31511964
Descripción
Test por Lexi Schofield, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Lexi Schofield
hace alrededor de 3 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The process occurring within living cells which releases chemical energy stored in food as shown in the following reaction is called:
Glucose -> CO2 + H2O + Energy
Respuesta
-
Glycolysis
-
Enzymatic Breakdown
-
Cellular Respiration
-
Photosynthesis
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
The majority of the energy released in the breakdown of glucose is trapped by an energy transfer compound known as:
Respuesta
-
NADP
-
NAD
-
ATP
-
NADPH2
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
The energy transfer compound described in the preceding problem which traps the majority of the energy released in the breakdown of glucose:
Respuesta
-
is different for protists than for animals
-
is the same compound for the majority of all living organisms
-
is the same compound for all living organisms
-
is different for plants than for animals
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Once formed, the energy transfer compound referred to in the preceding problem releases its stored energy needed for the maintenance of various activities within the cell by:
Respuesta
-
donating a high energy electron
-
donating a pair of hydrogen ions
-
losing hydrogen atoms to a cytochrome system
-
losing its terminal phosphate group
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
The first major set of reactions occurring in the breakdown of glucose involves the stripping away of hydrogen atoms resulting in the production of two 3-carbon molecules of pyruvic acid. This process is called:
Respuesta
-
Fermentation
-
Glycolysis
-
Oxidation
-
Enzymatic breakdown
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Under the right conditions, the hydrogen atoms which are stripped away during the process described in the preceding problem are picked up by a carrier molecule known as:
Respuesta
-
NAD
-
ADP
-
NADH2
-
NADP
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The carrier molecules referred to in the preceding problem transfer the hydrogen ions and their high-energy electrons to a system which moves the electrons down an energy gradient. This system is called the:
Respuesta
-
Hydrogen transport system
-
Cytochrome transport system
-
Electron transport chain
-
respiratory chain
-
all of the above
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
After the electrons have passed through the system described in the preceding problem, the hydrogen ions and their electrons are picked up by another hydrogen acceptor which is:
Respuesta
-
NADH2
-
ADP
-
NAD
-
O2
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The compound formed from the union of the hydrogen ions, electrons, and the hydrogen acceptor molecule described in the preceding problem is:
Respuesta
-
NADH2
-
H2O
-
H2O2
-
NADPH2
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The entire sequence of reactions described from problems 5 to 9 will occur:
Respuesta
-
only in the presence of oxygen
-
only in the presence of light
-
Whether or not oxygen is present
-
whether or not light is present
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
When no oxygen is present, the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid results in the net production of ______ molecules of ATP.
Respuesta
-
6
-
8
-
4
-
2
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
When no oxygen is present, the conditions are said to be:
Respuesta
-
non-oxidative
-
aerobic
-
anaerobic
-
antiaerobic
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Under the conditions described in the preceding problem, the pyruvic acid formed from the breakdown of glucose can be further broken down under an overall process known as:
Respuesta
-
cellular respiration
-
the Kreb's cycle
-
fermentation
-
glycolysis
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The ultimate hydrogen acceptor molecule in the process described in the preceding problem is:
Respuesta
-
pyruvic acid
-
acetic acid
-
O2
-
NAD
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
In yeast cells the final end product(s) of the process described in problem 13 is/are:
Respuesta
-
Water and carbon dioxide
-
Ethyl Alcohol
-
Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide
-
lactic acid and carbon dioxide
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
In animal cells, the final end product(s) of the process described in problem 13 is/are
Respuesta
-
ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide
-
lactic acid and carbon dioxide
-
lactic acid
-
water and carbon dioxide
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
If the conditions are aerobic the overall breakdown of glucose continues, as pyruvic acid is further broken down in a second major set of reactions called:
Respuesta
-
oxidative photophosphorylation
-
the Kreb's cycle
-
substrate-level phosphorylation
-
cyclic photphosphorylation
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Before actually entering the process described in the preceding problem, each molecule of pyruvic acid is first broken down to form:
Respuesta
-
Acetyl - CoA and acetic acid
-
Coenzyme A and acetic acid
-
Acetyl - CoA and carbon dioxide
-
Coenzyme A and carbon dioxide
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which lab did you like best and why?
Respuesta
-
Sourdough bread
-
Root Beer lab
-
Enzyme potato lab
-
Jello lab
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Acetyl - CoA formed in the breakdown of pyruvic acid transfers a 2-carbon acetyl group to a molecule of:
Respuesta
-
-ketoglutaric acid
-
citric acid
-
lactic acid
-
oxaloacetic acid
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The molecule thus formed from the reaction described in the preceding problem is known as
Respuesta
-
lactic acid
-
citric acid
-
oxaloacetic acid
-
- ketoglutaric acid
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
For each molecule of glucose, _________ molecules of carbon dioxide are given off in the breakdown of citric acid to oxaloacetic acid.
