Antibacterial Drugs (Antibiotics)- Pharmacology- 4th Year- PMU

Descripción

Antibacterial Drugs (Antibiotics)
Med Student
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Bactericidal antibacterial drugs:
Respuesta
  • inhibit the growth of microorganisms
  • inhibit the multiplication of microorganisms
  • kill the microorganisms
  • block the enzyme penicillinase

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
Antimicrobials with bactericidal activity are:
Respuesta
  • beta-lactam antibiotics
  • amphenicols and lincosamides
  • aminoglycosides
  • quinolones

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Bacteriostatic action means:
Respuesta
  • inhibition of the growth of microorganisms
  • inhibition of the multiplication of microorganisms
  • destruction of microorganisms
  • inhibition of the enzyme penicillinase

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Bacteriostatic antimicrobials are:
Respuesta
  • amphenicols
  • aminoglycosides
  • tetracyclines and macroiides
  • lincosamides

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Narrow spectrum antimicrobial drugs are active against:
Respuesta
  • Gram (+) cocci
  • Gram (+) bacteria
  • Fungi and viruses
  • Parasites

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Antimicrobials with a narrow spectrum of activity are:
Respuesta
  • classic penicillins
  • lincosamides
  • aminoglycosides
  • classic macrolides

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Antimicrobials with broad spectrum of activity are:
Respuesta
  • cephalosporins
  • aminopenicilins
  • lincosamides
  • rifamycins

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Antimicrobials that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis are:
Respuesta
  • penicillins
  • cephalosporins
  • monobactams
  • tetracyclines

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Antimicrobial that inhibit protein synthesis in microorganisms are:
Respuesta
  • tetracyclines
  • macrolldes
  • quinolones
  • carbapenems

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Antibiotics that inhibit DNA synthesis in microorganisms are
Respuesta
  • cephalosporins
  • quinolones
  • macrolides
  • rifampicin

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Antibiotics that must be avoided during pregnancy are:
Respuesta
  • tetracyclines
  • penicillins
  • cephalosporins
  • rifampicin

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Antimicrobial agents with urine excretion are:
Respuesta
  • penicillins
  • cephalosporins
  • aminoglycosides
  • quinolones

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Antimicrobial agents with bile excretion are:
Respuesta
  • tetracyclines
  • aminoglycosides
  • macrolides
  • sulfonamides

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Optimal combinations of antimicrobial agents are:
Respuesta
  • bactericidal antibiotics with bactericidal antibiotics
  • tetracyclines with macrolides
  • bactericidal antibiotics with bacteriostatic antibiotics
  • penicillins with B-lactamase inhibitors

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Tetracyclines
Respuesta
  • are bactericidal
  • ae bacterostatic
  • accumulate in tissues- in bones and teeth
  • are effective against rickettsiae, mycoplasma, chlamydia

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Which foods and drugs interact with tetracyclines' gastrointestinal absorption?
Respuesta
  • Vitamin B1
  • Yogurt or Cheese
  • Fe2+ or Mg2+ containing drugs
  • Aminoglycosides

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
Adverse drug reactions of tetracyclines are:
Respuesta
  • nephro-and ototoxicity
  • hepatotoxicity
  • yellow-brown discoloration of teeth and frequent tooth decay in children
  • inhibition of bone growth in children

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
Tetracyclines are contraindicated in:
Respuesta
  • pregnancy
  • children less than 8 years
  • liver failure
  • heart failure

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
Macrolide antibiotics are:
Respuesta
  • Azithromycin (Azatril)
  • Roxithromycin (Rulid)
  • Clarithroomycin (Klacid)
  • Gentamycin

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Macrolides are:
Respuesta
  • bactericidal
  • bacteriostatic
  • inhibitors of methylxanthines’ metabolism
  • effective against mycoplasmas, Legionella, Chlamydia

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Adverse drug reactions of macrolides include:
Respuesta
  • gastrointestinal disturbances
  • allergy
  • hepatotoxicity
  • nephrotoxicity

