine system, but NOT the nervous system?
Respuesta
  • Hormones released from a gland can affect the activity of cells in a variety of locations within the body, whereas one action potential travels to one specific location within the body.
  • Signals have an immediate effect on target cells.
  • Signals are sent using a combination of electrical and chemical signals
  • Hormones rely on cell receptors to transfer a message but neurotransmitters do not require receptors.

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Which of the following events associated with the transmission of an impulse across a synapse occurs last?
Respuesta
  • Neurotransmitter is released into synaptic shift
  • Action potential arrives at the end of an axon (the axon terminal, or bulb)
  • Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on postsynaptic membrane
  • Neurotransmitter is broken down by enzymes or transported into presynaptic axon

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
The central nervous system is composed of
Respuesta
  • Nerves and ganglia
  • The brain and spinal cord
  • The nerves and tracts
  • The cerebrum and cerebellum

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Breathing in carbon monoxide can cause health problems because
Respuesta
  • It competes with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin, which reduces oxygen loading at the lungs and delivery to the tissues
  • It impairs pacemaker cells in the heart and slows the heart rate, which reduces blood flow to the body's tissues
  • It can come out of the solution while circulating in theh blood, whihc forms tiny, painful bubbles in the blood
  • It affects the brain in a way that is similar to excess alcohol consumption--ie, it has an intoxicating effect

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Caffeine affects the nervous system by
Respuesta
  • Inhibitnig the release of antidiuretic hormone
  • Blocking the receptors for adenosine
  • Inhibiting activity in the cerebellum
  • Enhancing the effects of cortisol

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Physicians recommend that people breathe through their noses instead of their mouths. Which of the following occurs as air is drawn into the blood through the nose?
Respuesta
  • Air is dried
  • Carbon dioxide is removed from the air
  • Air is warmed and filtered
  • Moisture is removed from the air

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Neurons store neurotransmitters in vesicles located within
Respuesta
  • Synaptic terminals of axons
  • Schwann cells
  • Dendrites
  • Myelin

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
As you exhale, the diaphragm
Respuesta
  • Contracts and becomes less dome shaped
  • Relaxes and becomes less dome shaped
  • Contracts and becomes more dome-shaped
  • Relaxes and becomes more dome-shaped

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Where does the cerebral cortex dedicate the most space to processing sensory input from?
Respuesta
  • Fingertips
  • Soles of the feet
  • Neck
  • Forearm

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
If you consume caffeine daily for weeks at a time, its effects on your nervous system are reduced because
Respuesta
  • The blood-brain barrier becomes less permeable to caffeine, which makes it less able to get into your brain
  • The neurons in hyour brain add more receptors that bind caffeine
  • The hypothalamus secretes inhibiting hormones that reduce the effect of caffeine on your brain
  • The neurons in your brain make fewer receptors that bind caffeine

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?
Respuesta
  • Liver
  • Pituitary
  • Thyroid
  • Adrenal cortex

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
Select the following true statements regarding the effect of smoking on the respiratory system:
Respuesta
  • The production of mucus decreases in response to the presence of smoke.
  • Smoking inhibits the activity of cilia lining the respiratory tract
  • Particles and debris from the smoke accumulate in the mucus of the airway and increase risk for infections by pathogens

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Steroid hormones differ from non-steroid hormones in that steroid hormones...
Respuesta
  • Are water soluble
  • Can typically be introduced to the body through ingestion of an oral (pill) form
  • Cause a change to occur in the target cell
  • Bind to a receptor on the outer surface of the cell membrane

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive, because they use oxygen
Respuesta
  • To make carbon dioxide, which is thehn used to produce ATP
  • To efficiently make large quantities of ATP
  • As an important source of energy for cells
  • To convert amino acids and fatty acids to glucose, which the cell can use to make energy

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
The left and right cerebral hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum, which can be severed as a a treatment for severe cases of
Respuesta
  • epilepsy
  • multiple sclerosis
  • drug addiction
  • carbon monoxide poisoning

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Which of the following would cause an acceleration of heart rate, an increase in blood pressure, and a slowing of digestive processes?
Respuesta
  • Motor division of the somatic nervous system
  • Sensory division of the central nervous system
  • Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
  • Parasympathetic division of the automatic nervous system

