14597462
Descripción
Test por Mitch Thornell, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Mitch Thornell
hace más de 6 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
1. A 65-year-old female with emphysema presents to the ED for difficulty breathing. Physical exam reveals bluish skin and mucous membranes. This condition is referred to as:
Respuesta
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haemoptysis
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Hypothermia
-
haematemesis
-
cyanosis
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
1. A 30-year-old male is experiencing respiratory failure. Which of the following lab values would be expected?
Respuesta
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low PaCO2
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Normal blood pH
-
low PaO2
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electrolyte imbalances
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
A 10-year-old female develops pneumonia following a urinary tract infection. Physical exam reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions. She reports that breathing is difficult and she feels she cannot get enough air. This condition is referred to as:
Respuesta
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dyspnoea.
-
cyanosis
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orthopnoea
-
hyperpnoea
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Reduced oxygenation of arterial blood is called:
Respuesta
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hypoxia
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hypocapnia.
-
hypoxaemia
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ischaemia
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea generally occurs with:
Respuesta
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pulmonary fibrosis.
-
asthma
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left ventricular failure.
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hypertension.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
1. What disease of the lungs is a contagious, airborne bacterial infection that causes fibrotic, calcified lesions that are visible on an X-ray?
Respuesta
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tuberculosis
-
diphtheria
-
lobar pneumonia
-
legionellosis
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
1. Pneumonia is caused by:
Respuesta
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use of anaesthetic agents in surgery
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atelectasis
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chronic lung changes seen with ageing
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viral or bacterial infections
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
1. A 50-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking was diagnosed with lung cancer. He was previously exposed to air pollution, asbestos and radiation at his job. Which of the following most likely had the greatest impact on development of his cancer?
Respuesta
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cigarette smoke
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radiation
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asbestos
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air pollution
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
1. This condition involves inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchi; is also known as laryngotracheobronchitis; involves copious mucus secretion; has a distinctive barking cough; and is potentially dangerous in infants.
Respuesta
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croup
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laryngeal pneumonia
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rhinitis
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pertussis
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
1. This condition is an inflammatory response with extensive mucus production and submucosal oedema, resulting in widespread obstruction of bronchioles. It is of particular concern when present in infants.
Respuesta
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histoplasmosis
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pneumonia
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tonsillitis
-
bronchiolitis
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What would be the most effective compensation for chronic respiratory acidosis?
Respuesta
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The kidneys producing more bicarbonate ions
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The kidneys eliminating more bicarbonate ions
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The kidneys producing more lactic acid
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The kidneys reabsorbing more hydrogen ions
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What would hypercapnia cause?
Respuesta
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Respiratory acidosis
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Decreased carbonic acid in the blood
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Increased blood pH
-
Decreased respirations
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Changes in PCO2 tend to affect the pH of blood.
Respuesta
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True, and increases in PCO2 tend to decrease blood pH
-
False, blood pH is largely unaffected by PCO2.
-
True, and decreases in PCO2 tend to decrease pH.
-
True, and increases in PCO2 tend to increase pH.
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
50-year-old male with diabetes did not take his medication and is now in metabolic acidosis. He is experiencing Kussmaul respirations that can be characterised by:
Respuesta
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an increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes and no expiratory pause
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rapid respirations with periods of apnoea.
-
audible wheezing or stridor.
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very slow inhalations and rapid expirations
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
A pneumonia that occurs 48 hours or more after admission to the hospital is considered
Respuesta
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hospital-acquired pneumonia.
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community-acquired pneumonia.
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Health care–associated
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viral pneumonia
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What are typical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?
Respuesta
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Sudden fever, sore throat, and drooling saliva
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Hoarse voice and barking cough
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Sneezing, mild cough, and fever
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Hyperinflation of the chest and stridor
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which type of lung cancer is most commonly associated with a history of smoking?
Respuesta
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small cell carcinoma
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squamous cell carcinoma
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adenocarcinoma
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mesothelioma
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which of the following describes lobar pneumonia?
Respuesta
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Sudden onset of fever and chills, with rales and rusty sputum
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Viral infection causing nonproductive cough and pleuritic pain
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Opportunistic bacteria causing low-grade fever with cough and thick greenish sputum
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Insidious onset, diffuse interstitial infection
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Obstruction in the upper airway is usually indicated by:
Respuesta
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stridor
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rales
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orthopnoea
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wheezing
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Changes in PCO2 tend to affect the pH of blood.
Respuesta
-
True, and decreases in PCO2 tend to decrease pH.
-
True, and increases in PCO2 tend to decrease blood pH.
-
True, and increases in PCO2 tend to increase pH.
-
False, blood pH is largely unaffected by PCO2.
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Anxiety-provoked hyperventilation will:
Respuesta
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will not affect PCO2 but will increase PO2 significantly
-
increase PCO2 quite markedly, and increase PO2 to a similar extent
-
decrease PCO2 quite markedly, and increase PO2 to small extent
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increase PO2 significantly, and increase PCO2 slightly
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
A 20-year-old male is in acute pain. An arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon dioxide levels. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Respuesta
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pain neurons producing bicarbonate buffer
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hypoventilation
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hyperventilation
-
apnoea
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
A 50-year-old male with diabetes did not take his medication and is now in metabolic acidosis. He is experiencing Kussmaul respirations that can be characterised by:
Respuesta
-
audible wheezing or stridor.
-
rapid respirations with periods of apnoea.
-
an increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes and no expiratory pause
-
very slow inhalations and rapid expirations
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What disease of the lungs is a contagious, airborne bacterial infection that causes fibrotic, calcified lesions that are visible on an X-ray?
Respuesta
-
mesothelioma
-
diphtheria
-
lobar pneumonia
-
tuberculosis
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The production of yellowish-green, cloudy, thick sputum is often an indication of:
Respuesta
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Damage of lung tissue due to smoking
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emphysema
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cancer tumour
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Bacteria infection
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What would hypercapnia cause;
Respuesta
-
Respiratory acidosis
-
decreased carbonic acid in the blood
-
increased blood pH
-
Decreased respirations
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
What are early signs and symptoms of infectious rhinitis?
Respuesta
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Serous nasal discharge, congestion and sneezing
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Harsh barking cough and wheezing
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Purulent nasal discharge and periorbital pain
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copious purulent sputum, particularly in the morning
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which patient is most likely to have abnormalities in breathing regulation?
Respuesta
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a 34-year-old male with damage to his upper and lower pons following a blow to the back of the head
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a 66-year-old male with temporal lobe infarcts secondary to a stroke
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a 45-year-old female with spinal cord injury at c7 following a motor vehicle accident
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a 23-year-old male who has an injury to his frontal lobe following a sports injury
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
How does severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia
Respuesta
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Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion
-
too painful to breath
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Inflammatory exudate absorbs oxygen from the alveolar air
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Acidosis depresses respiration
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