1823989
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What monomer units make up the DNA molecule?
Respuesta
-
Nucleotides
-
Monosaccharides
-
Amino acids
-
Phospholipids
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the four nucleotide bases are purine bases?
Respuesta
-
Adenine
-
Guanine
-
Cytosine
-
Thymine
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
How many carbon rings do purine bases have?
Respuesta
-
One
-
Two
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the four bases are pyramidine bases?
Respuesta
-
Adenine
-
Guanine
-
Cytosine
-
Thymine
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
How many carbon rings do pyramidine bases have?
Respuesta
-
One
-
Two
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
In which direction do the nucleotide chains run in?
Respuesta
-
5' to 3'
-
3' to 5'
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What type of sequences do restriction enzymes recognize?
Respuesta
-
Palindromic sequences
-
Repetitive sequences
-
Sequences that only occur once in the whole of our genome
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
All restriction enzymes recognize the same sequence. True or false?
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Restriction enzymes that cut in the middle of the palindrome leave....
Respuesta
-
Blunt ends
-
Sticky ends
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Restriction enzymes that cut at the end of the palindrome leave......
Respuesta
-
Sticky ends
-
Blunt ends
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What enzyme could be considered the opposite to a restriction enzyme?
Respuesta
-
RNA polymerase
-
DNA ligase
-
DNA polymerase
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
How do restriction enzymes cut DNA?
Respuesta
-
They hydrolyse the phosphdiester backbone
-
They perform a condensation reaction on the phosphodiester backbone
-
They hydrolyse the hydrogen bonds between DNA bases
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
What type of bonds does DNA ligase form in DNA?
Respuesta
-
Phosphodiester bonds
-
Hydrogen bonds
-
Peptide bonds
-
Triple carbon bonds
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
What is the main piece of equipment required for gel electrophoresis?
Respuesta
-
Agrose gel plate
-
Test tube
-
Restriction enzyme
-
DNA primers
-
Free nucleotides
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
What is gel electrophoresis used for?
Respuesta
-
To determine the size of DNA fragments
-
To map out plasmids
-
To replicate large amounts of DNA
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Are DNA fragments positively or negatively charged?
Respuesta
-
Positively
-
Negatively
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which end of the agrose gel plate will the DNA samples move towards?
Respuesta
-
The positive end
-
The negative end
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which fragments will move further during gel electrophoresis?
Respuesta
-
Smaller ones
-
Larger ones
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What are restriction maps used for?
Respuesta
-
To map out plasmids
-
To determine the size of fragments of DNA
-
To replicate large amounts of DNA
-
To discover new restriction enzymes
-
To isolate restriction enzymes for later use
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
If a restriction enzyme cuts a plasmid in one place only, how many fragments of the plasmid will there be in total?
Respuesta
-
One
-
Two
-
Three
-
Not enough information
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
If a restriction enzyme cuts a plasmid in two places only, how many plasmid fragments will there be?
Respuesta
-
One
-
Two
-
Three
-
Not enough information
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
What is Polyermerase Chain Reaction (PCR) used for?
Respuesta
-
Replicating known sequences of DNA
-
Replicating unknown sequences of DNA
-
Mapping out DNA sequence on a plasmid
-
Cutting DNA at a particular sequence
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What is missing from this list of what is required to complete PCR? Template, 2 primers, free nucleotides, buffer.
Respuesta
-
DNA polymerase
-
RNA polymerase
-
More primers
-
DNA ligase
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What are the three stages of PCR?
Respuesta
-
Denaturation
-
Annealing
-
Extension
-
Replication
-
Repetition
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What temperature should denauration take place at in PCR?
Respuesta
-
95 degrees
-
50-65 degrees
-
72 degrees
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
At what temperature should the annealing stage of PCR take place at?
Respuesta
-
95 degrees
-
50-65 degrees
-
72 degrees
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
At what temperature should the extension stage of PCR taken place at?
Respuesta
-
90 degrees
-
50-65 degrees
-
72 degrees
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
If there were four strands of DNA in the PCR before one cycle, how many would there be after the cycle has completed?
Respuesta
-
Four
-
Eight
-
Sixteen
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
What is the purpose of the denaturation stage of PCR?
Respuesta
-
To separate the strands of DNA
-
To damage the DNA so that it cannot replicate as it would do in the cell
-
To heat the DNA until it is no longer able to code for specific proteins
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
What enzyme extends the DNA strand during the extension phase of PCR?
Respuesta
-
DNA polymerase
-
RNA polymerase
-
DNA ligase
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
When would you use cloning instead of PCR to replicate DNA?
Respuesta
-
When there are more than 1000 base pairs in the sequence
-
When the base sequence is unknown
-
When the base sequence in known
-
When the base sequence contains too many repetitions
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Why is E. coli often used in the cloning process?
Respuesta
-
Because it grows rapidly in cheap material
-
Because it is the easiest bacteria to make safe for human use
-
Because it is easy to extract the DNA from
-
Because it is easy to re-insert the plasmid into
-
Because it is a very common bacteria
-
Because it has no cell membranes
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