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each of the following statements. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A bundle of axons located outside of the brain or spinal cord 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Increases the speed of transmission of an action potential 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A cluster of neuron cell bodies located outside of the brain or spinal cord 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A relatively long cytoplasmic extension from the cell body of a neuron that transmits action potentials 5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A short, branched cytoplasmic extension from the cell body of a neuron that transmits graded potentials toward the cell body 6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] An electrically excitable cell
Respuesta
  • 1. Axon
  • 1. Dendrite
  • 1. Ganglion
  • 1. Myelin sheath
  • 1. Nerve
  • 1. Neuron
  • 2. Axon
  • 2. Dendrite
  • 2. Ganglion
  • 2. Myelin sheath
  • 2. Nerve
  • 2. Neuron
  • 3. Axon
  • 3. Dendrite
  • 3. Ganglion
  • 3. Myelin sheath
  • 3. Nerve
  • 3. Neuron
  • 4. Axon
  • 4. Dendrite
  • 4. Ganglion
  • 4. Myelin sheath
  • 4. Nerve
  • 4. Neuron
  • 5. Axon
  • 5. Dendrite
  • 5. Ganglion
  • 5. Myelin sheath
  • 5. Nerve
  • 5. Neuron
  • 6. Axon
  • 6. Dendrite
  • 6. Ganglion
  • 6. Myelin sheath
  • 6. Nerve
  • 6. Neuron

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Match the correct brain area from the drop-down box to its correct description. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Controls personality, thoughts, reasoning 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Output to skeletal muscles; tells them to move 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Receives input from sensory receptors that monitor external environment 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Plans speech and interprets meaning of speech
Respuesta
  • 1. Wernicke's area
  • 1. Prefrontal area
  • 1. Motor area
  • 1. Somatosensory area
  • 2. Wernicke's area
  • 2. Prefrontal area
  • 2. Motor area
  • 2. Somatosensory area
  • 3. Wernicke's area
  • 3. Prefrontal area
  • 3. Motor area
  • 3. Somatosensory area
  • 4. Wernicke's area
  • 4. Prefrontal area
  • 4. Motor area
  • 4. Somatosensory area

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
If you live long enough, hyou will eventually need reading glasses, because of age-related chages to the...
Respuesta
  • Retina
  • Cornea
  • Pupil
  • Lens

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
Which structure is in direct contact with the air?
Respuesta
  • Pupil
  • Sclera
  • Cornea
  • Iris

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
Which of the following can readily cross the blood-brain barrier?
Respuesta
  • Oxygen
  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Viruses

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
Which of hese endocrine structures is part of the brain?
Respuesta
  • Pituitary gland
  • Hypothalamus
  • Adrenal medulla
  • Cerebellum

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
This subconscious (involuntary) brain region monitors body position and modifies motor plans to coordinate muscle activity
Respuesta
  • Diencephalon
  • Brain strem
  • Cerebellum
  • Cerebrum

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
Oligodendrocytes are similar to Schwann cells in that they both
Respuesta
  • Help neurons regenerate after injury
  • Are a glial cell that forms a myelin sheath around axons
  • Are located in the central nervous system
  • Conduct nerve impulses

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Which of the following structures contains muscles that adjust the diameter of your pupil to regulate how much light enters your eye?
Respuesta
  • Cornea
  • Sclera
  • Ciliary body
  • Iris

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
Which structure contains the highest density of cones, whihc provides the highest visual acuity (ie, clearest vision) when you focus an object directly onto this structure?
Respuesta
  • Macula lutea
  • Optic disc
  • Ciliary body
  • Lens

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
Neurons store neurotransmitters in vesicles located within
Respuesta
  • Dendrites
  • Myelin
  • Synaptic terminals of axons
  • Schwann cells

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
The peripheral nervous system is composed of
Respuesta
  • Nerves and tracts
  • The cerebrum and cerebellum
  • Nerves and ganglia
  • The brain and the spinal cord

