2807336
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What is the general formula for the Alkanes?
Respuesta
-
Cn Hn+2
-
Cn H2n+2
-
Cn+2 Hn
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What are isomers?
Respuesta
-
Compounds that have the same formula but different bonding.
-
Elements with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
-
Compounds containing hydrogen and carbon.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
The high temperatures in a fractionating column are at the top.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
In fractional distillation of crud oil, what are the characteristics of the small molecules? Tick 3 boxes.
Respuesta
-
Have low boiling point
-
runny
-
viscous
-
light in colour
-
hard to light
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Name the fraction that does not evaporate during fractional distillation.
Respuesta
-
Bitumen
-
Gasoline
-
Refinery gases
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Name the fraction that does not condense in fractional distillation.
Respuesta
-
refinery gases
-
bitumen
-
lubricating oil
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
What are the products of complete combustion?
Respuesta
-
Water
-
Oxygen
-
Carbon dioxide
-
Methane
-
Carbon monoxide
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
What are the products of incomplete combustion?
Respuesta
-
carbon monoxide
-
water
-
carbon dioxide
-
oxygen
-
methane
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What is the definition on an isotope?
Respuesta
-
Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
-
Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of electrons
-
Atoms with the same number of neutrons but a different number of protons
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
All of the elements in a period have the same number of electron shells
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Reduction involves loss of electrons
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Ionic bonding is between metals and non metals.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Positive ions and negative ions have weak electrostatic forces of attraction.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Non metals gain electrons to form negative ions called...
Respuesta
-
anions
-
cations
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Ionic bonding is a strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because of...
Respuesta
-
Weak electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions
-
Weak forces of attraction between the molecules
-
Strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What are the properties of ionic structures?
Respuesta
-
High melting points
-
Low boiling points
-
Conduct electricity when molten/dissolved in water
-
Crystalline solids
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What is an electrolyte?
Respuesta
-
A substance which does not conduct electricity when molten or when dissolved in water, but does conduct electricity when solid .
-
A substance which does not conduct electricity when solid, but does conduct electricity when molten or when dissolved in water.
-
A substance which only conducts electricity when in gas.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
When a metal atom becomes an ion it loses electrons.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Covalent bonding takes place between...
Respuesta
-
non metals only
-
metals only
-
metals and non metals
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
By sharing electrons, what are atoms trying to do?
Respuesta
-
To attain noble gas structure
-
To create compounds
-
To create strong bonds
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
In covalent bonding, the shared electrons are attracted by both nuclei, and this attraction forms the covalent bond.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Atoms bonded by covalent bonding form...
Respuesta
-
Molecules
-
Compounds
-
ions
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The formation of a covalent bond is by the sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Covalent bonding is...
Respuesta
-
A strong attraction between the bonding pair of electrons and the nuclei of the atoms in the bond.
-
A weak attraction between the bonding pair of electrons and the nuclei of the atoms in the bond.
-
A strong electrostatic force between the bonding pair of electrons and the nuclei of the atoms in the bond.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
What are the properties of molecular covalent species?
Respuesta
-
Low melting point
-
High boiling point
-
Usually solids
-
Usually gases or liquids
-
very poor conductors of electricity
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Why do substances with simple molecular structures have low melting and boiling points?
Respuesta
-
They have weak bonds between atoms which are easy to overcome.
-
They have weak forces of attraction between molecules which require little energy to overcome.
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Methane has a high boiling point because there are weak forces between the molecules
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Why is hydrogen a gas at room temperature?
Respuesta
-
It has a low boiling point because it has simple molecular bonds are weak and require little energy to overcome
-
It has weak forces of attraction between molecules which require little energy to overcome.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Why does a substance like Magnesium Chloride have a high melting point.
Respuesta
-
It has strong electrostatic forces of attraction between ions.
-
It has strong bonds between molecules which require little energy to overcome.
-
It has strong forces of attraction between molecules which require little energy to overcome.
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
What are the properties of diamond - a giant covalent structure?
Respuesta
-
made from only carbon atoms
-
it is soluble in water
-
it has a low melting point
-
each atom forms four strong covalent bonds with its neighbours
-
it does not conduct electricity in any state
-
atoms form a rigid 3D structure
-
it is the softest material in the world
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Why does diamond have a high melting point?
Respuesta
-
It has many weak covalent bonds.
-
It has strong forces of attraction between molecules.
-
It has many strong covalent bonds which need to be broken - this requires huge amounts of energy.
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
What are the properties of graphite?
Respuesta
-
carbon atoms form 3 covalent bonds with other carbon atoms
-
electrons hold layers together by a strong force
-
the free electron from each carbon atom is found in gaps between the layers
-
the layers can slide over each other easily
-
does not conduct electricity
-
layers of hexagons
-
in pencils
-
soluble in water
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Allotropes are different forms of the same element, in the same physical state.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
What are the properties of sand and quartz, silicon dioxide?
