Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Noble gases do not participate in any chemical reactions.
Respuesta
-
True. Absolutely all of them do not participate in any chemical reactions.
-
False. The heavier ones are found to participate in chemical reactions, mostly with fluorine and oxygen.
-
False. Most of them participate in chemical reactions, contrary to popular belief.
-
Scientists are not yet sure.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
These are a group of elements that have their outermost electron occupying their outer s or p orbital
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
These electrons have the greatest influence on the properties of elements
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Adding an electron to an __ usually causes dramatic changes in the physical and chemical properties of the atom
Respuesta
-
s or p orbital
-
d or f orbital
-
s or d orbital
-
p or f orbital
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Within a family of representative elements, atomic radii __ from top to bottom. Across a period, it __ from left to right.
Respuesta
-
increases; decreases
-
decreases; increases
-
increases; increases
-
decreases; decreases
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
It is a measure of the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion with a 1+ charge.
Respuesta
-
Ionization Energy
-
Activation Energy
-
Electron Affinity
-
Electronegativity
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
For a given element, the first ionization energy is always __ the second ionization energy.
Respuesta
-
greater than
-
less than
-
almost equal to
-
unrelated to
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
The first ionization energies generally __ from left to right across the period, and __ from top to bottom within a family.
Respuesta
-
increases; decreases
-
decreases; increases
-
increases; increases
-
decreases; decreases
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Elements from Group __ are exceptions of the periodic trend of first ionization energies because __.
Respuesta
-
2A; having a fully filled s orbital makes them almost as stable as noble gases
-
3A; it is easier to remove the lone p1 electron than the fully filled s orbital
-
4A; this is what experimental data is suggesting
-
8A; they are the noble gases
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Elements with low ionization energies form __.
Respuesta
-
ionic compounds by losing electrons to form cations
-
ionic compounds by gaining electrons to form anions
-
molecular compounds by sharing electrons with other elements
-
None of the above
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Elements with intermediate ionization energies form __.
Respuesta
-
ionic compounds by losing electrons to form cations
-
ionic compounds by gaining electrons to form anions
-
molecular compounds by sharing electrons with other elements
-
None of the above
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Elements with very high ionization energies form __.
Respuesta
-
ionic compounds by losing electrons to form cations
-
ionic compounds by gaining electrons to form anions
-
molecular compounds by sharing electrons with other elements
-
None of the above
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
It is defined as the energy change when an electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion with a 1- charge.
Respuesta
-
Ionization Energy
-
Activation Energy
-
Electron Affinity
-
Electronegativity
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Species are isoelectronic when __.
Respuesta
-
when they have the same electron affinity
-
when they have the same electronegativity
-
they have the same number of electrons
-
their outermost electron are in the same suborbital
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Elements from the left side of the periodic table __ to attain noble gas configurations. By contrast, elements from the right side __.
Respuesta
-
lose electrons; gain electrons
-
gain electrons; lose electrons
-
lose protons; gain protons
-
gain protons; lose protons
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Simple __ are always smaller than the neutral atoms. Conversely, simple __ are always larger.
Respuesta
-
negatively charged ions (anions)
positively charged ions (cations)
-
positively charged ions (cations)
negatively charged ions (anions)
-
This question does not make sense.
-
Why am I even here?
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Both cation and anion sizes __ going down a group.
Respuesta
-
increase
-
decrease
-
vary irregularly
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Within an isoelectric series, ionic radii __ with __ atomic number because of __ nuclear charge.
Respuesta
-
increase
increasing
increasing
-
decrease
decreasing
decreasing
-
decrease
increasing
increasing
-
increase
decreasing
decreasing
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
It is a measure of the relative tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another atom.
Respuesta
-
Ionization Energy
-
Activation Energy
-
Electron Affinity
-
Electronegativity
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Elements with high electronegativities are often __ that gain electrons to form __; those with low are often __ that lose electrons to form __.
Respuesta
-
metals; cations
nonmetals; anions
-
nonmetals; anions
metals; cations
-
metalloids; cations
metals; cations
-
metalloids; cations
nonmetals; anions
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
For representative elements, electronegativities usually __ from left to right across periods and __ from top to bottom within groups.
Respuesta
-
increase
decrease
-
decrease
increase
-
increase
increase
-
decrease
decrease
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Electronegativities of the elements are expressed on a somewhat arbitrary scale, called the __.
Respuesta
-
Cavendish scale
-
Arrhenius scale
-
Oswald scale
-
Pauling scale
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Two elements with a large difference in electronegativities tend to react with each other to form __ compounds, whereas those with similar electronegativities tend to form __ bonds.
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
In simple ionic compounds, it is the number of electrons gained or lost by an atom when forming a compound. For single atom ions, it is the actual charge on the ion.