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
Which of the following pairs of hormones antagonize each other, meaning that they have the opposite effect on body cells?
Respuesta
  • Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and estrogen
  • Epinephrine and cortisol
  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Insulin and glycogen

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
Hormones are specific to particular tissues because
Respuesta
  • They are released next to target tissues, so they cannot interact with other cells
  • Target tissues display the appropriate receptor for a particular hormone
  • They only affect the cell that releases the hormone

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
Action potentials travel along these cytoplasmic extensions of a neuron
Respuesta
  • Cell bodies
  • Axons
  • Myelin sheaths
  • Dendrites

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
This structure contributes the most to the bending of light rays as they enter the eye, although it does it in a non-adjustable way
Respuesta
  • Ciliary body
  • Iris
  • Cornea
  • Lens

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
A neuron at rest has a charge difference across its cell membrane, with the interior of the cell negative relative to the exterior. This difference in charge across the plasma membrane is referred to as ____ potential
Respuesta
  • Graded
  • Depolarization
  • Resting
  • Refractory
  • Action

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
Which of these causes the release of neurotransmitter molecules?
Respuesta
  • The opening of voltage-regulated calcium channels and the diffusion of calcium ions out of the neuron
  • An action potential reaching the end of the cell body
  • An action potentila reaching the end of an axon
  • An action potential reaching the end of the dendrite

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
The space between an axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is called a(n)
Respuesta
  • Synaptic cleft
  • Node of Ranvier
  • Synapse
  • Synaptic terminal

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Neurons store neurotransmitter molecules in vesicles located within
Respuesta
  • Myelin
  • The synaptic cleft
  • Dendrites
  • Synaptic terminals

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
Cells that provide direct protection and physical support to neurons are
Respuesta
  • Myelienated
  • Neuroglial cells
  • Found primarily in lymphatic fluids
  • Located only in the spinal fluid

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
An action potential....
Respuesta
  • Is larger in response to larger stimuli
  • Is self-propagating
  • Travels faster in response to larger stimuli
  • Can travel in both directions down an axon or dendrite

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
An impulse relayed along a myelinated axon "jumps" from [blank_start]node of Ranvier[blank_end] to [blank_start]node of Ranvier[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • (1) node of Ranvier
  • (1) Oligodendrocyte
  • (1) Schwann cell
  • (2) node of Ranvier
  • (2) Oligodendrocyte
  • (2) Schwann cell

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
What part of a neuron relays signals from one neuron to another neuron or to an effector?
Respuesta
  • Axon hillock
  • Synaptic terminal
  • Axon
  • Node of Ranvier

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
Select the following answers which are functions of the myelin sheath.
Respuesta
  • It slows down the transmission of action potentials.
  • It is involved in the repair of damaged neurons in the peripheral nervous system.
  • It insulates a neuron and saves the neuron energy.
  • It plays an important role in synaptic transmission.

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along
Respuesta
  • Dendrites
  • Axons
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Nodes of Ranvier

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
When neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron, ....
Respuesta
  • Ion channels in the plasma membrane of the sending neuron open
  • Ion channels in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron open
  • The receiving neuron becomes more negative inside
  • The receiving neuron becomes more positive inside

Pregunta 51

Pregunta
The small space between the sending neuron and the recceiving neuron is the
Respuesta
  • Synaptic terminal
  • Calcium channel
  • Vesicle
  • Synaptic cleft

Pregunta 52

Pregunta
When calcium ions enter the synaptic terminal,
Respuesta
  • They cacuse an action potential in the sending neuron
  • They cause vesicles containing neurotransmiter molecules to fuse to the plasma membrane of the sending neuron
  • Neurotransmitter molecules are quickly remoed from the synaptic cleft
  • The inside of the receiving neuron becomes more negative

Pregunta 53

Pregunta
The peripherary nervous system includes a sensory division and a motor division.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 54

Pregunta
The central nervous sytem is encclosed by membranes or meninges called the
Respuesta
  • Dura mater, alma mater, and pia mater
  • Dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid
  • Pleura, parietal, and arachnoid
  • Glial, Schwann, and interstitial

Pregunta 55

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex?
Respuesta
  • Brain
  • Interneuron
  • Motor neuron
  • Sensory neuron

