1654262
Descripción
Test por dftbanotes, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por dftbanotes
hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The compensation depth of phytoplankton in the ocean is often assumed to coincide with light levels that are about _____ of those at the surface.
Respuesta
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25%
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1%
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10%
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8%
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Net Primary Productivity is the amount of _________ fixed by photosynthesis that exceeds the respiration needs of a plant and goes into growth
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Glucose
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Cellulose
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Carbon
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Oxygen
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Compounds the contain Nitrogen, Silicon, and Phosphorous are called?
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Piconutrients
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Macronutrients
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Supernutrients
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Micronutrients
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What are the chemical substances that plants need to live, but only in very small quantities?
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Piconutrients
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Supernutrients
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Macronutrients
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Micronutrients
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Nutrients are regenerated in the ocean by
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Oxidation
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Respiration
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Bacterial decomposition
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Photosynthesis
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
The most productive areas of the ocean are characterized by
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warm waters
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eddies
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upwelling
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stagnant waters
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Near surface waters off Peru are typically ____
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Cold and nutrient rich
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Cold and nutrient poor
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Warm and nutrient rich
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Warm and nutrient poor
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
In an El Nino year, the near surface waters off Peru become ____
Respuesta
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Cold and nutrient rich
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Cold and nutrient poor
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Warm and nutrient rich
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Warm and nutrient poor
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Biological productivity in polar seas tends to be limited by
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Micronutrients
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Nitrate availability
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Temperature levels
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Solar energy
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Tropical waters are very clear and blue because of
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The absence of plant cells in the water
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Lower salt content of the waters
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The ability to reflect the sky better than cold waters
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
A triangular deposit of sediment at the mouth of a river is called a/an ___
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Offshore bar
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Distributary
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Salt Marsh
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Delta
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The delta plain is drained by a system of channels called _____
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Tributaries
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Sills
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Dikes
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Distributaries
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Which of the following lists of materials is listed in increasing order of resistance to erosion?
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Unconsolidated Sediment, Shale, Limestone, Granite
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Shale, Unconsolidated Sediment, Limestone, Granite
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Limestone, Unconsolidated Sediment, Granite, Shale
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Shale, Limestone, Unconsolidated Sediment, Granite
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
A __________ delta is one where waves and tides are ineffective in rearranging river deposits
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River-Dominated
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Wave-Dominated
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Tide Dominated
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The structure that is built to prevent or diminish sediment deposition at the mouth of a harbor is called a
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Jetty
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Spit
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Pier
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Seawall
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Groin
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Structures that are built along eroding beaches to trap sand and artificially promote accretion are called ___
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Spits
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Jetties
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Seawalls
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Piers
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Groins
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
The structure that is built in front of harbors or shorelines to redirect wave energy away from the shoreline is a _____
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Seawall
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Pier
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Groin
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Breakwater
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Jetty
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Structures that are built on shore, on the assumption that they protect beaches, roads, and bluffs, from erosion are called _____
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Groins
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Seawalls
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Jetties
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Breakwaters
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Piers
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Beach nourishment relies on sand ____
Respuesta
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Dredged from offshore
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Deposited by currents
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Quarried on land
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Both B and C
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Both A and C
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor of the devastation of Hurrricane Katrina in New Orleans?
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The land on which the city stands is sinking
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Sea level is rising
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The city's pump stations, levees, and flood walls were not strong enough
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All of the above were contributing factors
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None of the above were contributing factors
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
In rock form, the calcium carbonate of a coral reef is called ____
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Siltstone
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Limestone
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Shale
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Sandstone
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The coral animal is called a/an
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Amoeba
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Polyp
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Corallite
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Anemone
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The calcium carbonate exoskeleton of a coral animal is called a/an ____
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Theca
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Sheath
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Hypotheca
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Corallite
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
The algae living in the tissue of coral animals is called ____
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Chrysophytes
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Zooxanthellae
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Thallasia
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Rodophytes
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The most accurate term for the relationship between coral and zooxanthellae is ____
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Commensalism
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Parasitism
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Symbiosis
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Mutualism
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Coral reefs require water temps of at least ___ degrees
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5
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15
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20
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at least seven
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Brain coral is well adapted to live on what section of the reef?
