34378499
Descripción
Test por ACAPUN INSTITUTE, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por ACAPUN INSTITUTE
hace más de 2 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is useful in treating dermatologic manifestations of an allergic response?
Respuesta
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a. Diazepam
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b. Atropine
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c. Hexylresorcinol
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d. Chlorpheniramine
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e. Phenoxybenzamine
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Cimetidine is used therapeutically to
Respuesta
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a. Stimulate respiration
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b. Protect against anaphylaxis
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c. Decrease gastric acid secretion
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d. Hasten excretion of barbiturates
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e. Dilate smooth muscles of the bronchioles
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Gastric acid secretion has been shown to be most effectively reduced with the use of
Respuesta
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a. Adrenal steroids
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b. Anticholinergic drugs
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c. Serotonin antagonists
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d. H1-histamine receptor antagonists
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e. H2-histamine receptor antagonists
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Drug-mediated inhibition of H2-histamine receptors is most useful in treating
Respuesta
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a. Asthma
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b. Anaphylaxis
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c. Contact dermatitis
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d. Gastric hyperacidity
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e. Localized allergic reactions
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of the following antihistamines is most commonly used as preoperative medication?
Respuesta
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a. Meclizine
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b. Cyclizine
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c. Promethazine
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d. Dimenhydrinate
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e. Chlorpheniramine
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Use of diphenhydramine (Benadryl) in controlling the symptoms of parkinsonism is based upon which of the following effects?
Respuesta
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a. Anticholinergic
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b. Local anesthetic
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c. Adrenergic-blocking
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d. CNS depressant on the midbrain
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e. Stimulant to dopaminergic nerves in the basal ganglia
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The mechanism of action of H1 antihistamines is
Respuesta
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a. MAO enzyme inhibition
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b. competitive antagonism
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c. physiologic antagonism
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d. noncompetitive antagonism
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e. inhibition of release of bound histamine
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is often used to treat trigeminal neuralgia?
Respuesta
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a. clonazepam
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b. carbamazepine
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c. acetazolamine
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d. succinylcholine
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The use of epinephrine for local hemostasis during surgery might result in
Respuesta
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a. hypoglycemia
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b. cardiac arrthymia
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c. an acute asthma attack
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d. a drastic drop in blood pressure
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e. any of the above
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The highest risk associated with use of oral contraceptives is
Respuesta
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a. hepatic necrosis
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b. permanent sterility
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c. cancer of the breast
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d. cancer of the uterus
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e. thromboembolic disorders
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Factors common to all forms of drug abuse include EXCEPT
Respuesta
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a. miosis
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b. tolerance
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c. physical dependence
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d. psychological dependence
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e. any of the above
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Alcoholic euphoria results from
Respuesta
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a. increased activity of the cerebellum
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b. increased activity of the cerebral areas
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c. increased activity of the spinal synapses
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d. decreased activity of the medullary centers
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e. removal of inhibitory activity of the cortex
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Sulfonyl ureas cause insulin secretion by
Respuesta
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a. adrenergic simulation
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b. cholinergic stimulation
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c. direct stimulation of pancreatic beta cells
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d. dependent of glucosa
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
If a patient requiring an extraction reports that he is on dicoumarol therapy, the laboratory test most valuable in evaluating the surgical risk is
Respuesta
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a. clotting time
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b. bleeding time
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c. sedimentation rate
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d. complete blood cell count
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e. plasma prothrombin time
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
A drug has a half-life of 4 hours. If 2 gms are given every 4 hrs what will be the amount in gms in the body immediately after the third dose?
Respuesta
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a. 1.5
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b. 2.0
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c. 3.5
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d. 4.0
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e. 6.0
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following combinations represents acceptable agonistantagonist pairs in antidotal therapy?