Pregunta 56

Pregunta
In general, the [blank_start]sympathetic nervous system[blank_end] is most active during a crisis (eg, flight-or-flight) while the [blank_start]parasympathetic nervous system[blank_end] is most active during visceral functions.
Respuesta
  • (1) sympathetic nervous system
  • (1) parasympathetic nervous system
  • (2) parasympathetic nervous system
  • (2) sympathetic nervous system

Pregunta 57

Pregunta
Both sympathetic nerve fibers and parasympathetic nerve fibers use the same neurotransmitter.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 58

Pregunta
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers may innervate the same organs, but they have generally opposite effects.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 59

Pregunta
In general, the neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system is acetylcholine, and the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system is norepinephrine.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 60

Pregunta
White matter of the spinal cord contains [blank_start]myelinated nerves[blank_end], whereas gray matter contains [blank_start]unmyelinated cell bodies[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • (1) myelinated nerves
  • (1) unmyelinated cell bodies
  • (2) unmyelinated cell bodies
  • (2) myelinated nerves

Pregunta 61

Pregunta
Control of smooth muscle and internal organs is the role of the [blank_start]autonomic[blank_end] divsion of the nervous sytem.
Respuesta
  • Autonomic
  • Somatic
  • Postsynaptic

Pregunta 62

Pregunta
The [blank_start]parasympathetic division[blank_end] of the nervous system dominates during the relaxed state.
Respuesta
  • parasympathetic division
  • somatic division
  • autonomic divsion
  • sympathetic division

Pregunta 63

Pregunta
Information coming into the central nervous system arrives via [blank_start]sensory neurons[blank_end], while information going from the central nervous system to the muscles, glands, and organs travels via [blank_start]motor neurons[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • sensory neurons
  • motor neurons
  • neuroglial cells
  • motor neurons
  • sensory neurons
  • interneurons
  • neuroglial cells
  • interneurons

Pregunta 64

Pregunta
Which of the following activities would be facilitated by the sympathetic nervous system?
Respuesta
  • Decreased heart rate
  • Decreased respiratory rate
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Increased digestion and absorption

Pregunta 65

Pregunta
Label the four main regions of the brain.
Image:
Brain 1007686 960 720 (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • (4) Occipital lobe
  • (4) Parietal lobe
  • (4) Frontal lobe
  • (4) Temporal lobe
  • (3) Occipital lobe
  • (3) Parietal lobe
  • (3) Temporal lobe
  • (3) Frontal lobe
  • (2) Occipital lobe
  • (2) Parietal lobe
  • (2) Temporal lobe
  • (2) Frontal lobe
  • (1) Occipital lobe
  • (1) Parietal lobe
  • (1) Temporal lobe
  • (1) Frontal lobe

Pregunta 66

Pregunta
Select the following elements contained in the FRONTAL LOBE of the human brain.
Respuesta
  • Higher intellectual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Pregunta 67

Pregunta
Select the following elements contained in the PARIETAL LOBE of the human brain.
Respuesta
  • Higher intellectual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Pregunta 68

Pregunta
Select the following elements contained in the OCCIPITAL LOBE of the human brain.
Respuesta
  • Higher intellecctual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Pregunta 69

Pregunta
Select the following elements contained in the TEMPORAL LOBE of the human brain.
Respuesta
  • Higher intellectual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Pregunta 70

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is associated with conscious thought, memory, and personality?
Respuesta
  • Cerebellum
  • Pons
  • Medulla
  • Cerebral cortex

Pregunta 71

Pregunta
What part of the brain functions as a relay station for information to the limbic system and the cerebral cortex?
Respuesta
  • Hypothalamus
  • Midbrain
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Thalamus

Pregunta 72

Pregunta
An individual who has sufferd a stroke, which has caused damage in his cerebrum, and is now having problems with his hearing, has probably suffered damge to his [blank_start]temporal[blank_end] lobe.
Respuesta
  • temporal
  • occipital
  • parietal
  • frontal

Pregunta 73

Pregunta
The left and right sides of the cerebrum are interconnected by the [blank_start]corpus callosum[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • corpus callosum
  • medulla oblongata
  • pons
  • thalamus
  • cerebral cortex

