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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Psychologists use critical thinking and scientific investigation to achieve the goals of describing, explaining, ____________________, and ____________________ human behavior.
Respuesta
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manipulating; preserving
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diagnosing; prescribing
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perfecting; curing
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predicting; controlling
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
When current knowledge about an individual and his or her environment can be used to accurately forecast behavior at another time or in another setting, the scientific goal of _______________ has been achieved.
Respuesta
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understanding
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control
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prediction
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description
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which question below relates most directly to the goal of controlling behavior?
Respuesta
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Does depth perception occur when an individual has only one eye?
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Why does a blow to the head cause memory loss?
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Do men and women differ in intellectual abilities?
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How can test anxiety be prevented?
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Of the following, who used introspection as a scientific technique for investigating consciousness?
Respuesta
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B.F. Skinner
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Ivan Pavlov
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John Watson
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Wilhelm Wundt
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
The idea that threatening thoughts are sometimes repressed would be of most interest to a
Respuesta
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Psychoanalyst
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Structuralist
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Gestaltist
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Humanist
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
You see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. She talks to you about the goals you have for yourself, about your image of yourself, and about the choices that you can make in your life so that you can realize your potential. This psychologist would probably belong to the _____________ school of psychology.
Respuesta
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Behavioristic
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Gestalt
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Psychodynamic
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Humanistic
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
In an experiment to find out if taking vitamins increases IQ scores, the IQ scores would be
Respuesta
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The independent variable
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An extraneous variable
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The dependent variable
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A control variable
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following groups serves as a point of reference for a comparison of results in an experiment?
Respuesta
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Experimental group
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Control group
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Dependent Group
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Independent Group
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
One disadvantage of naturalistic observation is that
Respuesta
-
It can only be done properly in the laboratory
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It does not meet the goal of accurately describing behavior in research
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Observer effects and observer bias can be problems
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It provides little information for the effort involved
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
You want to find out what relationship exists between high school grades and college grades. You should use the __________ research method.
Respuesta
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Correlational
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Survey
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Clinical
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Experimental
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Acts as a bridge between the medulla an other structures and influences sleep and arousal
Respuesta
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Pons
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Frontal Lobe
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Thalamus
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Hypothalamus
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
This is the area of the brain that stores the lasting verbal memories and helps us navigate through space.
Respuesta
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Thalamus
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Hippocampus
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Pons
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Medulla
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The reflex control centers for vital life functions like heart rate and breathing are found here.
Respuesta
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Hypothalamus
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Amygdala
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Thalamus
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Medulla
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
This area of the brain is associated with fear response , therefore may also be activated during the fight or flight response and can also be associated with anger or disgust.
Respuesta
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Amygdala
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Cerebellum
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Parietal lobe
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Frontal lobe
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Associated with higher mental abilities and plays a role in your sense of self.
Respuesta
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Frontal lobe
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Thalamus
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Hippocampus
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Pons
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
This brain structure is part of the forebrain and acts as a relay to sort and send sensory information to the cerebral cortex.
Respuesta
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Frontal lobe
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Thalamus
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Pons
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Hippocampus
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
The last place where many behaviors are organized or "decided on" before messages leave the brain and affects behaviors as diverse as sex, rage, emotion, and hunger
Respuesta
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Hypothalamus
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Medulla
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Amygdala
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Cerebellum
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Muscle tone, body balance, and muscular coordinate are regulated by this area of the brain.
Respuesta
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Cerebellum
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Temporal lobe
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Amygdala
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Broca's Area
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Associated with sensations included touch, temperature, and pressure.
Respuesta
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Parietal lobe
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Occipital Lobe
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Temporal Lobe
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Amygdala
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Areas of the cortex that include the sites where hearing registers in the brain.
Respuesta
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Temporal lobe.
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Occipital Lobe
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Parietal lobe
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Amygdala
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Portion of the cerebral cortex where vision is registered.
Respuesta
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Occipital Lobe
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Temporal Lobe
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Parietal lobe
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Cerebellum
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
An area of the brain that is related to grammar and punctuation.
Respuesta
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Broca's Area
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Occipital Lobe
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Temporal Lobe
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Amygdala
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The chemicals that are released at an axon terminal and can either excite or inhibit other neurons are called.
Respuesta
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nuerotransmitters
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synapses
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synaptic vesicles
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neurilemmas
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
After rushing to catch the bus, when you find a seat and begin to relax, the return to your normal heart rate is under the influence of the
Respuesta
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somatic nervous system
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sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system
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parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system
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central nervous system
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
In response to experience, new synapses form between neurons, and other connections grow stronger. These changes in the brain due to experience illustrate the brain's
Respuesta
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resiliency.
