L28 Background hyperlipidemia

Descripción

PHCY310 Test sobre L28 Background hyperlipidemia, creado por Mer Scott el 16/04/2019.
Mer Scott
Test por Mer Scott, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Mer Scott
Creado por Mer Scott hace más de 5 años
11
0

Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Cholesterol is not water soluble, therefore it cannot circulate in the blood., and it needs to be packaged and carried by lipoproteins.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)​ are 'good' cholesterol and we should have more than 1.0 mmol/L.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Functions of lipoproteins: Chylomicrons and VLDL: Deliver [blank_start]TAG[blank_end] to different cells in the body​. LDL: Delivers cholesterol to [blank_start]cells[blank_end] in the body where it can be used for the [blank_start]synthesis[blank_end] of membranes and [blank_start]steroid[blank_end] hormones​. HDL: Involved in reverse cholesterol transport – [blank_start]excess[blank_end] cholesterol is brought back to the [blank_start]liver[blank_end] by HDL​, and [blank_start]removed[blank_end] from the body by the liver.
Respuesta
  • TAG
  • synthesis
  • cells
  • steroid
  • excess
  • liver
  • removed

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Primary dyslipidaemias: Genetically determined but also influenced by [blank_start]environmental[blank_end] factors, i.e. familial hypercholesterolaemia is a genetic disorder where [blank_start]LDL[blank_end] is raised. Secondary dyslipidaemias: Secondary to [blank_start]other[blank_end] disorders, or as a result of other [blank_start]drug[blank_end] therapies. Can be treated if the underlying cause is treated.
Respuesta
  • environmental
  • LDL
  • other
  • drug

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Select all the medications (and not the conditions) that can cause secondary hypercholesterolaemia.
Respuesta
  • Diuretics and B-blockers
  • Oral contraceptives
  • Corticosteroids
  • Pregnancy
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Chronic renal failure
  • Alcohol abuse

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Pathophysiology of atherosclerosis: 1. Presence of [blank_start]hypercholestrolaemia[blank_end] and [blank_start]injury[blank_end] of endothelial lining of the coronary artery and/or other blood vessels.​ 2. Subendothelial migration of [blank_start]monocytes[blank_end] – accumulation of [blank_start]fatty[blank_end] streaks, containing lipid rich [blank_start]macrophages[blank_end] and [blank_start]T[blank_end]-cells. 3. Migration and proliferation of [blank_start]smooth[blank_end] muscle cells​. 4. Smooth muscle cells + [blank_start]fibroblasts[blank_end] secrete collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins – creating a [blank_start]fibrous[blank_end] cap around the necrotic tissue​. 4. Presence of atherosclerotic [blank_start]plaques[blank_end] results in narrowing of blood vessels causing [blank_start]reduction[blank_end] of blood flow​. 5. Plaque ruptures, causing formation of a [blank_start]thrombus[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • hypercholestrolaemia
  • injury
  • monocytes
  • fatty
  • macrophages
  • T
  • smooth
  • fibroblasts
  • fibrous
  • plaques
  • reduction
  • thrombus

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Reference ranges for lipids​: Total cholesterol: < [blank_start]4[blank_end] mmol/L​ LDL cholesterol: < [blank_start]2.0[blank_end] mmol/L​ HDL cholesterol: ≥ [blank_start]1.0[blank_end] mmol/L ​ Triglycerides: <[blank_start]1.7[blank_end]mmol/L​
Respuesta
  • 4
  • 2.0
  • 1.0
  • 1.7
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