Pregunta 74

Pregunta
[blank_start]Short-term memory[blank_end] involves quick bursts of action potentials in the limbic system, and [blank_start]long-term memory[blank_end] resides in the cerebral cortex and involves permanent changes in neurons and synapses.
Respuesta
  • Short-term memory
  • Long-term memory
  • long-term memory
  • short-term memory

Pregunta 75

Pregunta
Short-term memory is associated with the [blank_start]limbic system[blank_end], whereas long-term meory is associated with the [blank_start]cerebral cortex[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • (1) limbic system
  • (1) cerebral cortex
  • (1) hypothalamus
  • (2) cerebral cortex
  • (2) limbic system
  • (2) hypothalamus

Pregunta 76

Pregunta
The coordination necessary for a musician to play the piano depends on control exerted by the
Respuesta
  • Thalamus
  • Cerebral cortex
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Cerebellum

Pregunta 77

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating the heart and respiratory rates and blood pressure?
Respuesta
  • Cerebral cortex
  • Thalamus
  • Cerebellum
  • Medulla oblongata

Pregunta 78

Pregunta
Which of the following are associated with storage of long-term memory?
Respuesta
  • The limbic system
  • Permanent changes in neurons
  • The formation of new synapses
  • The cerebral cortex

Pregunta 79

Pregunta
Some of the functions of the hypothalamus are the regulation of breast milk, carbohydrate metabolism, and temperature control.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 80

Pregunta
Conscious thought is associated wiht the cerebellum.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 81

Pregunta
Psychoactive drugs are characterized by the fact that they alter [blank_start]levels of neurotransmitters[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • levels of neurotransmitters
  • the amplitude of action potentials
  • the travel speed of action potentials

Pregunta 82

Pregunta
The [blank_start]cerebellum[blank_end] coordinates antagonistic muscle movements.
Respuesta
  • cerebellum
  • thalamus
  • pons
  • occipital lobe
  • medulla oblongata

Pregunta 83

Pregunta
Which of the following parts of the brain effectively links the nervous system and the endocrine system?
Respuesta
  • Cerebellum
  • Hypothalamus
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Cerebral cortex

Pregunta 84

Pregunta
Rods and cones are the photoreceptors of the eye.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 85

Pregunta
The choroid is the tough layer that forms the "white" of the eye.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 86

Pregunta
The [blank_start]lens[blank_end] changes shape to focus light on the retina.
Respuesta
  • lens
  • cornea
  • vitreous humor
  • optic nerve

Pregunta 87

Pregunta
What is the opening that allows light into the interior of the eye?
Respuesta
  • Sclera
  • Pupil
  • Optic nerve
  • Retina

Pregunta 88

Pregunta
Both the lens and the cornea are involved in focusing light.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 89

Pregunta
As humans age, their ability to focus on nearby objects deteoriates. This is the result of
Respuesta
  • Stiffening of the lens and loss of accommodation capability
  • The loss of rods and cones
  • Changing shape of the eyeball
  • Increased viscosity of the aqueous and vitreous humor

Pregunta 90

Pregunta
This is the path of light through the eye: 1. [blank_start]Cornea[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Aqueous humor[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Pupil[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Lens[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Vitreous humor[blank_end] 6. [blank_start]Retina[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • 1. Cornea
  • 1. Aqueous humor
  • 1. Pupil
  • 1. Lens
  • 1. Vitreous humor
  • 1. Retina
  • 2. Aqueous humor
  • 2. Cornea
  • 2. Pupil
  • 2. Lens
  • 2. Vitreous humor
  • 2. Retina
  • 3. Pupil
  • 3. Cornea
  • 3. Aqueous humor
  • 3. Lens
  • 3. Vitreous humor
  • 3. Retina
  • 4. Lens
  • 4. Cornea
  • 4. Aqueous humor
  • 4. Pupil
  • 4. Vitreous humor
  • 4. Retina
  • 5. Vitreous humor
  • 5. Cornea
  • 5. Aqueous humor
  • 5. Pupil
  • 5. Lens
  • 5. Retina
  • 6. Retina
  • 6. Cornea
  • 6. Aqueous humor
  • 6. Pupil
  • 6. Lens
  • 6. Vitreous humor

