17981314
Descripción
Test por Deana Heitkamp, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Deana Heitkamp
hace alrededor de 5 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What happens to the membrane portion of a vesicle after it fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents during exocytosis?
Respuesta
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it becomes part of the plasma membrane
-
it is ejected from the cell
-
it is transported to another cell
-
it is digested by lysosomes
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Osmosis is the movement of water
Respuesta
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across extracellular space
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from a large volume to a small volume
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throughout the cytoplasm
-
from a compartment with a high concentration of water to one with low concentration of water
-
from a region with a low concentration of water to one with a high concentration of water
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following is/are directly involved in the movement of flagella and cilia?
Respuesta
-
molecular motors
-
microtubules
-
ribosomes
-
molecular motors and microtubules
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motors, microtubules, and ribosomes
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following links the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton?
Respuesta
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cholesterol molecules
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transport proteins
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actin filaments
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microtubules
-
integrin proteins
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of the following would most likely affect the rate of simple diffusion?
Respuesta
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temperature
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hydroxide ion concentration
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isomerization
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pH
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Biological membranes are composed of
Respuesta
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Phospholipids
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protein
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nucleic acid
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phopholipids and proteins
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phopholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will
Respuesta
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change color
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move to a isotonic solution by diffusion
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expand and possibly explode
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stay the same shape
-
shrivel up
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Nucelar pores are functionally important because they facilitate
Respuesta
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endocytosis
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protein synthesis
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transcription of mRNA
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the movement of mRNA molecules form the nucleus into the cytoplasm
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exocytosis
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Membrane ion channels are an example of
Respuesta
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co-transport
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active transport
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ion exchangers
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facilitated diffusion
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carrier transport
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which of the following allow for the exchange of various molecules between plant cells?
Respuesta
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xylem
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gap junctions
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tight junctions
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plasmodesmata
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desmosomes
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of the following are found within both mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Respuesta
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DNA
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ribosomes
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centrosomes
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DNA and ribosomes
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DNA, ribosomes, and centrosomes
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse is an example of
Respuesta
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phagocytosis
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exocytosis
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receptor-mediated endocytosis
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pinocytosis
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endocytosis
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The energy for active transport comes from
Respuesta
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cytoskeleton
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ATP
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pH
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heat
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which transport mechanism is capable of bringing an entire cell into another, and most likely larger, cell?
Respuesta
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receptor-mediated endocytosis
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phagocytosis
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co-transport
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pinocytosis
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Plasma membrane integral proteins may be anchored in place by
Respuesta
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cytoskeletal proteins
-
unsaturated phospholipids
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cholesterol molecules
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saturated phospholipids
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glycoproteins
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
When a plant cell is exposed to an extracellular solution that is hypotonic, what part of the cell keeps it from rupturing?
Respuesta
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chloroplasts
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cell wall
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plasma membrane
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mitochondria
-
central vacuole
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Water cannot flow across phospholipid bilayers by simple diffusion because
Respuesta
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phosphate groups within the core of the membrane repel water molecules
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fatty acids are too viscous
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the concentration of water is always the same inside and outside of a cell
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the fatty tails within the core of the membrane is hydrophobic
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water molecules are attracted and bind to the polar head groups
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
A white blood cell can ingest a bacterial cell by the process of
Respuesta
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receptor mediated hydrolysis
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halitosis
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exocytosis
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pinocytosis
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phagocytosis
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Microtubules are important for
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the structure of flagella and cilia
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centriole structure
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the movement of ions across the plasma membrane
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structure of flagella and cilia and centriole
-
structure of flagella and cilia and centriole and movement of ions
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
A co-transporter membrane protein, for example the sodium-glucose transporter, typically uses which of the following to move molecules across the plasma membrane?
Respuesta
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molecular motors
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hydrolysis
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glycosylation
-
ion gradients
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
A major function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is
Respuesta
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synthesize proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize soluble proteins
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sequestration and release of calcium ions
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synthesize integral membrane proteins
-
protein modification
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The major function of the mitochondria is to synthesize
Respuesta
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ATP
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proteins
-
nucleic acids
-
organic compounds
-
glucose
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Which of the following directly require ATP hydrolysis to function?
Respuesta
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Na/K ATPase
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molecular motors
-
ion channels
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Na/K ATPase and molecular motors
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all
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
The sodium/potassium ATPase is considered electrogenic because
Respuesta
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it produces an electrical potential across the plamsa membrane
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hydrolysis of ATP results in the release of negatively charged inorganic phosphate molecules
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it requires the presence of a membrane potential for its normal function
-
an electrical potential is required for ATP synthesis
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which of the following allows for the exchange of ions between animal cells?
Respuesta
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tight junctions
-
plasmodesmata
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xylem
-
gap junctions
-
desmosomes
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Which characteristic of phospholipids contributes to the fluidity of the membrane?
Respuesta
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the size of the polar head group
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the type of extracellular sugar molecules attached to the protein
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the number of peptide bonds
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the relative composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
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pH
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
In what way does receptor-mediated endocytosis differ from phagocytosis?
