1993688
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What carries blood to the lungs for gas exchange and returns blood to the heart?
Respuesta
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Pulmonary trunk
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Pulmonary circuit
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood?
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Right side
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Both sides
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
To where in the body does the systemic circuit supply blood?
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The organs
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The arteries
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What two major arteries return oxygen poor blood to the right side of the heart?
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Pulmonary trunk and ciliac trunk
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Superior and inferior vena cava
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What cavity is the heart located in?
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Thoracic cavity
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Abdominopelvic cavity
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What is located in the mediastinum, between the lungs and deep to the sternum?
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The heart
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The diaphragm
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What is the bottom of the heart called?
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Apex
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Aorta
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Also called the parietal pericardium, this is a fibrous layer of dense irregular CT and deep serous layer.
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Pericardial sac
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pericarial infarction
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The epicardium (serous membrane on the external surface of the heart) is also called what?
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Epicardial sac
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Visceral pericardium
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What is the space between the parietal and visceral membranes called?
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Pericardial cavity
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Pericarial sac
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What are the three layers of the heart wall?
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Epicardium, endocardium and pericardium
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Epicardium, endocardium and myocardium
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Folds in the plasma membrane that interlock cells are called what?
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Interlocked discs
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Intercalated folds
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
What is the function of a mechanical junction?
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Tightly join cells and prevent them from pulling apart when they contract
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Tightly join cells and help them break apart when they contract
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Channels that allow ions to flow from the cytoplasm of one cell into the next are called what?
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Electrical/gap junctions
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Electric slide
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Cardiocytes are right in what three things?
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Myoglobin, glycogen and mitochondria
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Myoglobin, glycogen and ATP
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Collagen and elastic fibers that provide structural support, anchor cardiocytes and electrically insulate chambers are called the...
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Fibrous skeleton
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Fiber skeletal
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which receives blood returning to the heart by way of the great veins?
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Atria
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Ventricles
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What is an auricle?
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Ear-like extension, increases atrial volume
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Wall that separates the atria
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which ejects blood into the arteries?
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Atria
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Ventricles
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Groove that encircles the heart between the atria and ventricles and contains blood vessels...
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Coronary AV sulcus
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Interventricular sulci
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Anterior and posterior grooves that overlie the IV septum and contains blood vessels...
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Interventricular sulci
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Interatrial sulci
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Wall between the ventricles
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Interatrial septum
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Interventricular septum
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What is the purpose of valves?
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Ensure the one-way flow of blood
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There is no purpose
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which valves regulate the opening between the atria and the ventricles?
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Atrioventricular AV valves
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Interventricular IV valves
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The _____ connect valve cusps to papillary muscles, preventing flipping or bulging of the cusps
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Tendons
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Tendinous cords
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Semilunar SL valves...
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Regulate the flow of blood from the ventricles to the large arteries
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Regulate the flow of blood from the lower limbs back to the heart
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which valve controls the opening from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk?
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Pulmonary SL valve
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Pulmonary trunk
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which valve controls the opening from the left ventricle into the aorta?
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Aortic SL valve
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Ventricular SL valve
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Failure of a valve to prevent backwards flow of blood?
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Valvular stenosis
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Valve insufficiency
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
When the cusps are stiffened and the opening is constricted by scar tissue, this is called what?
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Valvular stenosis
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Valve insufficiency
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Regurgitation of blood through and insufficient valve
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Murmur
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Mumble
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
What is mitral valve prolapse?
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When the mitral valve closes before it's expected to
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When one or more left AV valve cusps bulge into the atrium during ventricular contraction
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
What is the meaning of myogenic?
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Signal originates within the heart
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Signal targets the heart
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Initiates each heartbeat and determines the heart rate
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Sinoatrial SA node -- the pacemaker
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Autorhythmic
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Receives signal from the SA node and directs it to the ventricles
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Antroventricular AV node
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Atrioventricular AV bundle
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Nervelike processes that arise from the ends of the bundle
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Perkins fibers
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Purkinje fibers
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
The _____ rhythm is the NORMAL heartbeat triggered by the SA node (70-80 bpm)
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Sinus
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Coronary
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
AV node takes over the heart rhythm is SA node is damaged, called the _____ rhythm
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Nodal
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Sinus
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
In the SA node, a slow inflow of Sodium (Na) causes gradual depolarization. This is called...
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Pacemaker physiology
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Pacemaker potential
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
When the pacemaker potential reaches threshold, _____ channels open and _____ flows in, producing rapid depolarization
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Calcium (Ca)
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Potassium (K)
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
At peak, _____ channels open and _____ leaves the cell, causing repolarization
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Calcium (Ca)
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Potassium (K)
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Once the potassium channels close, what happens to the pacemaker potential?
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Nothing
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It starts over
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
An ECG or electrocardiogram is a composite recording of what?
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All the action potential produced by the heart
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The German spelling
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
A pressure difference between two points causes a fluid to flow from _____ pressure to _____ pressure (pressure gradient)
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High; Low
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Low; High
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
What are the four phases of the cardiac cycle?
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-Ventricular filling -Isovolumetric contraction -Ventricular ejection -Isovolumetric relaxation
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-Ventricles fill -Blood stays -Ventricles eject -Blood leaves
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
The amount of blood ejected by each ventricle in ONE minute
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Cardiac arrest
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Cardiac output
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
WHAT increases both heart rate and stroke volume?
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McDonalds
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Exercise
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Resting heart rate ABOVE 100 bpm; resting heart rate BELOW 60 bpm
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Tachycardia; Bradycardia
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Bradycardia, Tachycardia
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Where are the cardiac centers located?
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Medulla oblongata
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Medullary
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
What is the cardiostimulatory effect?
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Stimulation of the cardiac muscle
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Transmission of signals by way of the SNS to the SA node, AV node and myocardium to speed up the HR
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
What is the cardioinhibitory effect?
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Stopping the heart
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Transmission of signals by way of the vagus nerve to the SA and AV nodes to slow the HR
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Which receptors send signals to the medulla in response to bp changes?
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Baro
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Chemo
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Which receptors send signals to the medulla in response to increase CO2, H or O2 to increase HR?
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Chem
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Baro
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Hyperkalemia is what?
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Too much potassium in the blood
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Too little potassium in the blood
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Hypocalcemia is what?
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Too little calcium in the blood
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Too much calcium in the blood
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