Pregunta 91

Pregunta
The retina regulates the amount of light entering the eye.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 92

Pregunta
Lasik treatment functions to improve eyesight by changing the shape of the cornea.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 93

Pregunta
The "blind spot" is associated with the...
Respuesta
  • Vitreous humor
  • Choroid
  • Lens
  • Optic disk

Pregunta 94

Pregunta
The primary function of the [blank_start]middle ear[blank_end] is amplifying sound waves.
Respuesta
  • Inner ear
  • Middle ear
  • Outer ear

Pregunta 95

Pregunta
The following sequence is the pathway by which soundwaves travel through the ear: 1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • 1. External auditory canal
  • 1. Eardrum
  • 1. Oval window
  • 1. Cochlea
  • 2. External auditory canal
  • 2. Eardrum
  • 2. Oval window
  • 2. Cochlea
  • 3. External auditory canal
  • 3. Eardrum
  • 3. Oval window
  • 3. Cochlea
  • 4. External auditory canal
  • 4. Eardrum
  • 4. Oval window
  • 4. Cochlea

Pregunta 96

Pregunta
The part of the ear involved with the sense of equilibrium or balance is the
Respuesta
  • Semiciccular canals only
  • Vestibule and semicircular canals
  • Cochlea
  • Vestibule only

Pregunta 97

Pregunta
1. The auditory nerve is located in the [blank_start]inner ear[blank_end]. 2. The [blank_start]inner ear[blank_end] is the site of the vestibular canal and the tympanic canal. 3. Sound waves moving through the [blank_start]outer ear[blank_end] hit the tympanic membrane. 4. The air-filled chamber in the temporal lobe that contains three small bones is located in the [blank_start]middle ear[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • 1. Inner ear
  • 1. Middle ear
  • 1. Outer ear
  • 2. Inner ear
  • 2. Middle ear
  • 2. Outer ear
  • 3. Outer ear
  • 3. Middle ear
  • 3. Inner ear
  • 4. Middle ear
  • 4. Inner ear
  • 4. Outer ear

Pregunta 98

Pregunta
Label the following parts of the eye.
Image:
Eyeball (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • 1. Ciliary body
  • 1. Ligament
  • 1. Aqueous humor
  • 1. Cornea
  • 1. Iris
  • 1. Lens
  • 1. Optic nerve
  • 1. Vitreous humor
  • 1. Retina
  • 2. Ciliary body
  • 2. Ligament
  • 2. Aqueous humor
  • 2. Cornea
  • 2. Iris
  • 2. Lens
  • 2. Optic nerve
  • 2. Vitreous humoro
  • 2. Retina
  • 3. Ciliary body
  • 3. Ligament
  • 3. Aqueous humor
  • 3. Cornea
  • 3. Iris
  • 3. Lens
  • 3. Optic nerve
  • 3. Vitreous humor
  • 3. Retina
  • 4. Ciliary body
  • 4. Ligament
  • 4. Aqueous humor
  • 4. Cornea
  • 4. Iris
  • 4. Lens
  • 4. Optic nerve
  • 4. Vitreous humor
  • 4. Retina
  • 5. Ciliary body
  • 5. Ligament
  • 5. Aqueous humor
  • 5. Iris
  • 5. Lens
  • 5. Cornea
  • 5. Optic nerve
  • 5. Vitreous humor
  • 5. Retina
  • 6. Ciliary body
  • 6. Ligament
  • 6. Aqueous humor
  • 6. Cornea
  • 6. Iris
  • 6. Lens
  • 6. Optic nerve
  • 6. Vitreous humor
  • 6. Retina
  • 7. Ciliary body
  • 7. Ligament
  • 7. Aqueous humor
  • 7. Cornea
  • 7. Iris
  • 7. Lens
  • 7. Optic nerve
  • 7. Vitreous humor
  • 7. Retina
  • 8. Ciliary body
  • 8. Ligament
  • 8. Aqueous humor
  • 8. Cornea
  • 8. Iris
  • 8. Lens
  • 8. Optic nerve
  • 8. Retina
  • 8. Vitreous humor
  • 9. Ciliary body
  • 9. Ligament
  • 9. Aqueous humor
  • 9. Cornea
  • 9. Iris
  • 9. Lens
  • 9. Optic nerve
  • 9. Retina
  • 9. Vitreous humor