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Buttress Zone
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Reef Terrace
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Patch reef
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Algal ridge
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Reefs which form limestone shores around islands and the tropical areas of continents are called ___
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Reef Flats
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Fringing reefs
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Atolls
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Barrier reefs
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Reefs that are separated from land by a lagoon are called ____
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Atolls
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Barrier reefs
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Reef flats
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Fringing reefs
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Circular reefs surrounding a central lagoon are called _____
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Atolls
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Barrier reefs
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Fringing reefs
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Reef flats
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
On average, the efficiency of trophic transfers is ______
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10 %
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30%
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50%
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75%
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Primary producers are called _____
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Heterotrophs
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Autotrophs
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Mesotrophs
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Plants
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following are primary producers?
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Plants
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Herbivores
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Omnivores
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Decomposers
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
What would be found at the third trophic level or higher?
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Plants
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Carnivores
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Herbivores
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Detritus Feeders
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
A food web consists of a system of interconnected _____
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Animal Species
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Plant Species
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Currents
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Food Chains
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Bacteria would generally be listed as ______
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Carnivores
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Omnivores
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Decomposers
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Herbivores
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which of the following is typically a grazer?
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Shark
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Barnacles
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Copepod
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Coral Polyp
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The size of the population of any organism is usually a direct function of its _____ supply
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Oxygen
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Carbon Dioxide
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Food
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Habitat
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Bacteria which can live without free oxygen are called what?
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Oxidized
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Anaerobic
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Decomposers
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Aerobic
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which of the following is a primary factor limiting plant growth?
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Nutrient concentrations
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Upwelling and turbulence
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Turbidity
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Grazing intensity
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
The two elements that typically limit productivity of ecosystems are Nitrogen and what?
Respuesta
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Carbon
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Phosphorous
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Sodium
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Iron
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Productivity in tropical oceans is
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Oxygen-limited
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Light-limited
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Nutrient-limited
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light and nutrient-limited
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Productivity in polar oceans is
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Oxygen limited
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Light limited
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Nutrient limited
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Light and Nutrient limited
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Which regions produce the majority of the world's fish?
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embayment; coastal
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coastal; downwelling
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coastal; upwelling
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polar; downwelling
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Tropical oceans are infertile because the ___ of the region inhibits mixing of the water column
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Permanent thermocline
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Permanent halocline
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Permanent pycnocline
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High rainfall
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
The spring diatom bloom of temperate ocean waters occurs in response to increasing levels of what?
Respuesta
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Nutrients
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Cool water
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Light
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Upwelling
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The waters adjacent to Peru are an area of coastal what?
Respuesta
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Upwelling
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Downwelling
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Turbulence
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
The eastern South Pacific normally experiences
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Low P and wet weather
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Low P and dry weather
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High P and wet weather
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High P and dry weather
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
The western South Pacific normally experiences
Respuesta
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Low P and wet weather
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Low P and dry weather
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High P and wet weather
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High P and dry weather
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Weakening of winds, Cessation of Upwelling off Peru, and rain in western S. America signify
Respuesta
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Normal conditions
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El Nino conditions
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La Nina conditions
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Intensified trade winds, Strong upwelling off Peru, and cool water temps across the pacific signify
Respuesta
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Normal conditions
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El Nino conditions
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La Nina conditions
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Most of the energy that reshapes beaches comes from
Respuesta
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Tidal action
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Sea level changes
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Storm surges
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Breaking waves
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Currents in the surf zone that flow parallel to shore are called
Respuesta
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Rip
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Longshore
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Nearshore
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Refraction
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
The open water seaward of the breaker zone is called
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Offshore zone
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Swash zone
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Backshore zone
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Surf zone
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
A submarine deposit of sand that is parallel to the shore is called
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Berm
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Groin
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Washover fan
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Longshore bar
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
A beach profile characterized by a broad berm and a steep beach face is called a/an
Respuesta
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Fjord
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Estuary
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Storm
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Swell
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
During a storm, the average grain size of sand on a beach _____
Respuesta
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Increases
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Decreases
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Stays the same
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
Sand input to a beach can be caused by
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Rip currents
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Cliff erosion
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River input
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Both cliff erosion and river input
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
Sand removal is caused by
Respuesta
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Longshore transport
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Wind erosion
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Cliff erosion
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Longshore transport and Cliff erosion
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
Sand is permanently lost off of Southern California by being transported to
Respuesta
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Deep sea trenches
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Hydrothermal vents
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Submarine canyons
-
Mexico
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
The most important role of sand dune vegetation is
Respuesta
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Photosynthesis, provide food for beach grazers
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Bring water nearer to surface via roots
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Stabilize the sand dunes
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Provide microhabitats for small organisms
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