Respuesta
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a. morphine-naloxone
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b. dicoumarol-protamine
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c. warfarin-phenylbutazone
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d. carbon monoxide-carbon dioxide
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
The various insulin preparations useful in the treatment of diabetes mellitus differ primarily in
Respuesta
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a. locus of action
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b. mechanism of action
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c. mode of transformation
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d. onset and duration of action
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e. none of the above
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Displacement of a drug from protein binding sites is expected to increase the
Respuesta
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a. drug effect observed
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b. duration of drug effect
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c. dose required for a given effect
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d. none of the above
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
In an addisonian crisis (hypoaldosteronism) resulting from stress from a minor dental procedure, the patient should be treated immediately with
Respuesta
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a. 0.5 ml norepinephrine
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b. 5 mg. prednisolone acetate
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c. 1% triamcinolone acetonide
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d. 0.5 ml, 1:1000 epinephrine
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e. 2 ml (100 mg) hydrocortisone hemisuccinate
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Drug A inhibits the biotransformation of Drug B. The duration of action of drug B in the presence of drug A will usually be
Respuesta
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a. shortened
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b. prolonged
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c. unchanged
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d. equal
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
In which of the following groups of drugs is there the most consistency in chemical structure?
Respuesta
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a. diuretics
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b. antiepileptics
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c. local anesthetics
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d. general anesthetics
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e. nonbarbiturate sedatives
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Cimetidine is administered to
Respuesta
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a. aid in sleeping
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b. relieve asthma
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c. inhibit gastric secretion
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d. relieve cold and flu symptoms
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Which of the following anticancer drugs can be classified as an antimetabolite?
Respuesta
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a. cisplatin
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b. lomustine
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c. vincristine
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d. methotrexate
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which of the following hormones acts to elevate blood concentration of ionic calcium?
Respuesta
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a. glucagon
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b. parathyroid
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c. aldosterone
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d. thyrotropin
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e. thyrocalcitonin
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Disorientation, confusion, and hallucinations resulting from an overdose of scopolamine are most efficaciously treated by administering
Respuesta
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a. atropine
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b. levodopa
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c. acetylcholine
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d. physostigmine
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Developed hyporeactivity to a drug is
Respuesta
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a. tolerance
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b. antagonism
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c. detoxification
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d. desensitization
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Absorption of a drug from the intramuscular site of administration may be slowed by
a. excercise
b. vasoconstriction
c. the presence of congestive heart failure
d. administering the drug as an insoluble complex
Respuesta
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1. a and b
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2. b only
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3. b, c, and d
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4. b and d
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5. all of the above
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Salicylism includes which of the following?
a. nausea
b. tinnitus
c. vomiting
d. gastrointestinal bleeding
Respuesta
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1. a, b, and c
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2. a, b, and d
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3. a and c only
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4. b, c, and d
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5. all of the above
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which of the following are important criteria for the adequate clinical evaluation of a new drug?
a. comparison with a placebo
b. evaluation of side effects
c. utilization of control groups
d. comparison with a standard drug
e. double blind experimental design
Respuesta
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1. a, b, c, and d
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2. a, b, d, and e
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3. a, c, d, and e
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4. b, c, and e
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5. b, d and e only
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6. all of the above
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Each of the following agents has a long duration of action due to the presence of liver generated active metabolites EXCEPT
Respuesta
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a. diazepam
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b. oxazepam
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c. flurazepam
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d. chlordiazepoxide
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Each of the following statements relates to the general aspects of toxicology EXCEPT
Respuesta
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a. most drugs exert a single action
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b. toxicity is both time and dose dependent
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c. toxicity can be due to overdosage of a drug
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d. symptoms of toxicity can be anything ranging from nausea to death
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e. for some drugs, even a minimal concentration can be harmful
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
The central actions of ethyl alcohol are not synergistic with which of the following?
Respuesta
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a. diazepam
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b. meperidine
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c. pentobarbital
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d. chlorpromazine
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e. methylphenidate
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
A heroin dependent patient should not be given nalbuphine (Nubain) for pain because
Respuesta
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a. it has no analgesic properties
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b. it may produce respiratory depression
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c. as a mixed agonist-antagonist, it can elicit withdrawal symptoms
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d. the high abuse potential of nalbuphine may add to the patient's problems
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
All of the following methods of drug biotransformation are classified as synthetic except:
Respuesta
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a. N-alkylation
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b. O-dealkylation
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c. sulfate conjugation
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d. glucuronide conjugation
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