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Exam 1

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Chapters 2 and 3
Deana Heitkamp
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Pregunta 1

Pregunta
The compounds above is a(n)
Image:
Saturated Fat Molecular Structure 1 (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Phospholipid
  • saturated fatty acid
  • unsaturated fatty acid
  • triglyceride

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
Phosphorus (P) has an atomic number of 15. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell?
Respuesta
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Which of the following is a polysaccharide found in plants used for storing energy?
Respuesta
  • amylose
  • amylopectin
  • cellulose
  • amylose and amylopectin
  • all three

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
A covalent bond involves:
Respuesta
  • a pair of electrons exchanged between atoms
  • an electrostatic attraction between atoms
  • the sharing of one or more protons between atoms
  • the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between atoms
  • the exchange of one or more electrons between atoms

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Unsaturated fatty acids are more likely to
Respuesta
  • be liquid at room temperature
  • be synthesized by animal cells
  • be solid at room temperature
  • contain more energy than saturated fatty acids

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Which of the following functional groups tend to allow an organic compound to dissolve in water?
Respuesta
  • hydroxyl
  • methyl
  • carbonyl
  • hydroxyl and carbonyl
  • all three

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is referred to as
Respuesta
  • atomic mass
  • molecular weight
  • atomic weight
  • atomic number

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Water is a polar molecule because
Respuesta
  • it readily forms ionic bonds with many different types of compounds
  • its oxygen atom is electronegative, while the hydrogens are electropositive
  • its two hydrogen bonds are equally attached to an oxygen
  • it has a +2 negative charge

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Methyl groups (CH3-R) are generally
Respuesta
  • hydrophilic
  • amphipathic
  • polar
  • hydrophobic
  • charged

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
The breakdown of glycogen into glucose occurs by which of the following
Respuesta
  • dehydration reactions
  • hydrolytic reactions
  • isomerization
  • dehydration and isomerization
  • all three

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Which of the following are functions of lipids?
Respuesta
  • genetic information
  • energy storage
  • major component of biological membranes
  • energy storage and major component
  • all three

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
A solution with a pH of 8 is more ________ than a solution with a pH of 5.
Respuesta
  • acidic
  • concentrated
  • hydrophobic
  • dense
  • basic

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
A pH of 4 has a _____-fold greater hydrogen ion concentration than a pH of 6.
Respuesta
  • 2
  • 10
  • 100
  • 1000
  • 10000

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Using the periodic table of elements, which element is most likely to have properties similar to carbon?
Image:
105383278 Gettyimages 1094878164 Nc (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • aluminum (Al)
  • boron (B)
  • phosphorus (P)
  • silicon (Si)
  • nitrogen (N)

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
In a polar covalent bond
Respuesta
  • anions and cations are attracted to each other
  • electrons are transferred between atoms
  • when water becomes frozen
  • there is an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
  • water molecules attract each other

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
The energy of light can be temporarily stored in which component of an atom?
Respuesta
  • protons
  • photons
  • neutrons
  • electrons
  • introns

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
The two nucleic acid strands of DNA are held together by
Respuesta
  • glycosidic linkages
  • covalent bonding between nitrogenous bases
  • hydrogen bonding between sugar-phosphate residues
  • hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases
  • covalent binding between nucelotides

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
An acid added to water will
Respuesta
  • decrease the hydrogen ion concentration
  • decrease the hydroxide ion concentration
  • increase the hydroxide concentration
  • increase pH

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
Which bond contributes to the tertiary structure of a protein?
Respuesta
  • ionic
  • hydrogen
  • glycosidic
  • ionic and hydrogen
  • all three

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Water is pulled up into a tree due to
Respuesta
  • hydrogen bonding between water molecules
  • the cohesive and adhesive properties of water
  • the fluidity of water at room temperature
  • ionic bonding between water molecules

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Which type of bond maintains the secondary structure of a protein
Respuesta
  • disulfide bridges
  • peptide bonds between two peptide subunits
  • hydrogen bonding between two phospholipid subunits
  • hydrogen bonding between an amino group of an amino acid and a carboxyl group of another amino acid

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
Amino acids within a peptide are covalently linked by peptide bonds between
Respuesta
  • acidic and basic side chains
  • carbonyl and amino groups
  • carboxyl and amino groups
  • polar and non-polar side chains
  • polar side chains

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Insulin protein is soluble in water. A good explanation for this property is
Respuesta
  • that it does not have any secondary structure
  • it contains disulfide bridges
  • many of its amino acids have polar or charged side chains
  • most of its amino acids are hydrophobic

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Hydrogen bonds form between
Respuesta
  • electropositive hydrogen atoms and an electronegative atom
  • hydrogen atoms
  • hydrogen atoms and any other atom
  • hydrogen atoms that share a pair of electrons with another atom

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Of the molecules listed below, which contains the most phosphorus?
Respuesta
  • carbohydrates
  • proteins
  • fatty acids
  • nucleic acids

