34370019
Descripción
Test por ACAPUN INSTITUTE, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por ACAPUN INSTITUTE
hace alrededor de 3 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Alpha or beta-adrenergic blocking drugs act by
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a. Inhibiting synthesis of norepinephrine.
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b. Increasing the metabolism of norepinephrine
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c. Competitive inhibition of postjunctional adrenergic receptors
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d. A local anesthetic effect on the adrenergic nerve terminal
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e. Depleting norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve terminals
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
A mechanism for the antiadrenergic action of guanethidine is
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a. Inhibition of dopa decarboxylase
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b. Increased rate of metabolism of norepinephrine
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c. Depletion of norepinephrine from the nerve terminals
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d. Substitution for norepinephrine and subsequent action as a false transmitter
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e. Uncoupling of the action potential from the norepinephrine release mechanism
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the effectiveness of action of methyldopa?
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a. It causes marked cardiac slowing
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b. It directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle
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c. It causes rapid depletion of norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve terminals
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d. It causes formation of a false transmitter that is released at vascular smooth muscle
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e. It produces a false transmitter, the effect of which is primarily at central nuclei
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
The mechanism of action of reserpine is to
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a. Inhibit monoamine oxidase
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b. Inhibit catechol-O-methyltransferase
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c. Block the passage of the nerve action potential in the postganglionic nerve fibers
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d. Stabilize the axon terminal membrane thus preventing release of norepinephrine
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Amphetamine acts by
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a. Promoting storage of the mediator
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b. Causing a rapid release of the mediator
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c. Causing a slow depletion of the mediator
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d. Combining with a receptor substance on the effector cell
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e. Interfering with the response of the receptor to the mediator
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following characterizes the mechanism of action on levodopa?
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a. It acts through a direct anticholinergic action
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b. It stimulates specific L-dopa receptors in basal ganglia
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c. It replenishes the otherwise deficient dopamine in patients with parkinsonism
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d. It increases concentrations of norepinephrine in the brain to counterbalance an otherwise overactive cholinergic system
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of the following combinations of agents would be necessary to block the cardiovascular effects produced by the injection of a sympathomimetic drug?
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a. Atropine and prazosin
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b. Atropine and propranolol
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c. Prazosin and propranolol
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d. Phenoxybenzamine and curare
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e. Amphetamine and propranolol
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs competitively blocks the action of norepinephrine at beta-adrenergic receptors?
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a. Atropine
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b. Naloxone
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c. Propranolol
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d. Phentolamine
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e. Hexamethonium
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Pretreatment with reserpine prevents a response to which of the following agents?
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a. Amphetamine
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b. Epinephrine
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c. Phenylephrine
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d. Isoproterenol
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e. Norepinephrine
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Each of the following drugs is considered to be a direct-acting catecholamine EXCEPT
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a. Epinephrine
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b. Amphetamine
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c. Isoproterenol
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d. Norepinephrine
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
After pretreatment with phentolamine, intravenous administration of epinephrine should result in
a. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
b. Positive chronotropic and inotropic effects
c. Splanchnic vasoconstriction
d. Dilation of skeletal muscle vascular beds
e. Secretion of a mucoid viscous saliva
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A) a, and b only
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B) a, b and d
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C) a, d and e
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D) c and d only
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E) c, d and e
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which of the following changes produced by intravenous administration of epinephrine result from stimulation of betaadrenergic receptors?
a. Respiratory inhibition
b. Cardiac acceleration
c. Dilation of the pupil
d. Increased systolic pressure
e. Decreased diastolic pressure
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A) a, b and c
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B) a, b and d
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C) b and e
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D) c, d and e
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E) c and e only
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT an action of epinephrine when administered intravenously in a high dose?
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A) Increases liver glycogenolysis
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B) Causes bronchiolar constriction
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C) Produces a rise in blood pressure
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D) Evokes extrasystoles in the heart
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E) Produces restlessness and anxiety
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
“Epinephrine reversal” of blood pressure can best be demonstrated by injecting epinephrine intravenously after pretreatment with
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A) Prazosin
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B) Atropine
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C) Propranolol
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D) Neostigmine
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E) Isoproterenol
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Each of the following is a predictable adverse effect of drugs that block the sympathetic nervous system EXCEPT
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A) Gastrointestinal disturbance
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B) Postural hypotension
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C) Nasal congestion
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D) Urinary retention
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E) Miosis
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Injection of a pressor dose of norepinephrine may result in a decreased heart rate because of
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A) Activation of baroreceptor reflexes
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B) Direct stimulation of alpha receptors
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C) Direct stimulation of beta-1 receptors
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D) Direct stimulation of beta-2receptors
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E) Direct stimulation of muscarinic receptors
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Alpha-adrenergic agonists are used in combination with local anesthetics to
a. Stimulate myocardial contraction
b. Reduce vascular absorption of the local anesthetic
c. Increase the rate of liver metabolism of the local anesthetic
d. Increase the concentration of the local anesthetic at its
receptor site
e. Antagonize the vasodilating effects of the local anesthetic
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A) (a), (b) and (c)
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B) (b), (c) and (d)
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C) (b), (d) and (e)
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D) (c), (d) and (e)
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E) (d) and (e) only
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Administration of an otherwise effective pressor dose of epinephrine could cause an “epinephrine reversal” in a patient taking which of the following drugs?
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A) Reserpine
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B) Propranolol
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C) Amphetamine
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D) Chlorpromazine
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E) Lithium carbonate
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Of the following sympathomimetic agents, the most potent bronchodilator is
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A) Amphetamine
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B) Norepinephrine
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C) Phenylephrine
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D) Isoproterenol
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E) Methoxamine
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Administration of which of the following drugs would produce vasoconstriction of the gingival vessels?
a. Levonordefrin
b. Phentolamine
c. Epinephrine
d. Propranolol
e. Phenylephrine
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A) (a) and (b)
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B) (a) and (c) only
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C) (a), (c) and (e)
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D) (b), (d) and (e)
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E) (b) and (d) only
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Carbidopa, a dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor, is often used in the treatment of parkinsonism because it
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A) Potentiates the central action of dopamine
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B) Potentiates the central action of norepinephrine
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C) Decreases the peripheral metabolism of levodopa
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D) Inhibits the peripheral stimulatory fibers from the central nervous system
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E) Increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to levodopa
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Of the following, one of the most effective treatments currently available in the U.S. for most patients suffering from parkinsonism involves oral administration of
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A) Dopamine
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B) Amantadine
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C) Benztropine
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D) Levodopa alone
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E) Levodopa plus carbidopa
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Levodopa therapy for Parkinson disease may result in each of the following effects EXCEPT:
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A) Development of abnormal, involuntary movements, especially in the face
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B) Extreme sensitivity to sympathomimetic drugs
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C) Exacerbation of an acute psychosis
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D) Nausea and vomiting
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E) Extreme sedation
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Adverse effects of levodopa include:
a. Arrhythmias
b. Psychotic disturbances
c. Nausea and vomiting
d. Abnormal involuntary movements
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A) (a), (b), and (c)
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B) (a), (b) and (d)
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C) (a), (c) and (d)
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D) (b), (c) and (d)
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E) All of the above
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs would be most likely taken by an asthmatic patient?
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A) Phenylephrine
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B) Albuterol
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C) Pseudoephedrine
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D) Prazosin
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E) Propranolol
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