15799667
Descripción
Test por Kelly Kinsinger, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Kelly Kinsinger
hace más de 5 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The term “fourth vital sign” refers to:
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temperature
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pulse
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respiration
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pain
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Aversive sensory and emotional experience that elicits protective motor actions, results in learned avoidance, and may modify species-specific behavior traits, including social behavior, is best known as:
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modulation
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distress
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pain
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nociception
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Known as “ouch” pain, which of the following protective sensations of pain occurs when there is a possibility of or actual tissue injury?
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nociception
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physiologic pain
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adaptive pain
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pathologic pain
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Chemical mediators, such as prostaglandin and histamine, are responsible for:
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inflammatory pain
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neuropathic pain
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idiopathic pain
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pathologic pain
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Pain originating from the musculoskeletal system is best described as:
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visceral pain
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somatic pain
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pathologic pain
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chronic pain
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
A common class of drugs utilized to treat and target specific receptors in the pain pathway includes:
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antibiotics.
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antihistamines.
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nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
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anthelmintics.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The concept of utilization of pain management therapies to target two or more receptors is:
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primary hyperalgesia.
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mediators.
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secondary hyperalgesia
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multimodal therapy.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Of the following, which is not typically associated with neuroendocrine changes that occur in response to pain?
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Release of ACTH
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Increased norepinephrine
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Increased insulin
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone release
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The use of preemptive analgesia is likely to:
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cause anthropomorphization.
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prevent “windup.”
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include the “five freedoms.”
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lead to increased morbidity and/or mortality.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The differentiating factor(s) between emergence delirium and pain is(are):
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duration and response to sedation.
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response to analgesic administration.
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response to analgesic administration and pain.
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response to analgesic administration and duration.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Patients that are suffering from pain are likely to experience noticeable alterations in their:
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facial expressions, appearance, and attitude.
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facial expressions, appearance, and sleep patterns.
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bodily movements, appearance, and attitude.
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bodily movements, sleep patterns, and attitude.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Patients that have undergone major surgery should have their pain assessed how frequently?:
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Every 60 seconds
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Every 2 minutes
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Every 60 minutes
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At shift changes
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Perioperative analgesia is the concurrent use of:
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preemptive analgesia and pain assessment.
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pain assessment and multimodal therapy.
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pharmacologic analgesia therapy and pain assessment.
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preemptive analgesia and multimodal therapy.
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Of the following, which is not an anticipated benefit of multimodal analgesic therapy?
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Increased individual drug dose
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Decreased overall anesthetic drug requirements
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Increased healing time
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Decreased risk of adverse effects
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Opioid agonist drugs act in which of the following ways?
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Peripherally: in the spinal cord and joints
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Centrally: to inhibit perception in the brain and sensitization in the spinal cord
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Centrally: to increase perception in the brain and spinal cord
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Peripherally: in the brain and spinal cord on the opioid receptors
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
A patient requires the selection of an opioid with the most potent analgesic effects. Which of the following would most accurately fit this criteria?
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Partial mu agonists
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Agonist–antagonists
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Antihistamines
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Mu receptor agonists
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Caution should be taken with rapid intravenous injection of morphine in canine patients due to the potential for:
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histamine release.
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locomotor activity.
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dysphoria.
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restlessness.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The most common adverse side effect secondary to morphine administration is likely to be:
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histamine release.
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gastrointestinal upset.
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respiratory depression.
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excitement.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
This paradoxical response in canine patients after the administration of oxymorphone can make which of the following procedures difficult?
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Blood pressure analysis
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Intravenous catheter placement
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Thoracic radiography
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Application of a CRI
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
The drug that is most similar to oxymorphone in duration and effect is:
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morphine.
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buprenorphine.
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butorphanol.
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hydromorphone.
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Of the synthetic opioids, which is known to also act as an antagonist at the NMDA receptor?
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Methadone
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Hydromorphone
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Oxymorphone
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Fentanyl
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
In contrast to other pure opioid agonists, the duration of action achieved with intravenous fentanyl administration is:
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20 to 30 seconds
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2 to 3 minutes.
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20 to 30 minutes.
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2 to 3 hours.
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The synthetic opioid pethidine is also more commonly known as:
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buprenorphine.
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meperidine.
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ketoprofen.