Respuesta
-
giant ionic structure
-
high melting point
-
tetrahedral structure
-
soft
-
insoluble in water
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Why is it possible to use graphite to lubricate machines?
Respuesta
-
It is a liquid at room temperature so can help machines to slide.
-
Its structure consists of layers that slide over one another easily as they are held by a weak force
-
It contains a special substance which helps to lubricate the machines
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Why can graphite conduct electricity?
Respuesta
-
It contains delocalised electrons (free electrons) which can move through graphite and carry charge.
-
It contains metal which is a good conductor of electricity.
-
It contains allotropes which carry charge from place to place through graphite.
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
What are the properties of metals?
Respuesta
-
shiny
-
bad conductors of heat and electricity
-
high melting and boiling points
-
ductile
-
strong
-
malleable
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
What is metallic bonding?
Respuesta
-
the chemical bond of two metals, creating a metallic compound
-
the electrostatic attraction between the positive metal ion and delocalised electrons
-
the strong force of attraction between two oppositely charged metal ions
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Metal conducts electricity because the electrons are not free to move.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Fill the gaps:
As you go 1)_________ the group 1 alkali metals, the atomic radius gets 2)___________ due to an extra filled electron shell.
Respuesta
-
1) Down
-
1) Up
-
2) Bigger
-
2) Smaller
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
In group 1 metals, the outer electron is less and less strongly attracted by the positive nucleus because it is further from the nucleus and is also shielded by the extra full electron shell of negative charge.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Fill the gaps:
As you go down group 1 the elements become 1)________ reactive because it is easier to lose the electron from the outer shell and form a(n) 2)________
Respuesta
-
1) more
-
1) less
-
2) anion
-
2) cation
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
As you go ________ the group 7 halogens, the atomic radius gets bigger due to an extra filled electron shell.
Respuesta
-
Down
-
Up
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
As you go down the group, why do outer electrons become less and less strongly attracted by the positive nucleus?
Respuesta
-
The outer electrons are further from the nucleus and are shielded by the extra full electron shell of negative charge.
-
There are too many other electrons which are attracted to the positive nucleus.
-
The outer electrons are shielded by an extra full electron shell of positive charge.
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Why do the elements become less reactive as you down Group 7?
Respuesta
-
dogs can fly
-
It is harder to attract an 8th outer electron, so it cannot fill its outer shell, so it cannot form a bond, so it is less reactive.
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
What are the properties of group 1 metals?
Respuesta
-
alkali
-
low melting points
-
hard
-
most reactive group
-
blue compounds
-
low densities
-
soluble in water
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Group 1 metals react vigorously with water to produce an alkaline metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Which of these best describes the reaction of potassium with water?
Respuesta
-
Floats on the surface, gently fizzing and giving off hydrogen.
-
It gets so hot it melts itself when it reacts. Fizzes on surface rapidly.
-
Gets so hot that it lights the hydrogen gas given off. Burns with a lilac flame.
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Click the correct statements.
At room temperature...
Respuesta
-
Fluorine is a pale yellow gas
-
Chlorine is a blue gas
-
Bromine is a brown/red dense liquid
-
Iodine is a grey solid
-
Astatine is a white sold
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
In halogen displacement reactions, the more reactive halogen prefers to be in the compound.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Group 7 elements react vigorously with group 1 elements like sodium and potassium. When they do react, what is formed?
Respuesta
-
A metal compound
-
A metal halide
-
A metal halogen
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
When halogens react they GAIN electrons, turning into halides. (reduction)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Halides GAIN electrons when they become halogens. (oxidation)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Select the correct way of expressing the reduction of Bromine (halogen) to Bromide (halide).
Respuesta
-
Br2 + 2e- → 2Br-
-
Br2 → 2Br- + 2e-
-
Br2 - 2e- → 2Br-
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
Hydrogen Chloride dissociates in water (polar solvent) to form separate ions: H+ and Cl-. The H+ has acidic properties in water, turning...
Respuesta
-
Blue litmus paper blue
-
Blue litmus paper red
-
Red litmus paper blue
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
When Hyrdrogen Chloride gas is dissolved in Methyl-benzene, why does the blue litmus paper stay blue?
Respuesta
-
Methyl-benzene is a polar solvent
-
The HCl does not dissolve properly
-
Methyl-benzene is a non-polar solvent
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
Select the correct order of the reactivity series.
Respuesta
-
Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Silver, Gold, Platinum, Zinc, Iron, Lead, Copper
-
Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Zinc, Iron, Lead, Copper, Silver, Gold, Platinum
-
Potassium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Sodium, Lithium, Calcium, Zinc, Iron, Lead, Copper, Platinum, Silver, Gold,
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