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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What triggers the activation of the adaptive immune system?
Respuesta
-
Pathogen exposure
-
Inflammation
-
Antibody production
-
Phagocytosis
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
There are two components of the adaptive immune system. What are they called?
Respuesta
-
Cellular immune system
-
Humoral immune system
-
Antigenic immune system
-
Cytotoxic immune system
-
Acquired immune system
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What happens to the response of the immune system on each repeated exposure to a pathogen?
Respuesta
-
It becomes faster
-
It becomes more specific
-
It causes more inflammation
-
It becomes less efficient
-
It involves more components of the immune system
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What cells are involved in humoral immunity?
Respuesta
-
B cells
-
T cells
-
Natural killer cells
-
Phagocytes
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What cells are involved in cellular immunity?
Respuesta
-
B cells
-
T cells
-
Phagocytes
-
Natural killer cells
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which part of the adaptive immune system produced antibodies?
Respuesta
-
Humoral
-
Cellular
-
Both
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The adaptive immune system is able to remember pathogens in case they present again. True or false?
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which cells express CD4?
Respuesta
-
T helper cells
-
T killer cells
-
T regulatory cells
-
Plasma B cells
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
What is the function of T helper cells?
Respuesta
-
Activate macrophages
-
Help B cells to produce antibodies
-
Remember the pathogen in case of repeat infection
-
Produce antibodies
-
Activate natural killer cells
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Why do we need T regulatory cells?
Respuesta
-
To control the immune response
-
To ensure the immune response is specific
-
To prevent the immune system from attacking healthy cells
-
To prevent the immune system from attacking normal flora
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which cells expressed CD8?
Respuesta
-
T killer cells
-
T helper cells
-
T regulatory cells
-
Plasma B cells
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which cells have the longest life-span?
Respuesta
-
T regulatory cells
-
Memory B cells
-
Plasma B cells
-
T helper cells
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
How are antibodies separated into classes?
Respuesta
-
By their heavy chain
-
By their light chain
-
By their constant region
-
By their variable region
-
By what sort of pathogen they are against
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
What is the function of membrane bound antibodies?
Respuesta
-
Recognise antigens
-
Activate B cells
-
Activate T cells
-
Opsonisation
-
Neutralization of pathogens
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which type of antibody activates complement?
Respuesta
-
Membrane bound antibodies
-
Secreted antibodies
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which cells require an antigen presenting cell to activate them?
Respuesta
-
T cells
-
B cells
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following cells can act as antigen presenting cells?
Respuesta
-
Dendritic cells
-
Macrophages
-
Natural killer cells
-
Plasma B cells
-
Mast cells
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which cells express MHCI?
Respuesta
-
All nucleated cells
-
T helper cells
-
Antigen presenting cells
-
Plasma B cells
-
Natural killer cells
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which of the following cells recognised MHCII?
Respuesta
-
CD8 cells
-
CD4 cells
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Where within the antigen presenting cell is the MHC produced?
Respuesta
-
Endoplasmic reticulum
-
Golgi body
-
Ribosome
-
Nucleus
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Where is the MCHII complex combined with the antigenic peptides?
Respuesta
-
Endosome
-
Endoplasmic reticulum
-
Golgi body
-
Vesicle
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The T cell is activated when it detects the MHC-antigen complex. True or false?
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Which types of hypersensitivity reaction are mediated by antibodies?
Respuesta
-
I
-
II
-
III
-
IV
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by IgE?
Respuesta
-
I
-
II
-
III
-
IV
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which of the following are examples of hypersensitivity reactions that are mediated by IgE?
Respuesta
-
Asthma
-
Pollen allergy
-
SLE
-
Myasthenia Gravis
-
Grave's disease
-
Type I diabetes
-
Psoriasis
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
In a type I hypersensitivity reaction, what needs to happen to the antibodies on repeat exposure for there to be a hypersensitivity reaction?
Respuesta
-
Clonal expansion
-
Cross-linking
-
Breaking of the disulphide bonds
-
Dimer formation
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Grave's disease is an example of a type II hypersensitivity reaction. What are type II hypersensitivity reactions mediated by?
Respuesta
-
IgE
-
Antibodies other than IgE
-
T helper cells
-
T cytotoxic cells
-
Natural killer cells
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
What is another example of a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
Respuesta
-
Myasthenia Gravis
-
Asthma
-
Type I diabetes
-
SLE
-
Coeliac disease
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
How do the antibodies in type II hypersensitivity reactions cause disease?
Respuesta
-
They block the receptor
-
They activate the receptor
-
They destroy the receptor
-
They act as inverse agonists
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
In which type of hypersensitivity reaction after immune complexes formed?
Respuesta
-
I
-
II
-
III
-
IV
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Why are immune complexes a problem?
Respuesta
-
Because they can get stuck in the body
-
Because they promote autoimmune destruction of cells
-
Because they promote other hypersensitivity reactions
-
Because they increase the viscosity of blood which can cause thrombosis
-
Because they cause lymphadenopathy
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Antibodies in immune complexes can activate complement. True or false?
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
What are type IV hypersensitivity reactions mediated by?
Respuesta
-
T helper cells
-
Antibodies other than IgE
-
IgE
-
T killer cells
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which of the following are examples of type IV hypersensitivity reactions?
Respuesta
-
Coeliac disease
-
Type I diabetes
-
SLE
-
Asthma
-
Haemolytic disease of the new born
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
How do T helper cell cause hypersensitivity reactions?
Respuesta
-
Cytokine production that activates macrophages and T cytotoxic cells
-
Activation of natural killer cells
-
Activation of mast cells causing release of histamine
-
Formation of immune complexes which activate complement
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