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Although cellulose is a polymer of glucose molecules, humans cannot use it as a source of energy. Why?
Respuesta
  • cellulose is covered by a waxy coating protecting it from digestion
  • cellulose is hydrophobic
  • humans don't like the taste of cellulose
  • the molecule is too large to be broken down by hydrolytic enzymes
  • humans do not express specific enzymes to digest cellulose

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
All inert gases, such as neon (atomic number = 10) have which of the following in common?
Image:
105383278 Gettyimages 1094878164 Nc (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • they have the same number of protons
  • they have the same number of valence electrons
  • their outer electron shell is completely filled
  • they are all highly reactive

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
The ionic bond of NaCl arises from
Respuesta
  • attraction of a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom
  • transfer of an electron to the nucleus of another atom
  • sharing of a pair of electrons
  • the attraction between two anions
  • an electrostatic attraction between two ions of opposite charge

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
The properties of an atom are determined by its
Respuesta
  • ionic number
  • atomic mass
  • half-life
  • mass number
  • atomic number

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
When NaCl dissolves in water
Respuesta
  • the entire molecule becomes surrounded by water
  • each ion becomes surrounded by water
  • the covalent bonds between sodium and chlorine atoms are broken
  • entire molecule surrounded by water and each ion surrounded by water
  • all three

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
Which of the functional groups above is a carboxyl?
Image:
Figure 02 03 07 (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Two compounds that are structural isomers
Respuesta
  • have the same total mass
  • have the same shape
  • have the same names
  • have the same properties

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
The tertiary structure of a protein is maintained by
Respuesta
  • hydrogen bonding
  • disulfide bridges
  • ionic bonds
  • hydrogen bonding and disulfide bridging
  • all three

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
Why does ice float?
Respuesta
  • Non-uniform spacing of dissolved ions
  • bubbles formed during freezing makes ice more buoyant
  • hydrogen bonds forming between water molecules in ice creates crystal lattice structure that keeping the water molecules farther apart
  • liquid water is translucent and ice is opaque
  • ice contains impurities that keep water molecules away from each other and therefor less dense

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
Which of the following molecules is a major component of biological membranes?
Respuesta
  • carbohydrates
  • phospholipids
  • fatty acids
  • triglycerides

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
Phospholipids contain
Respuesta
  • a hydrophobic head group
  • two hydrophobic tails
  • a ribose sugar
  • hydrophobic head and tails
  • all three

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
If a sample of DNA is composed of 20% guanine, what is the percentage of thymine?
Respuesta
  • 10%
  • 20%
  • 30%
  • 60%
  • 80%

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
The side-chain of the amino acid shown above is
Image:
L Tyrosine (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • non-polar, charged
  • non-polar
  • polar, uncharged
  • polar, charged

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
Water acts as a solvent because
Respuesta
  • it can dissolve any compound
  • it can be surrounded by both non-polar molecules and ionic compounds
  • it is liquid at room temperature
  • it is a polar molecule
  • it forms hydrogen bonds with itself

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
What kind of reaction is required to synthesize a polymer?
Respuesta
  • anxiolytic
  • hydrophobic
  • dehydration
  • hydrolytic
  • anabolic

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
A cation
Respuesta
  • is a positively charged atom
  • is produced by a covalent bond
  • is a negatively charged atom
  • contains more neutrons than protons

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
A mutation that affects the primary structure of a protein, in turn, may affect
Respuesta
  • the secondary structure of the protein
  • the tertiary structure of a protein
  • the quaternary structure of the protein
  • secondary and tertiary
  • all three

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Which of the following molecules is a carbohydrate?
Respuesta
  • C18H9O18
  • C10H12O10
  • C4H8O4
  • C24H2O24
  • C1H3O6

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
Which of the following is not true regarding isomers?
Respuesta
  • isomers have different shapes
  • they have the same number of atoms
  • they have the same chemical properties
  • they may differ in how atoms are arranged across double bonds
  • they have different properties

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) consists of a carbon atom with double covalent bonds to each oxygen. How many electron pairs are shared between a carbon and oxygen atom?
Respuesta
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 8

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
Which atoms, when covalently bonded to hydrogen, are generally electronegative?
Respuesta
  • oxygen
  • nitrogen
  • sodium
  • oxygen and nitrogen
  • all three

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
An atom with an atomic number of 12 has how many electrons in its most outer shell?
Respuesta
  • 0
  • 1
  • 2
  • 8
  • 12

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
Glycogen in animals and amylose in plants
Respuesta
  • are disaccharides
  • are polymers that store glucose
  • cannot both be digested by humans
  • are long chains of amino acids
  • are hydrophobic compounds

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
Of the atoms in the first two rows of the periodic table, carbon atoms are unique because they
Image:
105383278 Gettyimages 1094878164 Nc (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • have four valence electrons
  • readily form polar covalent bonds with oxygen atoms
  • are molecularly stable
  • four valence electrons and molecularly stable
  • all three

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
Which of the following are components of a nucleotide?
Respuesta
  • polar and non-polar amino acids
  • nitrogenous base and phosphate group and sugar
  • glycerol and three fatty acids
  • glycerol and two fatty acids and phosphate group
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