18492105
Descripción
Test por Stephanie Moore, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Stephanie Moore
hace más de 5 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
A neuromuscular junction is a synapse:
Respuesta
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Where a sensory axon delivering information from a muscle meets a neuron
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Where a motor neuron axon meets a muscle fibre
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Specific to cardiac muscles
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Where a muscle excites or inhibits a neuron
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
A person's circadian activity cycle would most likely drift out of phase with the activity of other people if the person:
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Lives near the equator, where the seasons do not vary
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Spends a period of time in seclusion, away from sunlight
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Habitually eats a big meal just before bedtime
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Spends a period of time in the wilderness, away from clocks
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
A proprioceptor is sensitive to the:
Respuesta
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Degree of relaxation or concentration of smooth muscle tissue
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Position and movement of a part of the body
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Percentage of fibres that are contracting within a muscle bundle
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Degree of fatigue in a muscle
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, what do dreams reflect?
Respuesta
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An imbalance among hormone levels
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Unconscious motivations and emotions
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Experiences that have been part of the species' evolutionary history
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The brain's attempt to make sense of spontaneous neural activity
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
After entering stage 4 for the first time each evening, the sleeper typically ____.
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Enters REM
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Wakes up
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Cycles back through stages 3 and 2
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Returns immediately to stage 1
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
If a hamster in its home territory attacks an intruder, what will the hamster do if a second intruder arrives shortly after the first intruder leaves?
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Play with the second intruder
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Attack the second intruder but less vigorously than the first
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Withdraw from the second intruder
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Attack the second intruder quickly and vigorously
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The term "serotonin turnover" refers to the amount of serotonin that is:
Respuesta
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currently present in the brain
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released at synapses and resynthesised
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converted into another transmitter
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radioactively labelled
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
During sleep, what happens in the brain?
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Decreased firing by dopamine neurons
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Increased firing in the frontal lobe
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Increased firing in the parietal lobe
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Increased firing by GABA neurons
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
In Parkinson's disease, which pathway in the brain degenerates?
Respuesta
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Basal ganglia to cerebellum
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Substantia nigra to caudate nucleus and putamen
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Cerebellum to spinal cord
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Cerebral cortex to spinal cord
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
In people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the startle response is ___.
Respuesta
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the same as in other people
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generally stronger than in other people
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generally absent
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generally weaker than in other people
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
In the absence of any light, dark, or time cues, human circadian rhythms would:
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Cease to exist
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Become slightly longer than 24 hours
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Become exactly 24 hours
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Become much shorter than 24 hours
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
One of the main differences between natural killer cells and T cells is that natural killer cells:
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are cancer cells
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are more specific in their targets
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attack several kinds of intruders
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attack normal tissue
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Looking at a picture of people showing emotional expressions causes the greatest activity in the:
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Frontal lobe
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Hippocampus
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Fornix
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Amygdala
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Movements near the midline of the body, such as bending and turning of the trunk, are controlled by which motor system?
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Medial tract
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Hippocampal
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Supplementary
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Dorsolateral tract
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
One explanation for narcolepsy in humans is:
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Excessive alcohol use
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Damage to the locus coeruleus
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A genetic loss of basal forebrain neurons
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A loss of orexin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What is a common symptom of Huntington's disease?
Respuesta
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Twitches, tremors, and writhing that interfere with voluntary movement
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Loss of both sensation and motor control in certain limbs
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Rapid fatigue of the muscles
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Impairment of saccadic eye movements and rapid alternating movements
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Paths from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord are called the ____.
Respuesta
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dorsospinal tracts
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pyramidalspinal tracts
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horizontalspinal tracts
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corticospinal tracts
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What is paradoxical about paradoxical/REM sleep?
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It is associated with dreaming although brain activity is low
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It has restorative functions, and yet the boyd has no apparent need for it
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It is light sleep in some ways and deep sleep in other ways
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It depends on serotonin for its onset and acetylcholine for its offset
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Speaking, piano playing, athletic skills, and other rapid movements would be most impaired by damage to which structure?
Respuesta
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Ventromedial hypothalamus
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Reticular formation
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Parasympathetic nervous system
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Cerebellum
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
The Behavioral Activation System is associated with:
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Lack of arousal, decreased action, and pleasant mood
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Increased attention and arousal, decreased action, and fear or disgust
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Low to moderate arousal, tendency to approach new objects, and pleasant mood
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Maximum arousal, increased fear, and negative mood
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The amygdala is part of the __.
Respuesta
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pyramidal system
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sympathetic nervous system
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parasympathetic nervous system
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limbic system
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The branch of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for preparing the body for intense, vigorous, emergency activity is the
Respuesta
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sympathetic nervous system
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craniosacral nervous system
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parasympathetic nervous system
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somatic nervous system
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Muscle spindles respond to changes in muscle __; Golgi tendon organs respond to changes in muscle __.
Respuesta
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tension; fatigue
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fatigue; tension
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stretch; tension
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tension; stretch
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
The suprachiasmatic nucleus is found in the ____.
Respuesta
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Thalamus
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Caudate nucleus
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Substantia nigra
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Hypothalamus
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Watching another person shoot a basketball is most likely to activate __ neurons in the brain of the person who is watching.
Respuesta
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Spinal cord
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Primary motor cortex
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Ganglion
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Mirror
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Parkinson's disease is caused by degeneration of a pathway of neurons that releases which neurotransmitter?
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Serotonin
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Dopamine
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Acetylcholine
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Substance P
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which of the following events would most likely activate the locus coeruleus?
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Hearing a bear growl in the woods
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Walking
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Taking a nap
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Daydreaming
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT common in people with Parkinson’s disease?
Respuesta
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Slowness of movements
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Rigidity and tremors
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Outbursts of emotion
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Difficulty initiating voluntary movements
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which of the following is an example of a motor program in a human?
Respuesta
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Yawning
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A teenager learning to drive
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A baby's first steps
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Making a list of things to do today
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
With each succeeding stage of sleep (from 1 to 4):
Respuesta
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Slow, large-amplitude waves increase in number
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Breathing and heart rates increase
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Brain activity increases
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Brain waves become smaller
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