Bacterial growth and control

Descripción

undergraduate Microbiology Test sobre Bacterial growth and control, creado por Beth Moore el 22/05/2015.
Beth Moore
Test por Beth Moore, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Beth Moore
Creado por Beth Moore hace alrededor de 9 años
185
6

Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT an environmental parameter that limits bacterial growth?
Respuesta
  • Temperature
  • pH
  • Metabolism
  • Osmotic pressure
  • None of the above

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
How is a psychrophile adapted to deal with extreme temperatures?
Respuesta
  • Increased number of saturated fatty acids
  • Short acetyl chains on fatty acids
  • Increased G-C content
  • Produces anti-freeze proteins
  • All of the above

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Which of the following is true of cryoprotectants?
Respuesta
  • Bind to small ice crystals and prevent cell lysis
  • Insert into the plasma membrane to make it more fluid
  • A good example is Trehalose and exopolysaccharides
  • All of the answers

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
What would you expect an Alkaliphile to use to drive cell processes?
Respuesta
  • Protons
  • Potassium ions
  • Sodium ions
  • Calcium Chloride

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
What is a thermosome?
Respuesta
  • An bacterium that thrives in hot temperatures
  • A thermostable protein
  • A chaperonin protein complex
  • A glycerol tetraether

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Which of the following is not mechanism by which halotolerant and halophilic bacteria respond to osmotic stress?
Respuesta
  • Release solutes through mechanosensitive channels
  • Stabilisation of S-layer glycoproteins with sodium ions
  • Production of compatible solutes inside the cell
  • Modification of mitochondrial metabolism

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Which of the following is needed to catalyse the whole of this reaction?
Respuesta
  • Peroxidase
  • Superoxidase dismutase + catalase
  • catalase
  • Superoxidase dismutase + superoxidase reductase

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Which of the following categories of bacteria contain catalase + SOD ?
Respuesta
  • Facultative aerobes
  • Obligate aerobes
  • Obligate anaerobes
  • Aerotolerant aerobes
  • Microaerophiles

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Which of the following is an indirect measurement of bacterial growth?
Respuesta
  • Flow cytometry
  • Viable counting
  • Petroff-Hauser cell counting
  • Optical density

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Select the correct order in a bacterial growth curve:
Respuesta
  • Log phase --> stationary phase --> lag phase --> death phase
  • Log phase --> lag phase --> death phase -->stationary phase
  • lag phase --> log phase --> death phase -->stationary phase
  • lag phase --> log phase -->stationary phase -->death phase

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Which of the following is the correct definition for the thermal death point?
Respuesta
  • Minimal temperature at which all organisms are killed in 10 min in a particular liquid
  • Minimal temperature at which all organisms are killed in 1 hour in a particular liquid
  • Minimum time taken to kill all organisms at particular temperature in a given liquid
  • Minimal temperature at which all organisms are killed in 10 min in water

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Which temperature does the dry heat (oven) method of steralisation occur at?
Respuesta
  • 121 degrees celcius
  • 150 degrees celcius
  • 70 degrees celcius
  • 100 degrees celcius

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Which of the following ways does non-ionising radiation cause damage to the cell?
Respuesta
  • By breaking the DNA into fragments
  • By creating reactive oxygen species
  • By lysing the cell membranes
  • By mutating the DNA

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Which of the following states would filtration be an appropriate method of sterilisation?
Respuesta
  • Gas
  • Liquid
  • Solid

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Which of the following shows a bactericidal treatment? (note: top line shows cell count and bottom line shows viable cell count, x axis= Log number of cells y axis = Time)

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Which of the following kills microorganisms but not necessarily endospores?
Respuesta
  • Disinfectants
  • Sterilants
  • Antiseptics

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
Which of the following can be applied to living tissue?
Respuesta
  • Germicides
  • Antiseptics
  • Disinfectants
  • Sterilants

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
Which of the following is a disc diffusion technique that allows the effective concentration to be seen?
Respuesta
  • E-test
  • Minimum inhibitory concentration
  • Minimum bactericidal concentration

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
What is the minimum bactericidal concentration?
Respuesta
  • The lowest concentration of a drug killing >99.9% of a test organism after overnight incubation.
  • The lowest concentration of a drug inhibiting the visible growth of a test organism after overnight incubation.
  • The lowest concentration of a drug killing >99.9% of a test organism after 48 hours of incubation.
  • The highest concentration of a drug killing >99.9% of a test organism after 48 hours of incubation.

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Which of the following does not cause cell death by interacting with proteins?
Respuesta
  • Phenolic compounds
  • Alcohols
  • Aldehydes
  • Quaternary ammonium compounds
  • Halogen releasing agents

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Which are the two main classes of halogen releasing agents used in microbial control?
Respuesta
  • Iodine-releasing
  • Chlorine-releasing
  • Bromine-releasing
  • Fluorine-releasing

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
What is the active concentration of alcohol? (at which it disrupted cell components)
Respuesta
  • 40-60%
  • 60-80%
  • 80-100%
  • 20-40%

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Which of the following is true of phenolic compounds?
Respuesta
  • They often stain
  • They are toxic at high concentrations
  • They act as a local anesthetic at low concentrations
  • They form chlorinated bases in DNA

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Who formally demonstrated the theory of germs?
Respuesta
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Robert Koch
  • Rudolf Emmerich and Oscar Loew
  • Paul Ehrlich

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Which of the following are not part of Koch's postulates on the causal relationship between microorganisms and disease.
Respuesta
  • The microorganism must be found in all organisms suffering from the disease, and in healthy organisms.
  • The microorganism must be re isolated from the inoculated, diseased experimental host and identified as being identical to the original specific causative agent.
  • The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into an immunocompromised organism.
  • The microorganism must be isolated from a diseased organism and grown in pure culture.

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Who won the nobel prize for the showing prontosil red had antibacterial properties?
Respuesta
  • Rudolph Emmerich & Oscar Loew
  • Paul Ehrlich
  • Alexander Fleming
  • Gerhard Domagk

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
Which cell process does penicillin inhibit?
Respuesta
  • Protein synthesis
  • DNA gyrase
  • Cell wall synthesis
  • Folic acid metabolism

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
How many patients were affected by nosocomial infections in Europe in 2011?
Respuesta
  • 14 billion
  • 14 million
  • 1.7 billion
  • 1.7 million

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
Which of the following is a cause of antibiotic resistance?
Respuesta
  • Farming industry
  • Pets
  • Agriculture
  • Aquaculture
  • Human misuse

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
Which of the following is not a property of an ideal antibiotic?
Respuesta
  • Non-toxic/inert
  • Stable
  • Cheap (relatively)
  • selectively distrubuted

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
How do D,D-transpeptidases act in peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis?
Respuesta
  • Covalently bind murNAc and glcNAc together
  • Catalyses the formation of cross-links between D-ala side chains
  • Inhibit peptide binding proteins
  • Bind to the beta-lactam ring of beta-lactam antibiotics

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Overproduction of MexAB-OprM gives imipenem resistance.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
Which of the following is not a way that beta-lactam resistance can form?
Respuesta
  • Change in Pencillin Binding protein pathway
  • Modification of beta-lactam molecules
  • The binding of beta-lactamases to beta lactams using a catalytic serine
  • Mutation of PBPs
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