Pregunta 99

Pregunta
Label the parts of the ear.
Image:
Ear (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • (B) Inner ear
  • (B) Middle ear
  • (B) Outer ear
  • (A) Pinna
  • (A) Vestibular apparatus
  • (A) Eustachian tube
  • (C) External auditory canal
  • (C) Eustachian tube
  • (C) Auditory nerve
  • (D) Eardrum (tympanic membrane)
  • (D) Vestibular apparatus
  • (D) Round window
  • (E) Inner ear
  • (E) Middle ear
  • (E) Outer ear
  • (F) Cochlea
  • (F) Incus
  • (F) Malleus
  • (G) Auditory nerve
  • (G) Stapes
  • (G) Eustachian tube

Pregunta 100

Pregunta
In both Type I and Type II diabetes, glucose levels remain higher than normal.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 101

Pregunta
Insulin helps regulate blood sugar at homeostatic levels by activating hormone production in the posterior pituitary gland.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 102

Pregunta
Both glucagon and insulin are produced by the pancreas and they regulate blood glucose levels. [blank_start]Glucagon[blank_end] increases blood glucose by stimulating the release of glucose from glycogen, and [blank_start]insulin[blank_end] decreases it by promoting the uptake of glucose by cells.
Respuesta
  • (1) Glucagon
  • (1) Insulin
  • (2) insulin
  • (2) glucagon

Pregunta 103

Pregunta
Select the following TRUE statements abou the functions of hormones.
Respuesta
  • Hormones affect energy utilization.
  • Hormones influence protein synthesis.
  • Hormones can affect the activities of the plasma membrane.
  • Hormones may be involved in secretory activity.

Pregunta 104

Pregunta
If the level of calcium in the blood falls below the homeostatic level, ....
Respuesta
  • Parathormone levels in the body would increase.
  • Parathormone levels in the body would decrease.
  • The secretion of calcitonin would increase.
  • Bones would begin to store more calcium.

Pregunta 105

Pregunta
You just ate about half of your birthday cake. As a result, your glucose [blank_start]increases[blank_end], insulin [blank_start]increases[blank_end], and glucagon [blank_start]decreases[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • (1) increases
  • (1) decreases
  • (2) increases
  • (2) decreases
  • (3) decreases
  • (3) increases

Pregunta 106

Pregunta
The [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end] controls hormone release by both the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary.
Respuesta
  • hypothalamus
  • thalamus
  • thyroid gland

Pregunta 107

Pregunta
Releasing hormones are secreted from the neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus directly onto the endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 108

Pregunta
FSH promotes sperm production and promotes egg development.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 109

Pregunta
Select the following statements that are true about LH.
Respuesta
  • Promotes sperm production
  • Stimulates testes to produce androgens
  • Promotes egg development
  • Induces ovulation
  • Stimulates ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

Pregunta 110

Pregunta
FSH is produced in the [blank_start]anterior pituitary[blank_end], and LH is produced in the [blank_start]anterior pituitary[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • (1) anterior pituitary
  • (1) posterior pituitary
  • (2) anterior pituitary
  • (2) posterior pituitary

Pregunta 111

Pregunta
Calcitonin stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 112

Pregunta
The parathyroid gland stimulates parathyroid hormone (PTH) when there is low blood Ca2+.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 113

Pregunta
The thymus slowly grows with age.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 114

Pregunta
The gonads produce [blank_start]gametes[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • gametes
  • melatonin
  • thymosins

Pregunta 115

Pregunta
The pineal gland is part of the diencephalon.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 116

Pregunta
The pineal gland produces and secretes [blank_start]melatonin[blank_end], which is important in maintaining your circadian rhythm.
Respuesta
  • melatonin
  • thymosin
  • thyroxine
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