Respuesta
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it does not invovle vesicle formation
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in transports only fluid
-
phagocytosis can also expel substances from a cell
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it brings into the cell only specifically targeted substances
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is to
Respuesta
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synthesize soluble proteins
-
synthesize integral membrane proteins
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synthesize proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize integral membrane proteins and proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize soluble, integral membrane, and secretion proteins
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Tight junctions
Respuesta
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allow for the transfer of water and ions between animal cells
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facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of animal cells
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facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of plant cells
-
prevent solution/fluid from moving between the plasma membranes of two animal cells
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The plant cell wall is mostly composed of
Respuesta
-
glycagon
-
amylose
-
cellulose
-
glycogen
-
amylopectin
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
Respuesta
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Smooth ER
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lysosome
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Golgi apparatus
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Rough ER
-
mitochondria
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Chromatin within the nucleus of a cell contains
Respuesta
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DNA
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histone proteins
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RNA
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DNA and histone proteins
-
DNA, histone proteins, and RNA
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following is/are examples of "bulk transport"?
Respuesta
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pinocytosis
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phagocytosis
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receptor-mediated endocytosis
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All of the above
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Portions of an integral membrane protein that typically pass through biological membranes are in the form of
Respuesta
-
a 9+2 microtubule arrangement
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alpha helices with polar side chains
-
alpha helices with mostly non-polar side chains
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beta-pleated sheets with polar side chains
-
complex, three dimensional shapes
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
How do gasses move through plasma membranes?
Respuesta
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co-transport
-
aquaporins
-
ion channels
-
simple diffusion
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The core of a phospholipid bilayer is
Respuesta
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anthropomorhpic
-
polarized
-
hydrophilic
-
amphipathic
-
hydrophobic
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Proteins are transported between the cistern of the Golgi apparatus by
Respuesta
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intermediate filaments attached to the cis face
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vesicles
-
microfilaments
-
microtubules
-
molecular motors
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Free ribosomes within the cytoplasm
Respuesta
-
synthesize soluble mRNA molecules
-
synthesize proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize integral membrane proteins
-
synthesize soluble proteins
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The nuclear envelope is notable because it
Respuesta
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lacks phospholipids
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is constructed with DNA
-
lacks integral membrane proteins
-
is a double membrane
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
How does the sodium/potassium ATPase make the inside of a cell negatively charged?
Respuesta
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by pumping more sodium ions out of the cell than pumping potassium ions into the cell
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by pumping into the cell a large number of anions
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by pumping an equal number of ions in and out of the cell
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by pumping out anions
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Simple diffusion is best characterized by
Respuesta
-
the passive movement of a particle from a region of high concentration to low concentration
-
the active transfer of a particle from a region of low concentration to high
-
the passive movement of a particle from a region of low concentration to high
-
the equilibrium state occurring between two compartments of equal concentration
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Photosynthesis is performed in which of the following organelles?
Respuesta
-
mitochondria
-
Rough ER
-
christae
-
Golgi apparatus
-
chloroplasts
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Which of the following intracellular structures most likely contributes to the mechanisms of endocytosis and exocytosis?
Respuesta
-
Golgi apparatus
-
nucleolus
-
ribosomes
-
chloroplasts
-
cytoskeleton
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Phosphorylation of the sodium/potassium pump by ATP hydrolysis
Respuesta
-
underlies the pumping of Na and K ions by electrostatic repulsion
-
activates molecular motors
-
changes the shape/confirmation of the protein, permitting the pumping cycle to move forward
-
increases the viscosity of the local phospholipid bilayer
-
attracts Na and k ions to their respective binding sites
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Which of the following is not part of the endomembrane system?
Respuesta
-
Rough ER
-
plasma membrane
-
nucleus
-
cholorplast
-
Golgi apparatus
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Sheets of animal cells are held together by
Respuesta
-
gap junctions
-
desmosomes
-
fibronectin
-
plasmodesmata
-
integrins
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Where in a eukaryotic cell would polysaccharides most likely be added to a newly synthesized protein?
Respuesta
-
mitochondria
-
Smooth ER
-
Rough ER
-
ribosomes
-
Golgi apparatus
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Which of the following are found in a typical bacterial cell?
Respuesta
-
ribosomes
-
mitochondria
-
cell wall
-
ribosomes and cell wall
-
ribosomes, mitochondria, and cell wall
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Active transport of sodium and potassium ions out of and into a cell, respectively, requires
Respuesta
-
hydrolysis of ATP
-
movement of phospholipids across the plasma membrane
-
phosphorylation of ATP
-
ATP synthesis
-
the presence of a membrane potential
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?
Respuesta
-
transfer of gases from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm
-
movement of carbon dioxide across the plasma membrane
-
efflux of sodium and the influx of potassium by the Na/K ATPase
-
carrier transport of glucose
-
proton pump extrusion of hydrogen ions
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