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neuroplasticity.
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saltatory conduction.
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neurogensis.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
When you see an attractive person sit down next to you on the bus, the mad pounding of your hear is under the influence of the
Respuesta
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autonomic nervous system.
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diathesis nervous system.
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central nervous system.
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somatic nervous system.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Anna is reading her psychology text. The activation of receptors in her retina is called _____. Her interpretation of the stimuli as particular words is called _____.
Respuesta
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sensation; sensation
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perception; perception
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sensation; perception
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perception; sensation
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which sentence expresses data-based processing?
Respuesta
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People see what is in front of them.
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None of these express data-based processing.
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People see what they want to see.
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People see what they expect to see.
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
It's so noisy! How can you stand it?" remarks Caitlyn as highway traffic screams past her friend Dave's ground-floor apartment. "I don't even notice it anymore," Dave replies. This exchange BEST exemplifies the psychophysical concept of:
Respuesta
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accommodation.
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adjustment.
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attenuation.
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adaptation.
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
According to the textbook, the average person can see _____ colors.
Respuesta
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over 2,000,000
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just over 200,000
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about 10,000
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nearly 1,000
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Rod is to cone as _____ is to _____.
Respuesta
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more numerous; less numerous
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bright light; dim light
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fovea; outside the fovea
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color; black-and-white
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Visual feature detectors are found in the _____ lobe.
Respuesta
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temporal
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frontal
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occipital
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parietal
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Trichromatic theory is to opponent-process theory as _____ is to _____.
Respuesta
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Hering; von Helmholtz
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thalamus; retina
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red, blue, green, yellow; red, blue, green
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color deficiency; afterimages
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Making an analogy between hearing and vision, the auditory hair cells in the ______ are similar to the ______ in the ______.
Respuesta
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cochlea; rods and cones; retina
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cochlea; ganglion cells; retina
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eardrum; rods and cones; retina
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eardrum; ganglion cells; retina
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Examining his doctor's handwriting on the prescription slip, Ben completes the gaps in some of the lower-case letters to perceive an a and an o rather than two u's. This example illustrates the Gestalt principle of:
Respuesta
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continuity.
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similarity.
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closure.
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proximity.
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which Gestalt principle is correctly defined?
Respuesta
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similarity – Small gaps in objects are filled in.
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closure – Stimuli moving in the same direction are perceived as group.
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proximity – Stimuli near to one another tend to be grouped together.
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continuity – Stimuli resembling one another tend to be grouped together.
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
The term "consciousness" refers to:
Respuesta
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the ability to respond to the environment.
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one's awareness of oneself and the environment.
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higher-level reasoning and problem solving.
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the state of being awake.
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Long-distance running, listening to music, sleep, and daydreaming are just some of the everyday ways that produce
Respuesta
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preconsciousness.
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stimulated information processing.
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altered states of consciousness.
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sensory enhancement.
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
While reading a friend's status update on a social networking site, Cory ignores the scrolling newsfeed and the changing advertisements on the right-hand side of the screen. Cory is demonstrating:
Respuesta
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the cocktail-party effect.
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sensory adaptation.
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inattentional blindness.
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selective attention.
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Most symptoms of sleep deprivation
Respuesta
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can be prevented by consuming caffeine.
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are reversed by a single night's rest.
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are irreversible.
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require a long period of bed rest for recovery.
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
The ordering and duration of daily sleep and waking periods are known as
Respuesta
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meridian rhythms.
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sleep patterns.
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REM cycles.
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sleep stages.
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Establishing a regular sleep schedule, eliminating caffeine, and treating depression (if present) is designed to combat _____________ insomnia.
Respuesta
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drug-dependency
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temporary
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chronic
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somatic
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Warren's eyes are moving rapidly behind the lids. His legs and arms are paralyzed. Warren is showing signs of:
Respuesta
-
sleep terrors.
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cataplexy.
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sleep spindles.
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REM sleep.
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Sigmund Freud is associated with the _____ theory of dreams.
Respuesta
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wish fulfillment
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activation-synthesis
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neurocognitive
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consolidation
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Drug use can be fueled by dependence. ________________ dependence means the body no longer functions normally with the drug, and one sign of this type of dependence is ________________, as indicated by the symptoms that occur when the drug is withheld.
Respuesta
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Physiological; substance abuse
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Physiological; withdrawal
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Psychological; tolerance
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Psychological; withdrawal
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
__________________ such as caffeine, alcohol, and hallucinogens can cause changes in psychological activities, for example, sensation, perception, attention, and judgement.
Respuesta
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Psychoactive drugs
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Depressants
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Stimulants
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Tranquilizers
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