12959393
Descripción
Test por Alannah McDonnell, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Alannah McDonnell
hace más de 6 años
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|
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Flow rate is how much [blank_start]urine[blank_end] you are [blank_start]producing[blank_end] per unit of [blank_start]time[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
urine
-
urea
-
time
-
distance
-
producing
-
consuming
-
voiding
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
GFR is the amount of [blank_start]fluid[blank_end] going into [blank_start]bowmans capsule[blank_end] per unit of [blank_start]time[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
fluid
-
blood
-
bowmans capsule
-
the nephron
-
time
-
flow
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
what is normal glomerular flow rate?
Respuesta
-
100-130ml/min
-
500-600ml/min
-
200-300ml/min
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Filtered load is the same as
Respuesta
-
tubular load
-
GFR
-
Plasma concentration of a solute
-
electrolytes
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
[blank_start]Filtered load[blank_end] / tubular load is the [blank_start]amount of a specific solute[blank_end] ([blank_start]electrolyte, glucose or amino acid[blank_end]) entering [blank_start]bowman's capsule[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
Filtered load
-
amount of a specific solute
-
electrolyte, glucose or amino acid
-
electrolyte, carbohydrate or protein
-
salt
-
bowman's capsule
-
the kidney
-
the nephron
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Filtered Load can be calculated from [blank_start]GFR[blank_end] and [blank_start]Plasma concentration of solute[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
GFR
-
blood flow
-
Plasma concentration of solute
-
blood concentration of solute
-
amount of urine produced
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Inulin is....
Respuesta
-
freely filtered
-
not metabolised
-
not reabsorbed
-
not secreted
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Inulin
The excretion rate = ...
Respuesta
-
excretion rate
-
filtration rate
-
absorption rate
-
consumption rate
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
PAH is ...
Respuesta
-
freely filtered
-
not metabolised
-
not reabsorbed
-
freely secreted
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What does clearance less than 125ml/min indicate?
Respuesta
-
reabsorption
-
secretion
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What does clearance more than 125ml/min indicate?
Respuesta
-
secretion
-
absorption
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What can be used to experimentally measure GFR?
Respuesta
-
Inulin
-
glucose
-
PAH
-
calcium
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
What is elevated Pcr an indicator of?
Respuesta
-
reduced GFR
-
increased GFR
-
non changing GFR
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Threshold is....
Respuesta
-
appearance of solute in urine before you reach the overall Transport maximum of the kidney
-
the plasma concentration at which a substance begins to appear in the urine
-
the tiny amount of solute appearing in urine when a single nephron reaches its maximum
-
the total transport maximum through out all of the nephrons in the kidney
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
what is transport maximum?
Respuesta
-
the total transport maximum through out all of the nephrons in the kidney
-
The point at which an amount of solute appears in urine when nephrons reaches its maximum
-
the plasma concentration at which a substance begins to appear in the urine
-
appearance of solute in urine before you reach the overall threshold of the kidney
-
The maximum rate of the solute shuttling done by transporters
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
How can renal function be measured?
Respuesta
-
imaging techniques
-
renal clearance
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
The [blank_start]renal[blank_end] clearance value of a certain substance is the [blank_start]volume of plasma[blank_end] which is [blank_start]cleared of this substance[blank_end] by the kidney into urine [blank_start]/ min[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
renal
-
volume of plasma
-
volume of urine
-
cleared of this substance
-
/ min
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What do we need to know to measure renal clearance?
Respuesta
-
volume of urine / min
-
concentration of the substance mg/ml urine
-
concentration of the substance mg/ml plasma
-
concentration of the substance mg/ml blood
-
volume of substrate / min
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What properties does a substance used in a plasma clearance test have?
Respuesta
-
does not enter RBCs
-
does not affect normal renal function
-
should not be metabolized by the kidney
-
should be easily measured in plasma & urine
-
should be non toxic
-
should be easy to consume
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What do we use renal clearance for?
