1854579
Descripción
Test por Corey Briffa, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Corey Briffa
hace casi 10 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
The definition for synaptogenesis is; the formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system. Although it occurs throughout a healthy person's lifespan, an explosion of synapse formation occurs during early brain development, known as exuberant synaptogenesis.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Show is a picture of a developing neural tube, what structure in the developed brain with occur from the central 'hole' within the neural tube?
Respuesta
-
Ventricles
-
Basal ganglia
-
Spinal Cord
-
Thalamus
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
In what type of division are Neuroepithelial (NE) cells said to divide?
Respuesta
-
Symmetrical
-
Non-symmetrical
-
Embryonic
-
Luminal
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What is an outcome of a person who has not had the correct amount of Neuroepithelial divisions during neuronal development?
Respuesta
-
Microcephaly
-
Half a brain
-
It would not make a difference
-
Specific neurological deficits
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What is the name given to the 'initial' non differentiated cell within the nervous system?
Respuesta
-
Progenitor cell
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Stem cell
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Initial cell
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Tick all the box that correspond to a name of morphogen found within the brain during development
Respuesta
-
Sonic hedgehog
-
BMP
-
WNT
-
Neuregulins
-
Semaphorins
-
Reelin
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
Different types of cells found within the brain are programmed to follow different chemical signals, this allows them to move to the correct area of the brain. initiating transcription factors within the cells allowing them to develop into the required cell.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
In what area of the brain is Sonic Hedgehog found?
Respuesta
-
Ventral region
-
Dorsal Region
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Lateral region
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
What morphogens would you find in the dorsal region of a developing brain?
Respuesta
-
WNT
-
BMP
-
Reelin
-
Sonic Hedgehog
-
Semaphorins
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
The brain forms youngest cells on the inside and the oldest cells on the outside.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Heterotopia is an X linked disease, which is only found in females, it is caused by the doublecortin protein which means the person will have double the cortex. What are the symptoms of such a disease?
Respuesta
-
Learning Difficulties
-
Severe Epilepsy
-
Still birth
-
Greater intelligence
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What morphogen is key in forming the layering system found within the cerebral cortex?
Respuesta
-
Reelin
-
Sonic Hedgehog
-
WNT
-
BMP
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
Axons, dendrites and migrating neuroblasts rely on a part of their cells called 'filopodia' in order to guide them to the area they need to be.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Synaptogenesis occurs when the filapodia reach the right location, What adhesion molecules stablise the contact between filopodia and passing axons?
Respuesta
-
Beta-neurexin
-
Neuroligin-1
-
Alpha-neurexin
-
Neuroligin-2
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
What will happen if the filopodia reaches an axon that is not complimentary?
Respuesta
-
The filopodia will retract
-
The filopodia will still bind, it just won't be active
-
binding still occurs and the neuron will still be active.
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
During synapses strengthening if the circuit is effective what receptor is activated and what does it allow to move into the cell?
Respuesta
-
NMDA receptor
-
Nicotinic receptor
-
Calcium ions
-
Potassium ions
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Calcium ions moving into the axon allows what to happen?
Respuesta
-
Increases AMPA receptors on the cell surface
-
Increases the effectiveness of AMPA receptors (phosphorylation)
-
Causes actin cytoskeleton to grow and increase dendritic spine area and thus more space for AMPA receptors
-
Strengthens synpase
-
Weakens synpase
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
people born with ipsilateral sensory and motor pathways will have severe sensory and motor deficits.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
In what direction do Afferent neurones (Sensory neurones) carry information?
Respuesta
-
From the peripheral nervous system to the the CNS
-
From the CNS to the peripheral nervous system.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
How does the central sulcus of the cortex divide function?
Respuesta
-
Motor in the front, Sensory in the back
-
Sensory in the front, motor in the back
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What region of the brain controls personality and behaviour?
Respuesta
-
Prefrontal Cortex
-
Occipital lobe
-
Parietal Lobe
-
Frontal cortex
-
Basal ganglia
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
What is the name of the pathway that is in control of motor functions of the body?
Respuesta
-
Spinal Thalamic Tract
-
Cortico-spinal tract
-
Dorsal-column pathway
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
The thalamus is the 'gateway' to the cerebral cortex
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
what region of the cerebral cortex does the anterior nuclear group of the thalamus signal too?
Respuesta
-
Limbic cortex (emotion/memory)
-
Prefrontal cortex (Cognitive)
-
Motor and premotor cortex
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What part of the cerebral cortex does the mediodorsal nuclear group relay too?
Respuesta
-
Limbic cortex
-
Prefrontal cortex (cognitive function)
-
Visual cortex
-
Primary sensory cortex
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What area of the cortex do the medial and lateral geniculate bodies relay to? (Respectively)
Respuesta
-
Auditory cortex / Visual cortex
-
Visual cortex / Auditory cortex
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
What is the name of the part of the brain that is linked with dopamine release and therefore has been linked to Parkinson's disease?
Respuesta
-
Substantia nigra
-
Basal ganglia
-
Caudate nucleus
-
Crus Cerebri
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
What are the parts of the brain stem?
Respuesta
-
Medulla Oblongata
-
Pon
-
Midbrain
-
Olives
-
Thalamus
-
Dienchephalon
-
Cerebellum
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
In which part of the brain stem does 80% of the cortico-spinal tract decussate?
Respuesta
-
Pons
-
Medulla oblongata
-
Midbrain
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
is this statement true?
The corticospinal tract is particularly associated with finely-fractioned voluntary movements (e.g. control of the hands)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
In what part of the internal capsule do the efferent fibres of the cortico-spinal tract pass through?
Respuesta
-
Posterior
-
Anterior
-
Inferior
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
is this statement true?
The majority of the anterior corticospinal tract do not decussate?
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
A lesion affecting the posterior limb of the right internal capsule will cause paralysis on the right side of the body.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Is this statement true?
Cortico-bulbar tract, controls motor fibres that control the activitity of motor neurones located in the cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
What two nerves are being tested when testing a patients GAG reflex?
Respuesta
-
Vagus (Motor fibres)
-
Glossopharyngeal nerve (Sensory)
-
Hypoglossal (Sensory
-
Facial nerve
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which of these is a key feature of a first-order neurone?
Respuesta
-
Cell bodies in the grey matter of the brain stem
-
Cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia
-
Neurones that project to the primary somatosensory cortex.
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which of these is a key feature of a second order neurone?
Respuesta
-
Cell bodies in a dorsal root ganglia
-
Cell bodies in the grey matter of the brain stem or spinal cord.
-
Thamalmic projections to the primary somatosensory cortex
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
What is the dorsal column pathway mainly responsible for?
Respuesta
-
Motor functions
-
Proprioception
-
Pain sensation
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
What two receptors are linked to the spino-thalamic pathway?
Respuesta
-
Nociceptors
-
Thermoreceptor
-
Pain raceptors
-
Mechanoreceptors
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Compression of the ventral root will cause what types of symptoms?
Respuesta
-
Motor (inability to move a muscle)
-
Sensory (loss of sensation in a specific area)
-
No symptoms
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