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acepromazine.
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Due to the pH of the feline mucosa, which injectable narcotic can be administered orally for analgesia?
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Morphine
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Oxymorphone
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Hydromorphone
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Buprenorphine
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
General duration of action for buprenorphine following intramuscular injection is thought to be:
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6 to 12 hours.
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60 to 120 minutes.
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60 to 120 seconds.
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18 to 24 hours.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The first use of butorphanol in veterinary medicine was to act as a(n):
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antihistamine.
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cough suppressant.
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anesthetic.
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analgesic.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Use of butorphanol in which of the following routes can potentially lead to a toxicity?
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IV
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IM
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SQ
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Epidural
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Butorphanol can be used as an antagonist to partially reverse respiratory depression/sedation secondary to the use of:
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kappa antagonist opioids.
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mu antagonist opioids.
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kappa agonist opioids.
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mu agonist opioids.
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
In the United States, which of the following is the only injectable opioid that is not classified as a controlled drug?
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Acepromazine
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Buprenorphine
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Nalbuphine
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Meperidine
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Patients considered “high risk” for use with opioids include all of the following except:
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hypotension.
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hepatic disease.
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neurologic disorders.
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normovolemic.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The use of morphine administered through an epidural route is most likely to illicit which adverse effect?
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Urine retention
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Sedation
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Excitement
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Respiratory depression
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
When considering transdermal use of fentanyl in feline patients, application should take place at least how many hours prior to the start of the procedure?
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1 hour
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4 hours
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6 hours
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12 hours
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which opioid should not be administered concurrently with the use of transdermal fentanyl due to risk of partial blockage of opioid receptors and reduced analgesic effect?
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Morphine
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Buprenorphine
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Hydromorphone
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Oxymorphone
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The NSAID that acts as a potent analgesic for both somatic and visceral pain is:
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carprofen.
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acetylsalicylic acid.
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butorphanol.
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tramadol.
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Clinical effects of NSAIDs are due to their inhibition of what chemical synthesis within the body?
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ACTH
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Insulin
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Prostaglandin
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Acetaminophen
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which of the following systems is not responsible for the elimination and metabolism of NSAIDs?
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Hepatic
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Renal
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Biliary
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Lymph
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Most NSAIDs prevent pain and inflammation by inactivating which enzyme?
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EPO
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ACE
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COX
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T4
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
All of the following aspects about the COX-2 isoenzyme are true except:
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it is inducible.
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it is found in the CNS, kidney, and eyes.
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it is linked to analgesic effects.
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it is present in most tissues.
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The use of NSAIDs that results in renal toxicity is most likely due to the blockage of:
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PGE-2
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COX-1
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COX-2
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misoprostol
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
The use of NSAIDs is considered “high risk” in all of the following conditions except:
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hypotension.
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hyperthyroidism.
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congestive heart failure.
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hemostatic disorders.
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Opioids are effective in the nociceptive pathway in all areas except:
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perception.
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modulation.
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transmission.
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transduction.
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Local anesthetics are effective in the nociceptive pathway in all areas except:
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perception
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modulation
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transmission
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transduction
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Corticosteroids are ineffective in the nociceptive pathway in all areas except:
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transduction
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transmission
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modulation
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perception
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
In order to properly administer tramadol it must be given:
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SQ
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PO
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IV
-
IM
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Absence of pain sensation is best known as:
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allodynia.
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distress.
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analgesia.
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stress
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
During nociception all of the following occurs except:
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transduction
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transmission
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modulation
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conjugation
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The concurrent use of NSAIDs and corticosteroids is contraindicated due to which adverse side effect?
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Gastric ulceration
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Coagulopathy
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Renal insufficiency
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Hepatic insufficiency
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Nonpharmacologic analgesic therapies that can be used to manage both acute and chronic pain include:
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massage therapy.
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topical anesthetics.
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NSAIDs.
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NMDA agonists.
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Perception of pain takes place in the:
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spinal cord.
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cerebral cortex.
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sensory nerves.
-
nociceptors.
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Transmission of pain takes place in the:
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spinal cord.
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cerebral cortex.
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sensory nerves.
-
nociceptors.
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Modulation of pain takes place in the:
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spinal cord.
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cerebral cortex.
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sensory nerves.
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nociceptors.
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