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
Macrolides are contraindicated in:
Respuesta
  • Pregnancy in the first half
  • G-6-PDH deficiency
  • Liver failure
  • Breastfeeding

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Lincosamides:
Respuesta
  • are bacteriostatic antibiotics
  • are appropriate for the treatment of staphylococcal osteomyelitis
  • can be hepato- and haematotoxic
  • accumulate in the bone marrow

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Lincosamides are contraindicated in:
Respuesta
  • pregnancy
  • children less than 2 years
  • liver failure
  • heart failure

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Chloramphenicol:
Respuesta
  • is a bactericidal antibiotic
  • is effective against Gram (-) microorganisms
  • is a tetracycline derivative
  • inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
The correct statements for Chloramphenicol are:
Respuesta
  • It is used as a reserve antibiotic because of many ADRs
  • Causes gastrointestinal disbacteriosis
  • Can be administered orally
  • It Is used for the treatment of tuberculosis

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
Adverse drug reactions of Chloramphenicol are:
Respuesta
  • damage of teeth enamel
  • "gray baby" syndrome
  • disulfiram- alcohol reaction
  • bone marrow supression (myelotoxicity)

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
Chloramphenicol is contraindicated in:
Respuesta
  • Pregnancy
  • Children less than 2 years
  • Alcoholism
  • G-6-PDH deficiency

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
Beta-lactam antibiotics are
Respuesta
  • penicillins
  • cephalosporins
  • monobactams
  • carbapenems

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
Narrow spectrum (classic) penicillins are:
Respuesta
  • Amoxicillin
  • Benzylpeniciliin (Penicilin G)
  • Phenoxymethylpenicillin (Ospen)
  • Oxacillin

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
Broad spectrum semisynthetic penicillins are:
Respuesta
  • Amoxicillin (Amopen)
  • Ampicillin
  • Azlocillin
  • Gentamycin

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Adverse drug reactions of penicillins are:
Respuesta
  • allergic reactions
  • hepatotoxicity
  • anaphylactic shock
  • disbactenosrs (for orally administered broad-spectrum penicillins)

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
Penicillins and cephalosporins block the synthesis of:
Respuesta
  • the bacterial cell wall
  • the bacterial membrane
  • proteins
  • nucleic acids

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
Cephalosporins 1st generation are:
Respuesta
  • More effective against Gram (+) microorganisms
  • Cefalexin and Cefazolin
  • Bacteriostatic
  • Some agents are nephrotoxic

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
Cephalosporins 2nd generation are:
Respuesta
  • Bactericidal
  • Cefaclor and Cefamandol
  • More effective against Gram (-) organisms: Klebsiella, H. lnfluenzae
  • With high bile concentrations (most of them)

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
Cephalosporins 3rd generation are:
Respuesta
  • Cefetamet and Ceftriaxon
  • Cefaclor and Cefamandol
  • More effective against Gram (-) microorganisms
  • Used for treatment of life-threatening infections

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
Cephalosporins 4th generation are:
Respuesta
  • Cefepim and Cefpifom
  • Narrow spectrum antibiotics
  • Effective against Gram (-) microorganisms as 3rd generation and against Gram (+) as 1st generation cephalosporins
  • Used for treatment of life-threatening infections

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
Adverse drug reactions of cephalosporins are:
Respuesta
  • allergic reactions
  • suppressed vitamin K synthesis
  • hepatotoxicity
  • nephrotoxicity

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are:
Respuesta
  • Gentamaicin
  • Amoxiclav
  • Amikacin
  • Tobramycin

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
The correct statements of aminoglycoside antibiotics are:
Respuesta
  • they block protein synthesis and are bactericidal
  • they accumulate in soft tissues and bones
  • they are administrated orally for treatment of urinary infections
  • they are effective against Gram (-) microorganisms

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
Adverse drug reactions of aminoglycosides are:
Respuesta
  • nephrotoxicity
  • ototoxicity
  • myelotoxlcity
  • hepatotoxiclty

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
Aminoglycosides are contraindicated in:
Respuesta
  • pregnancy
  • children less than 2 years
  • renal failure
  • liver failure
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