1876808
Descripción
Test por #أطباء_2020 , actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por #أطباء_2020
hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
regarding reflexes :
Respuesta
-
a monosynaptic reflex arc involves one or more interneurons
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the knee jerk reflex is an example of a stretch reflex
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interneurons are the final common path for all reflexes
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withdrawal reflexes are lost following cervical section of spinal cord
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none of the above
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
motor impulses are transmitted by :
Respuesta
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dorsal root of spinal nerves
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dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves
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ventral roots of spinal nerves
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none of above
-
all of the above
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
which of the following is the type of neuron whose axons forms synaptic junctions with sk. muscle cells "intrafusal fibers" within the muscle spindles ?
Respuesta
-
alpha motor neurons
-
pyramidal neurons
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gamma motor neurons
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granule cells
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purkinje cells
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
which of the following types of neurons is the efferent of nuclear bag intrafusal fibers that signal a change in muscle length ?
Respuesta
-
static gamma motor neurons
-
alpha motor neurons
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dynamic gamma motor neurons
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corticospinal neuron
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renshaw cell
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
which of the following receive direct synaptic input from Golgi tendon organs ?
Respuesta
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type Ia inhibitory interneurons
-
dynamic gamma motor neurons
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alpha motor neurons
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type Ib inhibitory interneurons
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type II excitatory interneurons
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
concerning motor cortex :
Respuesta
-
the motor areas of the cortex are situated in the postcentral gyrus
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following a cerebral haemorrhage affecting the precentral gyrusof the right hemisphere , the patient feels no sensations on left side of the body
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the corticospinal tract provides the only connection between the motor cortical areas and the spinal cord
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motor areas of the cortex receive somatosensory input via the thalamus
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
which statement concerning the premotor cortex is correct ?
Respuesta
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the premotor cortex is located just posterior to the primary cortex
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the lateral to medial sequenc in the somatotopic organization of premotor cortex is the reserve of that seen in the primary motor cortex
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stimulation of a small discrete group of neurons in the premotor cortex produces contraction of an individual muscle
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stimulation of the premotor cortex does not lead to any muscle activation
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the premotor cortex sets the specefic posture required for the limb to produce the desired movement
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
a stroke involving the middle cerebral artery on the left side is likely to cause which of the following symptoms ?
Respuesta
-
paralysis of left side of face and left upper extremity
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paralysis of left lower extremity
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complete loss of vision in both eyes
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loss of ability to comprehend speech
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loss of vision in left eye
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
the withdrawal reflex is initiated by stimulation delivered to which of the following receptors?
Respuesta
-
muscle spindle
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joint capsule receptor
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cutaneous free nerve ending
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golgi tendon organ
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pacinian corpuscle
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
paralysis can result from physical damage to the spinal cord Examples of extensive damage to the spinal cord are :
Respuesta
-
quadriplegia
-
paraplegia
-
planter reflex
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A & B only
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None of the above
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
function of cerbellar neurons is,
Respuesta
-
basket cells evoke excitatory response in purkinje cells
-
granule cells evoke excitatory response in purkinje cells
-
golgi cells evoke excitatory response in basket cells
-
purkinje cells evoke excitatory responses in cerebellar nuclear cells
-
stellate cells evoke excitatory responses in basket cells
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
regarding to basal ganglia in motor control :
Respuesta
-
disorder of the basal ganglia produces a marked loss of both sensation and motor control
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parkinsonism is caused by neuronal degeneration within the substantia nigra
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the globus pallidus projects directly to the cerebral cortex
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site of intiation of fine movement
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
which of the following terms describes the cerebellar deficit in which there is failure to perform rapid alternating movement:
Respuesta
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past pointing
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intention tremor
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dysarthia
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cerebellar nystagmus
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dysdiadokokinesia
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
concerning muscle spindle :
Respuesta
-
primary afferents arise from nuclear chain fibers only
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secondery endings arise from both nuclear bag and nuclear chain
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primary afferent belongs to type Ib fibers
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primary afferent has the highest conduction velocity in the body
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
activation of gamma motor neuron :
Respuesta
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causes relaxation of extrafusal muscle fibers
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causes the contraction of intrafusal muscle fibers
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makes the muscle spindle more sensitive to stretch
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relax the muscle spindle
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a , b & c
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
regarding upper motor neuron :
Respuesta
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it originates from the anterior horn
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its chronic lesion causes falccid paralysis
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fibrellation is common with its lesion
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its lesion is associated with clasp-knife pattern of hypertonia
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
in generation of motor act :
Respuesta
-
area 4 responsible for planning
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area 6 and basal ganglia help in planning
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spino-cerebellum helps in planning
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lateral cerebellum adjust the ongoing movement
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generation of idea occurs in the occibital lobe
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
in basal ganglia :
Respuesta
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activity in the direct pathway results in increased thalamo-cortical activity
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dopamine activate the indirect pathway
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globus pallidus externa is a part of the direct pathway
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acetyl-choline activates the direct pathway
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parkinsonism associated with increased activity in the direct pathway
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
ataxia is defined as :
Respuesta
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inability to perform rapidly alternating movements
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error in the range of movement
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lack lack of continuity in the execution of movements
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error in the rate , force and direction of movement
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weakness
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
walking is controlled by groups of neurons of the spinal cord called :
Respuesta
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nuclea and ganglia
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the limbic system
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central pattern generators
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dorsal and ventral horns
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corticospinal tract
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