Respuesta
-
measurement of GFR
-
measurement of the renal plasma flow rate
-
determining the renal handling of the different substances; whether or not the substance is reabsorbed or secreted by the renal tubules
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What is the rate-limiting step in the tubular transport of glucose?
Respuesta
-
Na-glucose symport
-
glucose uniporter
-
glucose reabsorption
-
ca- glucose symport
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The plasma leaving the kidney through the renal veins lacks .....
Respuesta
-
the substances that are eliminated in the urine
-
proteins
-
plasma
-
the substances that are not eliminated in the urine
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What is creatinine?
Respuesta
-
the end product of creatine metabolism
-
the end product of creatinine metabolism
-
a phospholipid
-
dumped into the blood by smooth muscle
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Creatinine is continuously dumped into the blood by....
Respuesta
-
smooth muscle
-
skeletal muscle
-
cardiac muscle
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
the rate of creatinine appearance in blood is proportional to a person's ....
Respuesta
-
muscle mass
-
fat mass
-
urine excretion
-
blood
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Creatinine is....
Respuesta
-
freely filtered
-
not reabsorbed
-
reabsorbed
-
not freely filtered
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
how much creatinine is secreted by the proximal tubule?
Respuesta
-
10-20%
-
40-50%
-
70-80%
-
85-100%
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
There is a ______________ between plasma creatinine concentration and GFR.
Respuesta
-
inverse correlation
-
indirect correlation
-
direct relationship
-
direct correlation
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
What is the most common method used for routine GFR assessments?
Respuesta
-
creatinine clearance
-
inulin clearance
-
PAH clearance
-
Plasma clearance
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
If there are more solutes present than can be transported, the solutes will end up...
Respuesta
-
In urine
-
Reabsorbed
-
In the blood stream
-
Excreted in faeces
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Renal clearance is comparison of [blank_start]filtration[blank_end] rate of a substance to the rate of it's appearance in the [blank_start]urine[blank_end] i.e. Amount [blank_start]filtered[blank_end] vs amount [blank_start]excreted[blank_end]. It gives info on [blank_start]re-absorption[blank_end] and [blank_start]secretion[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
filtration
-
urine
-
urea
-
blood
-
filtered
-
excreted
-
re-absorption
-
secretion
Pregunta 32
Respuesta
-
A= ?% B=?% C=0% D=100%
-
A= 0% B=50% C=0% D=100%
-
A= 100% B=0% C=?% D=?%
-
A= 25% B=25% C=25% D=25%
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Renal clearance principle is based on the principle of [blank_start]mass[blank_end] [blank_start]balance[blank_end]. Input of X is [blank_start]equal to[blank_end] output of X
Respuesta
-
mass
-
balance
-
equal to
-
more than
-
less than
-
pressure
Pregunta 34
Respuesta
-
C
-
U
-
V
-
P
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Tm for PAH secretory mechanism ~80mg/ml.
PPAH [blank_start]<[blank_end] 80mg/ml = good estimation of RPF
PPAH [blank_start]>[blank_end] 80mg/ml = poor estimation of RPF
At [blank_start]low[blank_end] [blank_start]PPAH[blank_end]: [blank_start]PAH[blank_end] clearance [blank_start]=[blank_end] RPF
Respuesta
-
<
-
>
-
=
-
low
-
high
-
PPAH
-
PAH
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Clearance units are [blank_start]volume[blank_end] per [blank_start]time[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
volume
-
time
-
distance
-
meter
-
second
-
pressure
-
flow
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Clearance is not the amount of the [blank_start]substance removed[blank_end] but instead the volume of [blank_start]plasma from which it was removed[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
substance removed
-
plasma from which it was removed
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
PAH is an abbreviation of ...
Respuesta
-
para-aminohippurate
-
pilo-acidic-hormone
-
pregacilohinutrate
-
primary acid hilute
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