Respuesta
-
Atomic number
-
Nucleon number
-
Oxidation state
-
None of the above
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
For the most electronegative element, __, the oxidation state is always __.
Respuesta
-
hydrogen; +1
-
lithium; +1
-
fluorine; -1
-
oxygen; -2
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
He discovered hydrogen which he prepared by passing steam through a red-hot gun barrel, and by reaction of acids with reactive metals.
Respuesta
-
Joseph Priestly
-
Henry Cavendish
-
Pierre Janssen
-
Norman Lockyer
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
It is currently not very economical to use solar power to continuously electrolyte water to produce hydrogen gas because __.
Respuesta
-
it is extremely reactive and unstable
-
it is dangerous to transport due to the fact that it is the lightest gas and can easily leak out
-
it is extremely poisonous to humans
-
it smells really bad
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Hydrogen reacts with metals and other nonmetals to form binary compounds called __.
Respuesta
-
hydrides
-
hydrates
-
hydrites
-
acids
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
__ are binary compounds containing H- ions, formed when hydrogen gains one electron from an active metal. By contrast, __ contain H+ ions, formed when hydrogen shares electrons with another nonmetal.
Respuesta
-
Ionic hydrides
molecular hydrides
-
Molecular hydrides
ionic hydrides
-
Ionic hydrates
molecular hydrates
-
Molecular hydrates
ionic hydrates
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
__ are all basic because they react with water to form hydroxide ions, whereas many __ are acidic because their aqueous solutions contain hydrogen cations.
Respuesta
-
Ionic hydrides
molecular hydrides
-
Molecular hydrides
ionic hydrides
-
Ionic hydrates
molecular hydrates
-
Molecular hydrates
ionic hydrates
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The primary industrial use of hydrogen gas is for the synthesis of __ by the Haber process.
Respuesta
-
hydrochloric acid
-
sulfuric acid
-
sodium bicarbonate
-
ammonia
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
He discovered oxygen in 1774 by observing the thermal decomposition of mercury (II) oxide, a red powder, to form liquid mercury and a colorless gas.
Respuesta
-
Joseph Priestly
-
Henry Cavendish
-
Pierre Janssen
-
Norman Lockyer
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
The earth - land, water, and air - is approximately __ % oxygen by mass.
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Oxygen is __ soluble in water.
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Oxygen forms oxides by direct combination with all other elements, except the noble gases and noble metals. Which of the following is not a noble metal?
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which of the following kind of metallic oxide has oxygen atoms with an oxidation state of -1?
Respuesta
-
Normal oxides
-
Peroxides
-
Superoxides
-
None of the above
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which of the following kind of metallic oxide has oxygen atoms with an oxidation state of -1/2?
Respuesta
-
Normal oxides
-
Peroxides
-
Superoxides
-
None of the above
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Metals that exhibit variable oxidation states (mostly transition metals) react with a limited amount of oxygen to give oxides with __ oxidation states, whereas those that react with excess oxygen give oxides with __ oxidation states.
Respuesta
-
lower
higher
-
higher
lower
-
lower
lower
-
higher
higher
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Oxides of __ are called basic anhydrides (or basic oxides) because many of them combine with water to form bases with no change in oxidation state of the __.
Respuesta
-
nonmetals
-
metals
-
metalloids
-
noble gases
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
__ oxides are called acid anhydrides (or acidic oxides) because many of them dissolve in water to form acids with no change in oxidation state of the __.
Respuesta
-
nonmetals
-
metals
-
metalloids
-
noble gases
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Oxygen combines with __ to form molecular oxides.
Respuesta
-
nonmetals
-
metals
-
metalloids
-
noble gases
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
__ oxides of nonmetals react with water to give solutions of ternary acids (which contain elements usually H, O, and another nonmetal).
Respuesta
-
A few
-
About half
-
About a third
-
Nearly all
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
The combination of basic anhydrides with acid anhydrides, with no change in oxidation states, form __.
Respuesta
-
hydrogen gas
-
oxygen gas
-
salts
-
water
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
It is an oxidation-reduction reaction in which oxygen combines rapidly with oxidizable materials in highly exothermic reactions, usually with a visible flame.
Respuesta
-
Combustion
-
Condensation
-
Evaporation
-
Oxidation
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
It is an oxide that shows some acidic and some basic properties.
Respuesta
-
Amphoteric oxide
-
Aliphatic oxide
-
Anhydrous oxide
-
Amphiprotic oxides
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
It is a species containing one or more unpaired electrons, and are very reactive.
Respuesta
-
Ion
-
Irrational
-
Radical
-
None of the above
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
It is the process of heating an ore of an element in the presence of air.
Respuesta
-
Refining
-
Roasting
-
Purifying
-
Combustion