2501960
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which of the following will cause an increase in blood pressure?
Respuesta
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Increased parasympathetic nerve system activity at the sinoatrial node
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Vasodilatation of the peripheral arterioles
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A decrease in circulating blood volume
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Increased activation of cardiac B1 (beta 1) adrenoreceptors
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about the renin-angiotensin system is incorrect?
Respuesta
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Angiotensin II is the major bioactive peptide
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Renin is released from the kidney in response to an increase in blood pressure
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Activation of the system can increase aldosterone production and Na+ retention
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Increased activity of ACE can lead to enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about hypertension is incorrect?
Respuesta
-
Hypertension is a graded condition
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Hypertension is a major risk for heart failure and stroke
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Hypertension is usually due to a specific underlying pathology
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Hypertension is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
ACE inhibitors such as Catopril act by:
Respuesta
-
Competitively antagonising AT1 receptors
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Decreasing the formation of angiotensinogen
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Increasing the activity of renin
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Reducing the conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Potential adverse effects (AEs) of calcium ion channel blockers such as Amlodopine do NOT include:
Respuesta
-
Tachycardia
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Ankle swelling
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Flushing
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Orthostatic hypotension
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about anti-hypertensive drugs is INCORRECT?
Respuesta
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Atenolol will oppose the increases in heart rate and contractility caused by SNS activation
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Hydrochlorothiazides act in the distal tubule to increase Na+ reabsoprtion
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Irbesartan antagnoises AT1 receptors to reduce vasoconstriction
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Prazosin reduces blood pressure by antagonising adrenoreceptors in the vasculature
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Eplerenone:
Respuesta
-
Increases Na+ reabsorption in the collecting duct
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Produces a large diuresis
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Reduces K+ excretion
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Is a positive inotrope
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the mechanism of action of Digoxin?
Respuesta
-
An increase in intracellular Na+ concentrations
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Inhibition of the Na+-K+-ATPase
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An increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+
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Increase activity of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Organic nitraties such as Glyceryl Trinitrate do all of the following except:
Respuesta
-
Cause vasodilation
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Increase cardiac contractility
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Reduce preload
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Lower blood pressure
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Cholesterol:
Respuesta
-
Is obtained exclusively from dietary sources
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Can be transported from peripheral tissues to the liver by HDL
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Circulates independently in the bloodstream
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Can be synthesised in the adipose tissue
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT part of the mechanism of action for Statins?
Respuesta
-
Increased uptake of LDL from plasma into hepatocytes
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Inhibition of HMA coA-reductase
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Reduction in endogenous cholesterol synthesis
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Down regulation of LDL receptors
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
In low doses, Asprin reduces platelet activation by:
Respuesta
-
Reducing prostacyclin (PGl2) production
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Selectively inhibiting cyclooxygenase in endothelial cells
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Preventing the release of ADP
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Acetylating COX1 in platelets
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