Respuesta
-
6
-
4
-
8
-
2
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
In the entire sequence of reactions leading to the complete breakdown of glucose, a total of __________ molecules of ATP are formed when all processes are considered!
Respuesta
-
32
-
38
-
36
-
34
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Dried yeast is introduced into a vacuum bottle containing a 25% molasses solution. After a period of time, a gas begins to be given off. The gas which is given off is most likely:
Respuesta
-
CO3
-
CO2
-
H2O
-
O2
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
During the first three steps of glycolysis, ________ molecules must be invested per glucose molecule in order to overcome certain endergonic steps.
Respuesta
-
2 ATP
-
2 NADH
-
4 ATP
-
4 NADH
-
6 ATP
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
For each molecule of glucose processed by glycolysis, there is a net energy yield of:
Respuesta
-
2 ATP and 2 NADH
-
2 ATP and 4 NADH
-
4 ATP and 2 NADH
-
4 ATP and 4 NADH
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The complete breakdown of pyruvic acid in the presence of oxygen is an:
Respuesta
-
anaerobic process that releases a large amount of energy
-
aerobic process that produces lactic acid or ethanol
-
anaerobic process that releases little usable energy
-
aerobic process that releases a large amount of energy
-
anaerobic process that produces lactic acid and ethanol
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
An oxygen debt may be accumulated in muscle cells by __________ during short bursts of intense muscular activity.
Respuesta
-
the carboxylation of pyruvic acid
-
glycolysis as pyruvic acid is produced under anaerobic conditions
-
the production of lactic acid under anaerobic conditions
-
electron transport as NADH is reoxidized to NAD+
-
the Kreb's cycle as acetyl CoA is completely oxidized
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
LActic Acid is converted to pyruvic acid in the:
Respuesta
-
liver
-
muscles
-
brain
-
spleen
-
stomach
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
In eukaryotes, the enzymes involved in the Kreb's cycle and electron transport are located in the:
Respuesta
-
cell membrane
-
cytoplasm
-
mitochondria
-
peroxisomes
-
lysosomes
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Respiration is a 2-stage process that occurs in the _____________ and consists of ____________.
Respuesta
-
mitochondria; glycolysis and electron transport
-
cytoplasm; the Krebs cycle and electron transport
-
cytoplasm; the Krebs cycle and glycolysis
-
mitochondria; the Krebs cycle and electron transport
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
The folds of the inner membrane of mitochondria are called:
Respuesta
-
matrix
-
cisternae
-
grana
-
thylakoids
-
cristae
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
In eukaryotic cells, some of the enzymes associated with the Krebs cycle are located in the __________ and others are located in the __________.
Respuesta
-
matrix; cell membrane
-
peroxisomes; Golgi complexes
-
cytoplasm; inner membrane
-
thylakoids; grana
-
cristae; matrix
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The enzymes of the electron transport system are located in the mitochondrial:
Respuesta
-
matrix
-
outer membrane
-
cristae
-
intermembrane space
-
cisternae
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
The dense solution within the inner compartment of the mitochondria that contains enzymes, coenzymes, water and phosphates is called the:
Respuesta
-
matrix
-
stroma
-
grana
-
cristae
-
cisternae
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The Krebs cycle begins when the acetyl group of acetyl CoA is joined to _________.
Respuesta
-
citric acid
-
oxaloacetic acid
-
carbon dioxide
-
malic acid
-
succinic acid
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
THe final oxidation of the carbons from the original glucose molecule is completed in:
Respuesta
-
the Krebs cycle
-
glycolysis
-
the electron transport chain
-
pyruvic acid oxidation
-
alcoholic fermentation
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The Krebs cycle is called a cycle because:
Respuesta
-
the enzymes involved are located around the edge of the mitochondrion.
-
it begins and ends with oxaloacetic acid
-
cyclic AMP is produced
-
the process involves cyclic phosphorylation
-
the product of one reaction is the substrate of the next reaction.
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The organelle that is a major producer of ATP and is found in both heterotrophs and autotrophs is the
Respuesta
-
chloroplast
-
nucleus
-
ribosome
-
Golgi apparatus
-
mitchondrion
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Lactic acid metabolism is important for what reason?
Respuesta
-
It makes 2 ATP
-
It releases 4 ATP from NADPH2
-
It provides a burst of energy to move when oxygen has run out
-
B and C
-
None of the above
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